OET interlinear GAL 3:23

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

τὴν πίστιν & τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι

¬the faith & the going faith /to_be/_revealed

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of faith, you could express the same idea with a verb such as “trust” or “believe,” or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

πρὸ τοῦ & ἐλθεῖν τὴν πίστιν

before the_‹time› & /to/_come ¬the faith

The phrase before the faith came means before faith in Jesus Christ came. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “before faith in Jesus Christ came”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / exclusive

ἐφρουρούμεθα

˱we˲_/were_being/_guarded

When Paul says we, he is including the Galatian believers, so we would be inclusive. Your language may require you to mark these forms.

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα, συνκλειόμενοι

under /the/_law ˱we˲_/were_being/_guarded (Some words not found in SR-GNT: πρὸ τοῦ δὲ ἐλθεῖν τὴν πίστιν ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα συγκλειόμενοι εἰς τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι)

Here, Paul is continuing the metaphor of the law that he began in the previous verse. The power that the law had over humans is spoken of as if the law were a prison guard holding people captive. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly.

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὑπὸ

under

Here, the word under means “under the authority of” or “under the jurisdiction of.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “under the authority of” or “under the jurisdiction of”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / personification

ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα, συνκλειόμενοι

under /the/_law ˱we˲_/were_being/_guarded (Some words not found in SR-GNT: πρὸ τοῦ δὲ ἐλθεῖν τὴν πίστιν ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα συγκλειόμενοι εἰς τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι)

Here, Paul is continuing his personification of the law that he began in the previous verse. Paul speaks of the law as though it were a jailer who held people captive and kept them imprisoned until the time when the coming faith in Jesus Christ would be revealed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly.

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα

under /the/_law ˱we˲_/were_being/_guarded

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the law held us captive under its power”

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

συνκλειόμενοι

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: πρὸ τοῦ δὲ ἐλθεῖν τὴν πίστιν ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα συγκλειόμενοι εἰς τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, the first half of the verse states that the law did it. Alternate translation: “and the law imprisoned us”

Note 9 topic: grammar-connect-logic-goal

εἰς τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι

to the going faith /to_be/_revealed

Here, the word until could: (1) refer to time and introduce the time at which people being imprisoned under the law would end, namely until the time when God would reveal Jesus Christ as an object of faith. Alternate translation: “until God would reveal the message about trusting in Christ that he was about to reveal” (2) be translated as “to” and be indicating the purpose for people being imprisoned under the law, namely so that people would be ready for the coming faith in Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: “in order to lead us to believe in the good news that God was about to reveal” or “in order that we might be ready to believe the good news concerning Christ, the news that God would later reveal”

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὴν πίστιν & τὴν & πίστιν

¬the faith & the & faith

The phrase the faith means “the faith in Jesus Christ.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “the faith in Jesus Christ … the faith in Jesus Christ came, which was”

Note 11 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

εἰς τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι

to the going faith /to_be/_revealed

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “until the faith came that God was about to reveal” or “until the faith that God would soon reveal came”