2 PET 2:19 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, orange:accusative/object, pink:genitive/possessor, cyan:dative/indirect object.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT promising freedom to them, while themselves being slaves of destruction. (For by what someone has been overcome, by this he has been enslaved.)

UST They also do this by telling their listeners that they are free to do whatever they want while, at the same time, they themselves are controlled by their sinful desires that will destroy them. This is true because the thing that overpowers a person’s will takes control of that person.

BSB They promise them freedom, while they themselves are slaves to depravity. For a man is a slave to whatever has mastered him.

BLB promising them freedom, themselves being slaves of corruption. For by what anyone has been subdued, by that also he is enslaved.

AICNT Promising them freedom, they themselves are [also][fn] slaves of corruption; for whatever someone is defeated by, to this they are enslaved.

2:19, also: A(02) C(04) SBLGNT BYZ TR ‖ Absent from some manuscripts. 𝔓72 ℵ(01) B(03)NA28 THGNT

OEB They promise them freedom, while they themselves are slaves to corrupt habits; for a person is the slave of anything to which they give way.

WEBBE promising them liberty, while they themselves are bondservants of corruption; for a man is brought into bondage by whoever overcomes him.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET Although these false teachers promise such people freedom, they themselves are enslaved to immorality. For whatever a person succumbs to, to that he is enslaved.

LSV promising liberty to them, themselves being servants of corruption, for by whom anyone has been overcome, he has been brought to servitude to this one also;

FBV They promise them freedom, even though they themselves are slaves to depravity. “You are a slave to whatever conquers you.”

TCNT They promise them freedom while they themselves are slaves of corruption. For a man is a slave to whatever masters him.

T4T The false teachers tell people that they are free to do whatever they want to do, even though they themselves are like slaves [MET] because their own self-directed nature forces them to do sinful things. Think about these well-known words: “Whenever a person is controlled by something {something controls a person}, it is as though that person has become a slave of what controls him.”

LEB promising them freedom although they[fn] themselves are slaves of depravity. For to whatever someone succumbs, by this he is also[fn] enslaved.

2:19 *Here “although” is supplied as a component of the participle (“are”) which is understood as concessive

2:19 Some manuscripts omit “also”

BBE Saying that they will be free, while they themselves are the servants of destruction; because whatever gets the better of a man makes a servant of him.

Moff promising them freedom, when they are themselves enslaved to corruption (for a man is the slave of whatever overpowers him).

Wymth And they promise them freedom, although they are themselves the slaves of what is corrupt. For a man is the slave of any one by whom he has been worsted in fight.

ASV promising them liberty, while they themselves are bondservants of corruption; for of whom a man is overcome, of the same is he also brought into bondage.

DRA Promising them liberty, whereas they themselves are the slaves of corruption. For by whom a man is overcome, of the same also he is the slave.

YLT liberty to them promising, themselves being servants of the corruption, for by whom any one hath been overcome, to this one also he hath been brought to servitude,

Drby promising them liberty, while they themselves are slaves of corruption; for by whom a man is subdued, by him is he also brought into slavery.

RV promising them liberty, while they themselves are bondservants of corruption; for of whom a man is overcome, of the same is he also brought into bondage.

SLT Promising them liberty, they being servants of corruption: for by whom any is conquered, by him has he been made to serve.

Wbstr While they promise them liberty, they themselves are the servants of corruption: for by whom a man is overcome, by the same is he brought into bondage.

KJB-1769 While they promise them liberty, they themselves are the servants of corruption: for of whom a man is overcome, of the same is he brought in bondage.

KJB-1611 While they promise them libertie, they themselues are the seruants of corruption: for of whom a man is ouercome, of the same is he brought in bondage.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above)

Bshps Whyle they promise them libertie, where as they them selues are ye bonde seruauntes of corruption. For of whom a man is ouercome, vnto the same is he brought in bondage.
(While they promise them liberty, where as they themselves are ye/you_all bond servants of corruption. For of whom a man is overcome, unto the same is he brought in bondage.)

Gnva Promising vnto them libertie, and are themselues the seruants of corruption: for of whomsoeuer a man is ouercome, euen vnto the same is he in bondage.
(Promising unto them liberty, and are themselves the servants of corruption: for of whomsoever a man is overcome, even unto the same is he in bondage. )

Cvdl and promyse them libertye, where as they them selues are seruauntes off corrupcion. For off whom so euer a man is ouercome, vnto the same is he in bondage.
(and promise them libertye, where as they themselves are servants off corruption. For off whom so ever a man is overcome, unto the same is he in bondage.)

TNT They promys them libertye and are them selves the bonde servauntes of corrupcion. For of whom soever a man is over come vnto the same is he in bondage.
(They promys them libertye and are themselves the bond servants of corruption. For of whom soever a man is over come unto the same is he in bondage. )

Wycl Whiche lyuen in errour, and biheten fredom to hem, whanne thei ben seruauntis of corrupcioun. For of whom ony man is ouercomun, of hym also he is seruaunt.
(Which living in error, and biheten freedom to hem, when they been servants of corrupcioun. For of whom any man is overcomun, of him also he is servant.)

Luth und verheißen ihnen Freiheit, so sie selbst Knechte des Verderbens sind. Denn von welchem jemand überwunden ist, des Knecht ist er worden.
(and promised to_them Freiheit, so they/she/them himself/itself servant(s) the destruction are. Because from which_one someone overcome is, the servant/farmhand is he been.)

ClVg libertatem illis promittentes, cum ipsi servi sint corruptionem: a quo enim quis superatus est, hujus et servus est.
(freedom to_them promittentes, when/with themselves slaves let_them_be corruption: from where because who/any overcomesus it_is, of_this and servant it_is. )

UGNT ἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι, αὐτοὶ δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς; ᾧ γάρ τις ἥττηται, τούτῳ δεδούλωται.
(eleutherian autois epangellomenoi, autoi douloi huparⱪontes taʸs fthoras; hō gar tis haʸttaʸtai, toutōi dedoulōtai.)

SBL-GNT ἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι, αὐτοὶ δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς· ᾧ γάρ τις ἥττηται, τούτῳ ⸀καὶ δεδούλωται.
(eleutherian autois epangellomenoi, autoi douloi huparⱪontes taʸs fthoras; hō gar tis haʸttaʸtai, toutōi ⸀kai dedoulōtai.)

RP-GNT ἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι, αὐτοὶ δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς· ᾧ γάρ τις ἥττηται, τούτῳ καὶ δεδούλωται.
(eleutherian autois epangellomenoi, autoi douloi huparⱪontes taʸs fthoras; hō gar tis haʸttaʸtai, toutōi kai dedoulōtai.)

TC-GNT ἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι, αὐτοὶ δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς· ᾧ γάρ τις ἥττηται, τούτῳ [fn]καὶ δεδούλωται.
(eleutherian autois epangellomenoi, autoi douloi huparⱪontes taʸs fthoras; hō gar tis haʸttaʸtai, toutōi kai dedoulōtai. )

2:19 και ¦ — ECM NA TH WH

Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs, red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:1–22: Peter warned believers against false teachers

In this section, Peter warned the people who read his letter against false teachers who behaved wickedly and who would try to encourage believers to behave in the same immoral way as they did. But God would certainly destroy these false teachers.

Many of the verses in this section are similar to verses in Jude’s letter. Whoever wrote second, Peter or Jude, may have had a copy of the other one’s letter and used words and ideas out of that letter. Or perhaps someone else had written something with similar words and ideas in it, and Peter and Jude both used words and ideas from that writing. Why these two letters are so similar is not the most important thing. But if you have already translated Jude, it is important to have that translation open in front of you while you are studying and translating this section of 2 Peter. However be careful not to copy any verse exactly from Jude’s letter to your translation of 2 Peter, because there are differences between them which must remain in your translation.

Paragraph 2:17–22

Peter continued to describe the wicked way that the false teachers behaved. Because they were so wicked, God was reserving a place in hell for them.

Peter used many metaphors and other figures of speech in this paragraph. This makes his words very vivid. You may not be able to use the same figurative language in your translation, but try to find other ways of making your translation as vivid as the original.

2:19

The false teachers taught the people who had recently become Christians that they could live however they wanted to live because they were free. In other words, these teachers taught that God no longer required people to obey his laws. But in fact, the teachers were slaves to their own wicked behavior, and they themselves were not free to do what was right.

2:19a

They promise them freedom,

They tell the people: “If you follow our^(excl) teaching, we promise you that you will be free, so you can do exactly what you like to do.”
They promise people that if they obey their teaching God will no longer require them to obey his laws but they will be able to behave just as they want to.

freedom: Peter did not specify what the false teachers promised freedom from. Most probably they were promising that those who followed them would be free from the need to obey any rules on how a Christian should behave. They were probably teaching that Christians could therefore behave just as they wanted to, even immorally. In languages where there is no word for freedom, you could translate this as: “You are no longer under the law,” or “God does not require you to obey his laws any more.”

2:19b

while they themselves are slaves to depravity.

But the false teachers themselves are not free to do as they like. They are slaves of bad behavior which will ruin them,
But the false teachers themselves have no power to stop doing the wicked things which will destroy them,

slaves to depravity: The Greek word that BSB translates depravity is the same word that Peter used in 1:4, where BSB translated it “corruption.” See note on 1:4b. The wicked way that they behaved controlled them and would ruin them.

2:19c

For a man is a slave to whatever has mastered him.

I call them slaves because, as people say, if a person allows something to control him, it is as if he were a slave to that thing, he cannot stop doing it.

For: This word links 19c to 19b. You may need to make the link clearer by saying something like “I call them slaves because….”

a man is a slave to whatever has mastered him: This was probably a well-known proverb. Peter quoted it to explain why he had called the false teachers “slaves of depravity” in 19b. They had allowed their desire to do wicked and immoral things control them and so now they were like slaves to those wicked actions and could behave in no other way.

mastered: The Greek word here means “overcome by, defeated by.”

UTN uW Translation Notes:

ἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι

freedom ˱to˲_them promising

This clause refers to another means by which the false teachers enticed their followers, continuing from the previous verse. Alternate translation: [They also entice them by promising freedom to them]

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι

freedom ˱to˲_them promising

Here, freedom is a metaphor for the ability to live exactly as one wants. Alternate translation: [promising to give them the ability to live exactly as they want to live]

Note 2 topic: writing-pronouns

ἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι

freedom ˱to˲_them promising

Here, the pronoun them refers to those people who are deceived by the false teachers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: [promising freedom to those whom they deceive]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / rpronouns

αὐτοὶ δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς;

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι αὐτοί δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς ᾧ γάρ τὶς ἡττῆται τούτῳ δεδούλωται)

Peter uses the word themselves here to emphasize the irony of spiritually enslaved people promising spiritual freedom to others. Alternate translation: [while they themselves are slaves of destruction]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

δοῦλοι

˱to˲_slaves

Peter speaks of people who live sinfully as if they were slaves to sin who need to escape from their captivity. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor as a simile. Alternate translation: [like slaves]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

δοῦλοι & τῆς φθορᾶς

˱to˲_slaves & ¬the ˱of˲_corruption

Peter is using the possessive form to describe slaves that are characterized by destruction. Alternate translation: [slaves that will be destroyed]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ᾧ γάρ τις ἥττηται, τούτῳ δεδούλωται

˱by˲_what for (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι αὐτοί δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς ᾧ γάρ τὶς ἡττῆται τούτῳ δεδούλωται)

Peter speaks of a person as being enslaved when anything has control over that person, he speaks of that thing as the master of that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this metaphor by translating this plainly or as a simile. Alternate translation: [For if a person is overpowered by something, that person becomes controlled by that thing] or [For if a person is overpowered by something, that person becomes like a slave to that thing]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ᾧ γάρ τις ἥττηται, τούτῳ δεδούλωται

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this passive sentence with an active form. Alternate translation: [For if something overpowers a person, that thing enslaves that person]

Parallel 2 PET 2:19

Section 2:1–22: Peter warned believers against false teachers

Paragraph 2:17–22

2:19

2:19a

2:19b

2:19c

Parallel 2 PET 2:19