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OETOET-RVOET-LVULTUSTBSBBLBAICNTOEBWEBBEWMBBNETLSVFBVTCNTT4TLEBBBEMoffJPSWymthASVDRAYLTDrbyRVWbstrKJB-1769KJB-1611BshpsGnvaCvdlTNTWyclSR-GNTUHBBrLXXBrTrRelatedTopics Parallel InterlinearReferenceDictionarySearch

parallelVerse INTGENEXOLEVNUMDEUJOSJDGRUTH1SA2SAPSAAMOSHOS1KI2KI1CH2CHPROECCSNGJOELMICISAZEPHABJERLAMYNANAHOBADANEZEEZRAESTNEHHAGZECMALJOBYHNMARKMATLUKEACTsYACGAL1TH2TH1COR2CORROMCOLPHMEPHPHP1TIMTIT1PET2PET2TIMHEBYUD1YHN2YHN3YHNREV

Rev IntroC1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C10C11C12C13C14C15C16C17C18C19C20C21C22

Rev 1 V1V2V3V4V5V6V7V8V9V10V11V12V13V14V15V16V17V19V20

Parallel REV 1:18

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed for doing comparisons of different translations. Click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

BI Rev 1:18 ©

Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clearImportance=normal(All still tentative.)

OET (OET-RV)I lived and died here on the earth, but look, now I’m alive again and will live for all eternity, and I control the keys over death and over hell.

OET-LVand which living and I_became dead, and see, living I_am to the ages of_the ages, and I_am_having the keys of_ the _death and of_ the _Haidaʸs.

SR-GNTκαὶ ζῶν καὶ ἐγενόμην νεκρὸς, καὶ ἰδοὺ, ζῶν εἰμι εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων, καὶ ἔχω τὰς κλεῖς τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ἍΙδου.
   (kai ho zōn kai egenomaʸn nekros, kai idou, zōn eimi eis tous aiōnas tōn aiōnōn, kai eⱪō tas kleis tou thanatou kai tou HaIdou.)

Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, orange:accusative/object, pink:genitive/possessor.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULTand the one living; and I became dead, but behold, I am living to the ages of the ages, and I have the keys of death and of Hades.

USTI have been alive forever. When I came to earth, I died, but indeed I am now alive again for all eternity. I have the power to make anyone who has died become alive again.

BSBthe Living One. I was dead, and behold, now I am alive forever and ever! And I hold the keys of Death and of Hades.

BLBand the Living One. And I was dead, and behold I am living to the ages of the ages, and I have the keys of Death and of Hades.


AICNTand the living one — and I was dead, and behold, I am alive forever and ever, and I have the keys of {death and of Hades}.[fn] [[Amen.]][fn]


1:18, death and Hades: Later manuscripts read “Hades and death.” TR

1:18, Amen: Later manuscripts add. Present in the KJV. ‖ Absent in ℵ(01) A(02) C(04) BYZ TR NA28 SBLGNT THGNT.

OEBthe Everliving. I died, and I am alive for ever and ever. And I hold the keys of death and of Hades.

WEBBEand the Living one. I was dead, and behold, I am alive forever and ever. Amen. I have the keys of Death and of Hades.[fn]


1:18 or, Hell

WMBBand the Living one. I was dead, and behold, I am alive forever and ever. Amen. I have the keys of Death and of Sheol.[fn]


1:18 or, Hell

NETand the one who lives! I was dead, but look, now I am alive – forever and ever – and I hold the keys of death and of Hades!

LSVand He who is living, and I became dead, and behold, I am living through the ages of the ages. Amen! And I have the keys of Hades and of death.

FBVthe living one. I was dead, but look! Now I am alive for ever and ever, and I hold the keys of death and the grave.[fn]


1:18 Literally, “Hades.”

TCNTthe living one. I was dead, but behold, I am alive forevermore. [fn]Amen. I have the keys of [fn]Death and Hades.


1:18 Amen. 𝔐Apt,C,K 79.2% ¦ — 𝔐Apt ANT CT 18.1%

1:18 Death and Hades 𝔐C,K ¦ Hades and Death 𝔐A TR

T4TI am the living one. Although I died, I am alive again and will live forever! I have the power to cause people to die, and I have authority over the place where all the dead people are.

LEBand the one who lives, and I was dead, and behold, I am living forever and ever[fn], and I hold the keys of death and of Hades.


1:18 Literally “for the ages of the ages”

BBEAnd I was dead, and see, I am living for ever, and I have the keys of death and of Hell.

MoffNo Moff REV book available

WymthI died; but I am now alive until the Ages of the Ages, and I have the keys of the gates of Death and of Hades!

ASVand the Living one; and I was dead, and behold, I am alive for evermore, and I have the keys of death and of Hades.

DRAAnd alive, and was dead, and behold I am living for ever and ever, and have the keys of death and of hell.

YLTand he who is living, and I did become dead, and, lo, I am living to the ages of the ages. Amen! and I have the keys of the hades and of the death.

Drbyand the living one: and I became dead, and behold, I am living to the ages of ages, and have the keys of death and of hades.

RVand the Living one; and I was dead, and behold, I am alive for evermore, and I have the keys of death and of Hades.

WbstrI am he that liveth, and was dead; and behold, I am alive for evermore, Amen; and have the keys of hell and of death.

KJB-1769I am he that liveth, and was dead; and, behold, I am alive for evermore, Amen; and have the keys of hell and of death.
   (I am he that liveth/lives, and was dead; and, behold, I am alive forevermore, Amen; and have the keys of hell and of death. )

KJB-1611I am hee that liueth, and was dead: and behold, I am aliue for euermore, Amen, and haue the keyes of hell and of death.
   (Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from punctuation)

BshpsAnd am alyue, and was dead: And beholde, I am alyue for euermore, Amen, and haue the keyes of hell and of death.
   (And am alive, and was dead: And behold, I am alive forevermore, Amen, and have the keys of hell and of death.)

GnvaAnd am aliue, but I was dead: and beholde, I am aliue for euermore, Amen: and I haue the keyes of hell and of death.
   (And am alive, but I was dead: and behold, I am alive forevermore, Amen: and I have the keys of hell and of death. )

Cvdland am alyue, and was deed. And beholde, I am alyue for euer more and haue the kayes of hell & of deth.
   (and am alive, and was dead. And behold, I am alive for ever more and have the kayes of hell and of death.)

TNTand am alyve and was deed. And beholde I am alyve for ever more and have the kayes of hell and of deeth.
   (and am alive and was dead. And behold I am alive forever more and have the kayes of hell and of death. )

Wycland lo! Y am lyuynge in to worldis of worldis, and Y haue the keyes of deth and of helle.
   (and lo! I am living in to worldis of worldis, and I have the keys of death and of helle.)

Luthund der Lebendige. Ich war tot; und siehe, ich bin lebendig von Ewigkeit zu Ewigkeit und habe die Schlüssel der Hölle und des Todes.
   (and the/of_the Lebendige. I what/which tot; and look, I am lifedig from Ewigkeit to Ewigkeit and have the key the/of_the hell and the Todes.)

ClVget vivus, et fui mortuus, et ecce sum vivens in sæcula sæculorum: et habeo claves mortis, et inferni.[fn]
   (and vivus, and fui dead, and behold I_am vivens in sæcula sæculorum: and habeo claves mortis, and inferni. )


1.18 Sum vivens. Et ideo non terreamini, quia manifeste surrexi, nec amplius moriar. Et habeo. Et ideo non patiar vos tentari supra quam potestis ferre, quia habeo potestatem super diabolum et super membra ejus. Mortis et inferni. Diabolus est mors, quia causa est peccati, id est mortis; ministri ejus sunt infernus, in quibus habet locum.


1.18 Sum vivens. And ideo not/no terreamini, because manifeste surrexi, but_not amplius moriar. And habeo. And ideo not/no patiar you tentari supra how potestis ferre, because habeo potestatem over diabolum and over members his. Mortis and inferni. Diabolus it_is mors, because causa it_is peccati, id it_is mortis; ministri his are infernus, in to_whom habet locum.

UGNTκαὶ ὁ ζῶν καὶ ἐγενόμην νεκρὸς, καὶ ἰδοὺ, ζῶν εἰμι εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων, καὶ ἔχω τὰς κλεῖς τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ᾍδου.
   (kai ho zōn kai egenomaʸn nekros, kai idou, zōn eimi eis tous aiōnas tōn aiōnōn, kai eⱪō tas kleis tou thanatou kai tou Haidou.)

SBL-GNTκαὶ ὁ ζῶν— καὶ ἐγενόμην νεκρὸς καὶ ἰδοὺ ζῶν εἰμι εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν ⸀αἰώνων— καὶ ἔχω τὰς κλεῖς τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ᾅδου.
   (kai ho zōn— kai egenomaʸn nekros kai idou zōn eimi eis tous aiōnas tōn ⸀aiōnōn— kai eⱪō tas kleis tou thanatou kai tou hadou.)

TC-GNTκαὶ ὁ ζῶν, καὶ ἐγενόμην νεκρός, καὶ ἰδού, ζῶν εἰμι εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων, [fn]ἀμήν· καὶ ἔχω τὰς [fn]κλεῖς τοῦ [fn]Θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ᾍδου.
   (kai ho zōn, kai egenomaʸn nekros, kai idou, zōn eimi eis tous aiōnas tōn aiōnōn, amaʸn; kai eⱪō tas kleis tou Thanatou kai tou Haidou. )


1:18 αμην 𝔐Apt,C,K 79.2% ¦ — 𝔐Apt ANT CT 18.1%

1:18 κλεις 𝔐A,C ¦ κλειδας 𝔐K BYZ HF

1:18 θανατου και του αδου 𝔐C,K ¦ αδου και του θανατου 𝔐A TR

Key for above GNTs: red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).


TSNTyndale Study Notes:

1:18 the living one: Because the Son of Man (1:13) has conquered death, he holds the keys of death and controls the outcome of our greatest fear (see 20:14; Heb 2:14-15). Jesus has complete authority to provide hope in a hostile world.
• the grave: Greek Hades. See study note on Rev 6:7-8.

TTNTyndale Theme Notes:

Symbolic Numbers

Numbers used in Scripture have often inspired wild speculation. An understanding of the symbolism of numbers in the ancient world can help ground our interpretation. Such symbolism, however, is not rigid or exact, so great care must be exercised when numbers are used in interpretation, so as not to push fanciful predictions about future events.

The number one can refer to God’s oneness (Deut 6:4; Gal 3:20; Jas 2:19). Two is the minimum number required to give a legitimate witness (Deut 17:6; Rev 11:3), and three can imply divine representation (Gen 18:1-2; 2 Cor 13:14; Rev 1:4-5). Four can stand for the known world, represented in Revelation by living creatures, horsemen, winds, and angels (Rev 4:6-8; 6:1-8; 7:1) and in Genesis by four rivers (Gen 2:10-14). When three and four are added to make seven, they represent perfection or divine fulfillment, indicating that God and the world are in harmony. The multiplication of three by four yields twelve, the number associated with God’s people (Gen 35:22-26; Exod 24:4; 28:21; Num 17:2; Josh 4:3-8; 1 Kgs 18:31; Matt 10:1-4; 19:28; Jas 1:1; Rev 12:1; 21:12–22:2. The number five and its multiples, such as ten, represent human completeness (e.g., five fingers per hand); and six carries a negative sense or implication of evil, being neither humanly complete (five) nor divinely complete (seven).

Multiples of ten (e.g., forty) are a symbolic way to indicate many, whereas three sixes (666) imply supreme evil (Rev 13:18). One thousand is regarded as the foundational large number; 12,000 indicates a large number of God’s people (Rev 7:5-8); and 144,000 represents the complete people of God (Rev 7:4; 14:1). The number 10,000 and its multiples are probably best transliterated from Greek as myriads, since they really mean “a huge number” rather than a precise count.

While some of the numbers in the Bible have symbolic meanings, using numbers to speculate on the time of Christ’s return or of the end of the world is highly dubious—only God possesses that knowledge (Mark 13:32). God did not intend for the symbolic numbers in Revelation to help us predict the future; rather, their symbolic meanings help to explain the significance of the visions. Because the numbers are symbolic, sometimes when we translate them into contemporary sizes, distances, and numbers for our ease of reading, it can result in the loss of theological significance. The use of these symbolic numbers can illuminate a vision’s relationship to the world or to the people of God.

Passages for Further Study

Gen 2:2-3; 4:15; 15:13; 41:53-54; Exod 20:6; 25:31-37; 32:15; Lev 16:14; 23:16; 2 Sam 24:13; 1 Kgs 4:26; 17:21; 18:31, 43-44; Job 1:2; Ps 90:4; Jer 15:3; 49:36; Ezek 14:21; Dan 4:16, 23-25; 7:3, 17, 24; Zech 4:2; 6:1; Matt 10:1-5; 12:40; 18:21-22; Mark 6:7; Luke 15:8; Acts 6:3; 10:16; 1 Cor 8:6; Eph 4:4-6; 2 Pet 3:8; Rev 1:16; 2:10; 4:4; 6:1; 7:1, 4-8; 12:1, 3; 13:1; 17:3-14; 20:2-7; 21:12-21


UTNuW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / parallelism

καὶ ὁ ζῶν

and ¬which living

If you translated “I am the first and the last” in the previous verse as “I am the one who has always existed,” then the phrase “and the one living” means basically the same thing. Jesus would be using repetition for emphasis. In your translation, you could connect these phrases with a word other than and in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation, following a comma at the end of the previous verse: “yes, I have always been alive”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων

to the ages ˱of˲_the ages

See how you translated the similar expression in 1:6. Alternate translation: “forever”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἔχω τὰς κλεῖς τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ᾍδου

˱I˲_/am/_having the keys ¬the ˱of˲_death and ¬the ˱of˲_Hades

Jesus is speaking as if he possesses literal keys to death and Hades. He means that he has authority over the realm of the dead. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I have authority over death and Hades”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

ἔχω τὰς κλεῖς τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ᾍδου

˱I˲_/am/_having the keys ¬the ˱of˲_death and ¬the ˱of˲_Hades

In this context, the terms death and Hades mean the same thing. They both refer to the abode of the dead. Jesus is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “I have complete authority over the realm of the dead”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ἔχω τὰς κλεῖς τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ᾍδου

˱I˲_/am/_having the keys ¬the ˱of˲_death and ¬the ˱of˲_Hades

The implication is that Jesus is able to give life to those who have died and let them out of Hades. You can indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “I am able to give life to people who have died and let them out of Hades”

Note 6 topic: translate-transliterate

τοῦ θανάτου καὶ τοῦ ᾍδου

¬the ˱of˲_death and ¬the ˱of˲_Hades

The word Hades is the Greek name for the abode of the dead. In your translation, you could spell this word the way it sounds in your language and then explain its meaning. Alternatively, you could use a word for the abode of the dead in your language. Alternate translation: “of Hades, the abode of the dead”

BI Rev 1:18 ©