OET interlinear HEB 9:19

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

γὰρ

for

Here, the word For introduces an important example of what the author said in the previous verse (9:18) about how the “first covenant” was “inaugurated” with “blood.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces an example. Alternate translation: “For example,”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

λαληθείσης & πάσης ἐντολῆς κατὰ τὸν νόμον ὑπὸ Μωϋσέως παντὶ τῷ λαῷ, λαβὼν τὸ αἷμα τῶν μόσχων, καὶ τῶν τράγων, μετὰ ὕδατος, καὶ ἐρίου κοκκίνου, καὶ ὑσσώπου, αὐτό τε τὸ βιβλίον καὶ πάντα τὸν λαὸν, ἐράντισεν

/having_been/_spoken & every commandment according_to the law by Moses ˱to˲_all the people /having/_taken the blood ¬the ˱of˲_calves and ¬the ˱of˲_goats with water and wool scarlet and hyssop itself both the scroll and all the people (Some words not found in SR-GNT: λαληθείσης γὰρ πάσης ἐντολῆς κατὰ τὸν νόμον ὑπὸ Μωϋσέως παντὶ τῷ λαῷ λαβὼν τὸ αἷμα τῶν μόσχων καὶ τῶν τράγων μετὰ ὕδατος καὶ ἐρίου κοκκίνου καὶ ὑσσώπου αὐτό τε τὸ βιβλίον καὶ πάντα τὸν λαὸν ἐρράντισεν)

Here the author assumes that his audience will be familiar with a story from the Old Testament. In this story, Moses spoke the law and then sprinkled the people with blood. You can read the story in Exodus 24:1–8. In these verses, the Israelites agreed to follow the law and keep the covenant. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make it more explicit that the author is speaking about how Moses cleansed the people when they heard and agreed to the covenant with God. It may be helpful to make this more than one sentence. Alternate translation: “every command having been spoken according to the law by Moses to all the people, they agreed to keep the commands. Then, Moses took the blood of calves and goats that had been sacrificed, and he mixed it with water and red wool and hyssop. Then, he sprinkled both the scroll of the law itself and all the people with the mixture”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

μετὰ ὕδατος, καὶ ἐρίου κοκκίνου, καὶ ὑσσώπου

with water and wool scarlet and hyssop

When the author describes how Moses used red wool and hyssop, he could be referring to the instructions for cleansing a person from a skin disease, which you can find in Leviticus 14:1–7. However, it is more likely that the author is referring to the red wool and hyssop that the priest burned along with a “heifer” to make “ashes” that could be mixed with water and used for cleansing. You can read about this ritual in Numbers 19:1–10; the author has already mentioned it in 9:13. The author’s point here is that when Moses cleansed the people when they agreed to the covenant, the law indicated that cleansing would require blood, water, red wool, and hyssop. Alternate translation: “with water and red wool and hyssop, as the Law required”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

λαληθείσης & πάσης ἐντολῆς κατὰ τὸν νόμον ὑπὸ Μωϋσέως

/having_been/_spoken & every commandment according_to the law by Moses

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The author uses the passive form here to focus on every command that was spoken rather than on the person doing the speaking. Alternate translation: “Moses having spoken every command according to the law”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

τῶν μόσχων, καὶ τῶν τράγων

¬the ˱of˲_calves and ¬the ˱of˲_goats

Here the author refers to calves and goats as two examples of animals that could be sacrificed so that a priest could use their blood. These were not the only animals that could be sacrificed, and the story about Moses speaking the commands only mentions bulls. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form in your language that refers generally to animals that are sacrificed. Alternate translation: “of sacrificed animals”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

μετὰ ὕδατος, καὶ ἐρίου κοκκίνου, καὶ ὑσσώπου

with water and wool scarlet and hyssop

Here the author does not state how Moses used the water, red wool, and hyssop. The story in Exodus 24:1–8 mentions that Moses mixed the blood with water, but it does not mention the other two things. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate how Moses used them. The author may be implying that: (1) Moses tied stalks of hyssop plants together with the red wool to create a brush that he used to sprinkle the blood and water. That is what hyssop and red wool are used for in Leviticus 14:1–7. Alternate translation: “mixing it with water and dipping hyssop tied with red wool in it” (2) Moses burned the red wool and hyssop and mixed them in with the blood and water. That is what hyssop and red wool are used for in Numbers 19:1–10. Alternate translation: “mixing it with water and ashes from red wool and hyssop”

Note 7 topic: translate-unknown

ἐρίου κοκκίνου

wool scarlet

Here, the phrase red wool refers to cloth or string made from the fur of animals, especially sheep, that is dyed red or scarlet. If your readers would not be familiar with red wool, in your translation you could use the name of a comparable object in your culture, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “scarlet cloth” or “fabric colored red”

Note 8 topic: translate-unknown

ὑσσώπου

hyssop

The word hyssop refers to a woody plant with small leaves that can be used for sprinkling liquids by dipping the leaves in the liquid and then shaking them or brushing them over the target. If your readers would not be familiar with hyssop, in your translation you could use the name of a comparable plant in your culture, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “part of a plant with small branches and many leaves”

Note 9 topic: figures-of-speech / rpronouns

αὐτό & τὸ βιβλίον

itself & the scroll

Here, the word translated itself emphasizes the scroll. Consider using a natural way to emphasize the scroll in your language. Alternate translation: “that very scroll”

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὸ βιβλίον

the the scroll

Here, the word scroll refers to the roll or book on which Moses wrote everything that God told him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this idea more explicitly. Alternate translation: “the scroll of God’s words” or “the scroll of the covenant”