GAL 3:13 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Χριστός
2. χristos
3. chosen one messiah
4. messiah ‘anyone
5. 55470
6. N····NMS
7. chosen_one/messiah
8. Christ
9. WSN
10. Y58; Person=Jesus; F126565
11. 126557
1. ἡμάς
2. egō
3. us
4. -
5. 14730
6. R···1A·P
7. us
8. us
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126558
1. ἐξηγόρασεν
2. exagorazō
3. redeemed
4. -
5. 18050
6. VIAA3··S
7. redeemed
8. redeemed
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126559
1. ἐκ
2. ek
3. from
4. -
5. 15370
6. P·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126560
1. τῆς
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126561
1. κατάρας
2. katara
3. curse
4. -
5. 26710
6. N····GFS
7. curse
8. curse
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126562
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. of the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMS
7. ˱of˲ the
8. ˱of˲ the
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126563
1. νόμου
2. nomos
3. law
4. -
5. 35510
6. N····GMS
7. law
8. law
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126564
1. γενόμενος
2. ginomai
3. having become
4. becoming
5. 10960
6. VPAM·NMS
7. ˓having˒ become
8. ˓having˒ become
9. -
10. Y58; R126557; Person=Jesus
11. 126565
1. ὑπέρ
2. huper
3. for
4. -
5. 52280
6. P·······
7. for
8. for
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126566
1. ἡμῶν
2. egō
3. us
4. -
5. 14730
6. R···1G·P
7. us
8. us
9. -
10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul; R125580; R126368; R126183; R126187; Person=Barnabas; R126206
11. 126567
1. κατάρα
2. katara
3. +a curse
4. -
5. 26710
6. N····NFS
7. ˓a˒ curse
8. ˓a˒ curse
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126568
1. ὅτι
2. hoti
3. because
4. because
5. 37540
6. C·······
7. because
8. because
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126569
1. γέγραπται
2. grafō
3. it has been written
4. written
5. 11250
6. VIEP3··S
7. ˱it˲ ˓has_been˒ written
8. ˱it˲ ˓has_been˒ written
9. -
10. Y58; R126572
11. 126570
1. γάρ
2. gar
3. -
4. -
5. 10630
6. C·······
7. for
8. for
9. -
10. -
11. 126571
1. Ἐπικατάρατος
2. epikataratos
3. Cursed is
4. -
5. 19440
6. S····NMS
7. cursed ‹is›
8. cursed ‹is›
9. B
10. Y58; F126570
11. 126572
1. πᾶς
2. pas
3. everyone
4. -
5. 39560
6. S····NMS
7. everyone
8. everyone
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126573
1. ὁ
2. ho
3. which
4. -
5. 35880
6. R····NMS
7. ¬which
8. ¬which
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126574
1. κρεμάμενος
2. kremamai
3. having hanged
4. -
5. 29100
6. VPPM·NMS
7. ˓having˒ hanged
8. ˓having˒ hanged
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126575
1. ἐπί
2. epi
3. on
4. -
5. 19090
6. P·······
7. on
8. on
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126576
1. ξύλου
2. xulon
3. +a tree
4. tree
5. 35860
6. N····GNS
7. ˓a˒ tree
8. ˓a˒ tree
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126577

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 3:1–14: We are justified by believing, not by obeying the law

In this section, Paul contrasted “doing” and “believing.” He began by rebuking the Galatians because they had forgotten something. They had forgotten that they had been made right with God (justified) and had received the Holy Spirit by believing. They should not then begin to do/obey the law to be made right with God.

Being made right with God (justification) has always been an issue of believing. Abraham himself was justified because he believed. People who are Abraham’s children are those who believe. They are the ones who are blessed. People who try to be made right with God by obeying the law are cursed, because no one can obey the entire law.

Paul wanted the Galatians to change their ways. He was convinced that if they thought about their actions and understood the truth, they would change.

Some other examples for a heading for this section are:

Justification by Law or by Faith? (NET)

Law or Faith

Paragraph 3:10–14

In this paragraph, Paul stated that people who want to be justified through obedience to the law are under a curse. But Christ freed us from the curse of the law by his death on the cross. People who have faith in Christ receive a blessing instead of a curse. It was God’s purpose that by faith the Gentiles would share in the blessing of Abraham and receive the Spirit.

3:13a

Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law

But now, Christ has released us^(incl) from the condemnation that comes through the law
Jesus Christ paid the price to free us from God’s anger at us for not obeying the law.
We do not obey the law, and/so we deserve/merit that God curse/punish us. But Christ freed/saved us from that curse/punishment.

In 3:13, Paul returned to the idea of “curse” that he first mentioned in 3:10c.

Christ redeemed us: The Greek word that the BSB translates as redeemed means “released a prisoner or slave by paying the price (a ransom) necessary to free him.” The “price” that Christ had to pay to release us was to suffer pain and humiliation and to die on the cross for us. Jesus freed us from the curse of the law by means of his death on the cross.

Some other ways to translate this word are:

released/freed

rescued (CEV)

saved

paid the price to free us (GW)

3:13b

by becoming a curse for us.

when he was condemned in our place,
He did that by accepting that God punish him instead of us.
He changed places with us and received our punishment when he died on the cross.

by becoming a curse for us: This phrase is the means by which Christ redeemed us. He redeemed us by becoming a curse in our place. He did this when he allowed himself to be condemned/punished for us and died on the cross.

Some other ways to translate this phrase are:

by being condemned/punished in our place

when God punished him instead of us

He was our replacement/substitute for receiving punishment.

3:13c

For it is written:

because it is written in the Scriptures,
The Scriptures say,
We see this in the writings that say that

For: The Greek conjunction that the BSB translates as For introduces Paul’s basis/support for saying that Christ became a curse for us (in 3:13b). That basis/support is a verse of Scripture.

Some other ways to introduce this basis are:

This is because (CEV)

because

Some English versions do not translate this conjunction. In some languages, no conjunction will be necessary here either.

In other languages, it will be more natural to put the basis first. For example:

^cIt is written, ^d“Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree.” ^bSo, Christ became a curse for us, ^awhen he redeemed us from the curse of the law.

it is written: This phrase introduces a quotation from the Old Testament. The quotation is from Deuteronomy 21:23.

Some other ways to introduce this quotation are:

here is what the Scripture says

in God’s Holy Book it is written

we read in the Scriptures that

3:13d

“Cursed is everyone who is hung on a tree.”

“Anyone who is hung on a tree is condemned.”
“A person who is hung on a wooden post has been punished by God.”
if they hang someone on a tree/post, it shows that God has punished that person.

Cursed is everyone who is hung on a tree: In the Old Testament, some crimes were so terrible that the people who committed them were punished by being killed. Then the body of the dead person was hung on a tree or post for all to see. In that way, the people were reminded that sin was disgusting to God. God condemned and punished sin.

Paul applied this verse to Christ. Christ died by being crucified. Death by crucifixion means that his body was hung on a cross. A cross can be referred to as a tree since it is made from wood. The fact that Christ was crucified is God’s way of showing us that Christ became the curse for us.

By the time of Christ, a person was hung on a tree/cross in order to kill him. In the Old Testament, the person hung on a tree was already dead. So be careful to translate this verse so that it applies to both situations.

Some other ways to translate this clause are:

Anyone who is hung on a tree is condemned.

A person who is hung on a tree is cursed/punished by God.

If someone is condemned to die and hung on a tree/post, it shows that God has punished him.

tree: This word does not necessarily refer to a living tree. It could be a dead tree, or the wood from a tree, such as a post or pole.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐξηγόρασεν

redeemed

Paul uses the metaphor of a person buying back lost property or buying the freedom of a slave to illustrate the meaning of God sending Jesus to pay for people’s sins by dying on the cross. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning plainly.

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / exclusive

ἡμᾶς & ἡμῶν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Χριστός ἡμάς ἐξηγόρασεν ἐκ τῆς κατάρας τοῦ νόμου γενόμενος ὑπέρ ἡμῶν κατάρα ὅτι γέγραπται Ἐπικατάρατος πᾶς ὁ κρεμάμενος ἐπί ξύλου)

When Paul says us here, he is including the Galatian believers, so both occurrences of us would be inclusive. Your language may require you to mark these forms.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἐκ τῆς κατάρας τοῦ νόμου & κατάρα

from the curse ˱of˲_the law & ˓a˒_curse

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of curse, you could express the same idea with a verb phrase. Alternate translation: [from being cursed by the law … cursed]

Note 4 topic: grammar-collectivenouns

τοῦ νόμου

˱of˲_the law

See how you translated the phrase the law in [2:16](../02/016.md).

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

κατάρα

˓a˒_curse

By using the phrase, a curse, Paul is describing a person who is cursed by God by association with the curse itself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [one who was cursed by God] or [one whom God cursed]

ὑπὲρ

Alternate translation: [for]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὅτι γέγραπται

because ˱it˲_˓has_been˒_written

The phrase for it is written is introducing a quotation from Deuteronomy 21:23. See how you translated the phrase for it is written in [3:10](../03/10.md) where it is also introducing a quotation from Scripture.

Note 7 topic: writing-quotations

ἐπικατάρατος πᾶς ὁ κρεμάμενος ἐπὶ ξύλου

The sentence Cursed is everyone hanging on a tree is a quotation from Deuteronomy 21:23. Use a natural way of indicating that something is a quotation.

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ξύλου

˓a˒_tree

In the language in which Paul wrote this letter, the word tree can refer to a post made out of wood. Here, Paul is using the word tree to refer to the wooden cross that Jesus was crucified on. If it would help your readers, use a term which could refer to something made of wood, and not just to a live tree. Alternate translation: [a pole] or [a wooden pole]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. chosen one messiah
2. messiah ‘anyone
3. 55470
4. WSN
5. χristos
6. N-····NMS
7. chosen_one/messiah
8. Christ
9. WSN
10. Y58; Person=Jesus; F126565
11. 126557
1. redeemed
2. -
3. 18050
5. exagorazō
6. V-IAA3··S
7. redeemed
8. redeemed
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126559
1. us
2. -
3. 14730
5. egō
6. R-···1A·P
7. us
8. us
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126558
1. from
2. -
3. 15370
5. ek
6. P-·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126560
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126561
1. curse
2. -
3. 26710
5. katara
6. N-····GFS
7. curse
8. curse
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126562
1. of the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ the
8. ˱of˲ the
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126563
1. law
2. -
3. 35510
5. nomos
6. N-····GMS
7. law
8. law
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126564
1. having become
2. becoming
3. 10960
5. ginomai
6. V-PAM·NMS
7. ˓having˒ become
8. ˓having˒ become
9. -
10. Y58; R126557; Person=Jesus
11. 126565
1. +a curse
2. -
3. 26710
5. katara
6. N-····NFS
7. ˓a˒ curse
8. ˓a˒ curse
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126568
1. for
2. -
3. 52280
5. huper
6. P-·······
7. for
8. for
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126566
1. us
2. -
3. 14730
5. egō
6. R-···1G·P
7. us
8. us
9. -
10. Y58; R125554; Person=Paul; R125580; R126368; R126183; R126187; Person=Barnabas; R126206
11. 126567
1. because
2. because
3. 37540
5. hoti
6. C-·······
7. because
8. because
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126569
1. it has been written
2. written
3. 11250
5. grafō
6. V-IEP3··S
7. ˱it˲ ˓has_been˒ written
8. ˱it˲ ˓has_been˒ written
9. -
10. Y58; R126572
11. 126570
1. Cursed is
2. -
3. 19440
4. B
5. epikataratos
6. S-····NMS
7. cursed ‹is›
8. cursed ‹is›
9. B
10. Y58; F126570
11. 126572
1. everyone
2. -
3. 39560
5. pas
6. S-····NMS
7. everyone
8. everyone
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126573
1. which
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. R-····NMS
7. ¬which
8. ¬which
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126574
1. having hanged
2. -
3. 29100
5. kremamai
6. V-PPM·NMS
7. ˓having˒ hanged
8. ˓having˒ hanged
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126575
1. on
2. -
3. 19090
5. epi
6. P-·······
7. on
8. on
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126576
1. +a tree
2. tree
3. 35860
5. xulon
6. N-····GNS
7. ˓a˒ tree
8. ˓a˒ tree
9. -
10. Y58
11. 126577

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear GAL 3:13