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Lev Intro C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22 C23 C24 C25 C26 C27
Lev 23 V1 V3 V5 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V17 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41 V43
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(All still tentative.)
This chapter describes Israel’s religious festivals and holy days. The structure is: 1) Introduction (23:1-2) 2) The Sabbath (23:3) 3) The Passover and Festival of Unleavened Bread (23:4-8) 4) The Offering of Firstfruits (23:9-14) 5) The Festival of Weeks (Pentecost) (23:15-22) 6) The Festival of Trumpets (23:23-25) 7) The Day of Atonement (23:26-32) 8) The Festival of Shelters (23:33-43) 9) Conclusion (23:44)
The chapter uses Hebrew calendar terms that need careful translation:- “First month” is March-April- “Seventh month” is September-October- Consider adding brief explanations in footnotes
The chapter uses several numbers and measures:- “Two-tenths” of an ephah (about 4.4 liters)- “One-fourth” of a hin (about 1 liter)- “Seven sabbaths” means seven weeks- Consider using local measurements if helpful
Many instructions use passive form. Your language might need to say who does the action:- “Work shall be done” → “you may work”- “No work shall be done” → “you must not work”- “It shall be presented” → “the priest must present it”
Several phrases appear multiple times:- “To the face of Yahweh” means “in Yahweh’s presence”- “A pleasing aroma” means “an acceptable offering”- “A permanent law” means “a rule that continues forever”- Use consistent translations for these phrases
Each festival had specific timing rules:- Some lasted one day- Others lasted seven days- Some required counting days between events- Some were tied to harvest times
The festivals involved special meetings:- People stopped regular work- They gathered to worship- They made specific offerings- Some required fasting or special housing
Many festival activities had deeper meaning:- Living in shelters reminded of wilderness years- First harvest offerings showed gratitude- Trumpet blasts called people to worship- Consider explaining these meanings in footnotes
Many festivals linked to farming:- Firstfruits at beginning of harvest- Weeks festival at end of grain harvest- Rules about leaving harvest edges for the poor- Shows connection between worship and daily life(See: festival, sabbath, and holy)