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Rev 12 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18

OET interlinear REV 12:1

◄ ↨ REV 12:1 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Καί
    2. kai
    3. And
    4. Then
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. PS
    10. Y96
    11. 160935
    1. σημεῖον
    2. sēmeion
    3. +a sign
    4. sign
    5. 45920
    6. N····NNS
    7. ˓a˒ sign
    8. ˓a˒ sign
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160936
    1. μέγα
    2. megas
    3. great
    4. -
    5. 31730
    6. A····NNS
    7. great
    8. great
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160937
    1. ὤφθη
    2. horaō
    3. was seen
    4. appeared
    5. 37080
    6. VIAP3··S
    7. ˓was˒ seen
    8. ˓was˒ seen
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160938
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. in
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160939
    1. τῷ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160940
    1. οὐρανῷ
    2. ouranos
    3. heaven
    4. heaven
    5. 37720
    6. N····DMS
    7. heaven
    8. heaven
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160941
    1. γυνή
    2. gunē
    3. +a woman
    4. woman
    5. 11350
    6. N····NFS
    7. ˓a˒ woman
    8. ˓a˒ woman
    9. -
    10. Y96; F160955; F160955; F160967; F160969; F160973; F160975; F160976
    11. 160942
    1. περιβλεπομένη
    2. periblepō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 40170
    6. VPPP·NFS
    7. ˓being˒ looked_around
    8. ˓being˒ looked_around
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 160943
    1. περιβεβλημένη
    2. periballō
    3. having been clothed
    4. clothed
    5. 40160
    6. VPEP·NFS
    7. ˓having_been˒ clothed
    8. ˓having_been˒ clothed
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160944
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. with the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. ˱with˲ the
    8. ˱with˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160945
    1. ἥλιον
    2. ēlios
    3. sun
    4. sun
    5. 22460
    6. N····AMS
    7. sun
    8. sun
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160946
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160947
    1. ἡ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160948
    1. τήν
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 160949
    1. σελήνη
    2. selēnē
    3. moon was
    4. moon
    5. 45820
    6. N····NFS
    7. moon ‹was›
    8. moon ‹was›
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160950
    1. σελήνην
    2. selēnē
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 45820
    6. N····AFS
    7. moon
    8. moon
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 160951
    1. ὑποκάτω
    2. hupokatō
    3. beneath
    4. -
    5. 52700
    6. P·······
    7. beneath
    8. beneath
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160952
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160953
    1. ποδῶν
    2. pous
    3. feet
    4. feet
    5. 42280
    6. N····GMP
    7. feet
    8. feet
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160954
    1. αὐτῆς
    2. autos
    3. of her
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GFS
    7. ˱of˲ her
    8. ˱of˲ her
    9. -
    10. Y96; R160942; R160942
    11. 160955
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160956
    1. ἐπί
    2. epi
    3. on
    4. -
    5. 19090
    6. P·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160957
    1. τῆς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160958
    1. κεφαλῆς
    2. kefalē
    3. head
    4. head
    5. 27760
    6. N····GFS
    7. head
    8. head
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160959
    1. αὐτῆς
    2. autos
    3. of her
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GFS
    7. ˱of˲ her
    8. ˱of˲ her
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160960
    1. στέφανος
    2. stefanos
    3. +a crown
    4. crown
    5. 47350
    6. N····NMS
    7. ˓a˒ crown
    8. ˓a˒ crown
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160961
    1. ἀστέρων
    2. astēr
    3. of stars
    4. stars
    5. 7920
    6. N····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ stars
    8. ˱of˲ stars
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160962
    1. δώδεκα
    2. dōdeka
    3. twelve
    4. twelve
    5. 14270
    6. E····GMP
    7. twelve
    8. twelve
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160963

OET (OET-LV) And a_sign great was_seen in the heaven:
a_woman having_been_clothed with_the sun, and the moon was beneath the feet of_her, and on the head of_her a_crown twelve of_stars,

OET (OET-RV) Then a miraculous sign appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, and with the moon under her feet, and a crown of twelve stars on her head.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 12:1–17: The woman fled from the dragon

In this section, John saw several signs or symbols representing spiritual reality. The first sign was a woman, representing the people of God. The second sign was a dragon, representing Satan. The woman was about to give birth, and the dragon wanted to kill the child. The child is symbolic of Jesus as the Christ. God took the son to heaven and protected the woman.

In 12:7–12, John interrupted the story of the woman and the dragon to tell about the war between the dragon and the angels. These verses help explain why the dragon wanted to kill the woman. In 12:13, John continued the story of the woman and the dragon.

Other examples of headings for this section are:

The sign of the dragon chasing the woman

The vision of the woman and the dragon

The spiritual conflict of God’s people and Satan

12:1a

And a great sign appeared in heaven:

And a great sign: The Greek phrase that the BSB literally translates as a great sign refers to something that has a symbolic meaning. A sign suggests or points to something other than itself. Other ways to translate the Greek phrase are:

a great and wondrous sign (NIV84)

a great and mysterious sight (GNT)

a great portent (RSV)

a great wonder (KJV)

great: Here the word great refers to the intensity or importance of the sign. The word does not refer to size here. Other ways to translate this word are:

spectacular

amazing

appeared: This word indicates that before this time the sign was not visible and then suddenly it was visible.

heaven: The Greek word can mean either “heaven” or “sky.” There are two ways to interpret the Greek word:

  1. The word means heaven here, as in the BSB. This word refers generally to the location where John saw these things. The vision appeared or occurred in the spiritual realm. (BSB, RSV, NIV, NJB, NASB, NLT, NET, REB, NCV, ESV, KJV)

  2. The word means sky here. This word further indicates that the sign appeared above the ground with the sky as its background. For example:

    the sky (GNT) (GNT, NABRE, GW, CEV)

People in John’s time generally understood the spiritual realm to be up in the sky. Greek only has one word to refer to both heaven and sky. Some languages, like English, have two different words. If that is true in your language, it is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), because the same Greek word in 11:19 clearly refers to heaven.Beale (page 625), Aune (page 650), Lenski (page 361), Osbourne (page 455), Smalley (page 299), Hughes (on TW), and Kistemaker (page 351) support interpretation (1).

12:1b–c

The symbols of the sun, moon, and twelve stars indicate that the woman probably represents Israel. Or it may represent all people who believe in Jesus as the Christ. These believers are then represented as the spiritual Israel. In either case, the woman represents the people of God.

12:1b

a woman clothed in the sun, with the moon under her feet

a woman clothed in the sun: This clause refers to the sun covering the woman like clothing covers a person. Other ways to translate this clause are:

a woman whose clothes were the sun (CEV)

a woman robed with the sun (REB)

with the moon under her feet: This phrase can mean either:

  1. The bottom of the woman’s feet touched the moon.

  2. The moon was a small distance below her feet.

Translate this phrase so that it allows both meanings. Other ways to translate this phrase are:

and who had the moon under her feet (GNT)

and the moon was under her feet (NCV)

12:1c

and a crown of twelve stars on her head.

a crown of twelve stars on her head: The phrase on her head is emphasized in the Greek. For example:

on her head a crown of twelve stars (RSV)

her head was crowned/wreathed with twelve stars

If possible, emphasize the phrase on her head in a way that is natural in your language.

a crown of twelve stars: This phrase probably indicates that the stars were placed around her head like a crown. Other ways to translate this phrase are:

a crown/wreath made of twelve stars

twelve stars in a circle like a crown

crown: The Greek word that the BSB translates as crown refers to a victor’s wreath. It was worn on the head as a sign of having won a contest.

But here, the word probably refers to the twelve stars placed around her head so that it looked like a wreath of stars. Other ways to translate this word are:

wreath

headdress

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

σημεῖον μέγα ὤφθη ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ

˓a˒_sign great ˓was˒_seen in ¬the heaven

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [people saw a great sign in heaven]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

περιβεβλημένη τὸν ἥλιον

˓having_been˒_clothed (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί σημεῖον μέγα ὤφθη ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ γυνή περιβεβλημένη τόν ἥλιον καί ἡ σελήνη ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν αὐτῆς καί ἐπί τῆς κεφαλῆς αὐτῆς στέφανος ἀστέρων δώδεκα)

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [whom the sun was clothing]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

12:1–14:20 The people of God, portrayed as a woman who brings forth the Messiah, are under attack by the devil even though he has already been defeated (12:1-17). With his two minions, the beast and the false prophet, Satan attempts to continue controlling the world (13:1-18) before the final confrontation with the Lord (14:1-20).

12:1-17 Satan (pictured as a dragon) plots to challenge God’s purposes but is thwarted. Having failed in direct confrontation with God and Christ, he attempts to attack God’s people. Three brief scenes present an overview of the story (12:1-6), followed by elaborations of the war in heaven (12:7-9) and the war on earth (12:13-17).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. Then
    3. 25320
    4. PS
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. PS
    10. Y96
    11. 160935
    1. +a sign
    2. sign
    3. 45920
    5. sēmeion
    6. N-····NNS
    7. ˓a˒ sign
    8. ˓a˒ sign
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160936
    1. great
    2. -
    3. 31730
    5. megas
    6. A-····NNS
    7. great
    8. great
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160937
    1. was seen
    2. appeared
    3. 37080
    5. horaō
    6. V-IAP3··S
    7. ˓was˒ seen
    8. ˓was˒ seen
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160938
    1. in
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160939
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160940
    1. heaven
    2. heaven
    3. 37720
    5. ouranos
    6. N-····DMS
    7. heaven
    8. heaven
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160941
    1. +a woman
    2. woman
    3. 11350
    5. gunē
    6. N-····NFS
    7. ˓a˒ woman
    8. ˓a˒ woman
    9. -
    10. Y96; F160955; F160955; F160967; F160969; F160973; F160975; F160976
    11. 160942
    1. having been clothed
    2. clothed
    3. 40160
    5. periballō
    6. V-PEP·NFS
    7. ˓having_been˒ clothed
    8. ˓having_been˒ clothed
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160944
    1. with the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. ˱with˲ the
    8. ˱with˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160945
    1. sun
    2. sun
    3. 22460
    5. ēlios
    6. N-····AMS
    7. sun
    8. sun
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160946
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160947
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160948
    1. moon was
    2. moon
    3. 45820
    5. selēnē
    6. N-····NFS
    7. moon ‹was›
    8. moon ‹was›
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160950
    1. beneath
    2. -
    3. 52700
    5. hupokatō
    6. P-·······
    7. beneath
    8. beneath
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160952
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160953
    1. feet
    2. feet
    3. 42280
    5. pous
    6. N-····GMP
    7. feet
    8. feet
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160954
    1. of her
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GFS
    7. ˱of˲ her
    8. ˱of˲ her
    9. -
    10. Y96; R160942; R160942
    11. 160955
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160956
    1. on
    2. -
    3. 19090
    5. epi
    6. P-·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160957
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160958
    1. head
    2. head
    3. 27760
    5. kefalē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. head
    8. head
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160959
    1. of her
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GFS
    7. ˱of˲ her
    8. ˱of˲ her
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160960
    1. +a crown
    2. crown
    3. 47350
    5. stefanos
    6. N-····NMS
    7. ˓a˒ crown
    8. ˓a˒ crown
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160961
    1. twelve
    2. twelve
    3. 14270
    5. dōdeka
    6. E-····GMP
    7. twelve
    8. twelve
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160963
    1. of stars
    2. stars
    3. 7920
    5. astēr
    6. N-····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ stars
    8. ˱of˲ stars
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160962

OET (OET-LV) And a_sign great was_seen in the heaven:
a_woman having_been_clothed with_the sun, and the moon was beneath the feet of_her, and on the head of_her a_crown twelve of_stars,

OET (OET-RV) Then a miraculous sign appeared in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, and with the moon under her feet, and a crown of twelve stars on her head.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ↨ REV 12:1 ↑ → ► ║ ©