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interlinearVerse INT GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH EZRA NEH EST JOB PSA PRO ECC SNG ISA JER LAM EZE DAN HOS JOEL AMOS OBA YNA MIC NAH HAB ZEP HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs ROM 1COR 2COR GAL EPH PHP COL 1TH 2TH 1TIM 2TIM TIT PHM HEB YAC 1PET 2PET 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN YUD REV
Rev C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22
OET (OET-LV) and which living and I_became dead, and see, living I_am to the ages of_the ages, and I_am_having the keys of_ the _death and of_ the _Hadaʸs.
OET (OET-RV) I lived and died here on the earth, but look, now I’m alive again and will live for all eternity, and I control the keys over death and over hell.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / parallelism
καὶ ὁ ζῶν
and ¬which living
If you translated “I am the first and the last” in the previous verse as “I am the one who has always existed,” then the phrase “and the one living” means basically the same thing. Jesus would be using repetition for emphasis. In your translation, you could connect these phrases with a word other than and in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation, following a comma at the end of the previous verse: “yes, I have always been alive”
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom
εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων
to the ages ˱of˲_the ages
See how you translated the similar expression in 1:6. Alternate translation: “forever”
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
ἔχω τὰς κλεῖς τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ᾍδου
˱I˲_/am/_having the keys ¬the ˱of˲_death and ¬the ˱of˲_Hades
Jesus is speaking as if he possesses literal keys to death and Hades. He means that he has authority over the realm of the dead. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I have authority over death and Hades”
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet
ἔχω τὰς κλεῖς τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ᾍδου
˱I˲_/am/_having the keys ¬the ˱of˲_death and ¬the ˱of˲_Hades
In this context, the terms death and Hades mean the same thing. They both refer to the abode of the dead. Jesus is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “I have complete authority over the realm of the dead”
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
ἔχω τὰς κλεῖς τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ᾍδου
˱I˲_/am/_having the keys ¬the ˱of˲_death and ¬the ˱of˲_Hades
The implication is that Jesus is able to give life to those who have died and let them out of Hades. You can indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “I am able to give life to people who have died and let them out of Hades”
Note 6 topic: translate-transliterate
τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ᾍδου
¬the ˱of˲_death and ¬the ˱of˲_Hades
The word Hades is the Greek name for the abode of the dead. In your translation, you could spell this word the way it sounds in your language and then explain its meaning. Alternatively, you could use a word for the abode of the dead in your language. Alternate translation: “of Hades, the abode of the dead”
1:18 the living one: Because the Son of Man (1:13) has conquered death, he holds the keys of death and controls the outcome of our greatest fear (see 20:14; Heb 2:14-15). Jesus has complete authority to provide hope in a hostile world.
• the grave: Greek Hades. See study note on Rev 6:7-8.
OET (OET-LV) and which living and I_became dead, and see, living I_am to the ages of_the ages, and I_am_having the keys of_ the _death and of_ the _Hadaʸs.
OET (OET-RV) I lived and died here on the earth, but look, now I’m alive again and will live for all eternity, and I control the keys over death and over hell.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the SR-GNT.