OET interlinear GAL 4:23

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

ἀλλ’

but

Here, Paul is using the word And to introduce additional information regarding the two sons mentioned in 4:22. In the remainder of this verse, Paul contrasts the way in which the two sons were born. Alternate translation: “Now”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

παιδίσκης & ἐλευθέρας

servant_girl & free_‹woman›

See how you translated slave girl and free woman in 4:22.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

κατὰ σάρκα

according_to flesh

Here, the phrase according to the flesh means that Ishmael was born in the natural way by which all children are born, without God intervening and performing a miracle. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “in the natural way”

Note 4 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

δὲ

on_the_other_hand

Here, the word but is introducing a contrast. It is introducing a contrast between Ishmael, the one who was born from the slave girl according to the flesh and Isaac, who was born from the free woman, through promise. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a contrast.

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

δι’ ἐπαγγελίας

through /a/_promise

Here, the phrase through promise means “through God’s promise to Abraham” and refers to God supernaturally intervening and enabling Abraham’s wife Sarah (the free woman) to become pregnant in order to fulfill his promise to Abraham. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “through God’s promise to Abraham” or “was conceived supernaturally as a result of what God had promised to Abraham”