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OET (OET-LV) And_he_will_act to_the_fortresses_of strongholds with a_god_of foreignness one_who he_acknowledges[fn] he_will_increase honour and_he_will_make_them_rule over_people and_land he_will_divide_up for_a_price.
11:39 OSHB variant note: הכיר: (x-qere) ’יַכִּ֖יר’: lemma_5234 a n_1.0 morph_HVhi3ms id_275vz יַכִּ֖יר
OET (OET-RV) He’ll take action against the strongest fortresses with the help of a foreign god. He’ll increasingly honour those who acknowledge him and will make them influential leaders, and he’ll divide up the land for a price.
In this long final vision, Daniel was told of events leading up to the end of the age.
This paragraph speaks of the success of the evil king of the North. Some scholars take this king to still be Antiochus IV Epiphanes. Other scholars understand this to refer to another evil king, like Antiochus, who has yet to come to power.11:35 See the footnote in the NET. It is recommended that you do not specify the identity of this king other than to refer to him as the king of the North (as he is called in 11:40b).
He will attack the strongest fortresses with the help of a foreign god
The king will attack the mightiest fortified places with the help of this foreign god.
The king will conquer the strongest fortresses in the name of this god from a foreign/strange country.
He will attack the strongest fortresses with the help of a foreign god: There is a textual problem in this verse part. Some scholars suggest that the Hebrew word that the BSB translates as the help should read “people.” The two options are:
The MT is correct. For example:
He shall deal with the strongest fortresses by the help of a foreign god. (NRSV) (BSB, NIV, RSV/NRSV, KJV, NASB, ESV, NET, GW, NLT, CEV, NCV)
The MT should be corrected. For example:
To defend his fortresses, he will use people who worship a foreign god. (GNT) (GNT, NJB, REB)
It is recommended that you follow option (1), the reading of the MT, which is the recommendation of HOTTP also.
In some languages it may be natural to reverse the order of the ideas in this clause:
Claiming this foreign god’s help, he will attack the strongest fortresses. (NLT)
With the help of this foreign god, he will capture the strongest fortresses. (CEV)
He will attack: The Hebrew verb that the BSB translates as He will attack is literally “he will act against.”
and will greatly honor those who acknowledge him,
And he will greatly honor those who acknowledge him as their ruler/king.
He will give great honor to those who accept him as their ruler/king.
and will greatly honor those who acknowledge him: There are at least two ways to interpret the pronoun him and the meaning of this clause:
The pronoun him refers to the evil king. For example:
He will give great honor to those who accept him as ruler (GNT) (GNT, NLT, NCV, probably NET, GW)
The pronoun him refers to the god of fortresses. For example:
Everyone who worships this god will be put in a position of power (CEV) (CEV)
Some English versions leave this ambiguous. If you must make it clear, it is recommended that you follow interpretation (1). The evil king will give great honor to those who accept him as their king.
acknowledge him: In some languages it may be natural or necessary to make it explicit that this refers to acknowledging the evil king as the rightful ruler. However, in your translation, avoid implying that this means that the evil king was in fact the rightful ruler. Here are some other ways to translate this:
acknowledge him as the true ruler of the country (UBSH)
accept him as their king
submit to his rule
making them rulers over many
He will make them rulers over many people
He will appoint them to positions of authority over many people.
and distributing the land for a price.
and he will allow them to buy the land.
He will also reward them by letting them purchase land cheaply.
making them rulers over many and distributing the land for a price: This verse part explains in what ways the evil king will honor those who accept him as king. He will give them political power and property.
making them rulers over many: This clause indicates that the evil king will give his followers power to rule over other people. Here are some other ways to translate this:
The king will appoint them to positions of great authority.
He will put them in charge of many other people.
He will give them positions of great power.
and distributing the land for a price: There are two ways to interpret the Hebrew clause that the BSB translates as and distributing the land for a price:
It means that the king will distribute land for a price; that is, he will make the new owners pay for the land. For example:
and he will parcel out land for a price (NET)
And he will make them pay him for the land they rule. (NCV) (BSB, NET, NCV, NIV, NJB, KJV, NASB, RSV/NRSV, ESV, GW)
It means that the king will give out land as a reward. For example:
and dividing the land among them as their reward (NLT) |
he will reward them by giving them land (NLT, CEV, REB, NABRE)
It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) and the majority of English versions. However, the second interpretation is also possible. If this is the interpretation of the Bible in your local majority language, you may wish to follow it.
וַאֲדָמָ֖ה יְחַלֵּ֥ק בִּמְחִֽיר
and,land distribute for,a_price
This could mean: (1) “he will give the land to his followers as a reward” or (2) “he will sell land to his followers”
11:5-45 Throughout this passage, the king of the south describes Alexander’s general Ptolemy and his descendants, who ruled Egypt; the king of the north describes Alexander’s general Seleucus and his descendants, who ruled Syria and Mesopotamia. In the period following Alexander’s death, the kings of Egypt and Syria vied for control of the strategically located land of Palestine. The holy city and the holy people lay between these two powers. These battles continued until their appointed end (11:27, 35, 40, 45; 12:1, 7). These events are described historically in 1, 2, and 3 Maccabees and by Herodotus, Livy, Polybius, Porphyry, and Josephus.
OET (OET-LV) And_he_will_act to_the_fortresses_of strongholds with a_god_of foreignness one_who he_acknowledges[fn] he_will_increase honour and_he_will_make_them_rule over_people and_land he_will_divide_up for_a_price.
11:39 OSHB variant note: הכיר: (x-qere) ’יַכִּ֖יר’: lemma_5234 a n_1.0 morph_HVhi3ms id_275vz יַכִּ֖יר
OET (OET-RV) He’ll take action against the strongest fortresses with the help of a foreign god. He’ll increasingly honour those who acknowledge him and will make them influential leaders, and he’ll divide up the land for a price.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.
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