OET interlinear EPH 4:18

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ἐσκοτωμένοι τῇ διανοίᾳ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐσκοτωμένοι τῇ διανοίᾳ ὄντες ἀπηλλοτριωμένοι τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ διά τήν ἄγνοιαν τήν οὖσαν ἐν αὐτοῖς διά τήν πώρωσιν τῆς καρδίας αὐτῶν)

This metaphor compares wrong thinking with darkness. Alternate translation: [they no longer think or reason clearly] or [they are not able to understand]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἐσκοτωμένοι τῇ διανοίᾳ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐσκοτωμένοι τῇ διανοίᾳ ὄντες ἀπηλλοτριωμένοι τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ διά τήν ἄγνοιαν τήν οὖσαν ἐν αὐτοῖς διά τήν πώρωσιν τῆς καρδίας αὐτῶν)

If your language does not use this passive form, you can state this in active form. Alternate translation: [Their way of thinking has become dark] or [They no longer think or reason clearly] or [They are not able to understand]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ἀπηλλοτριωμένοι τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ, διὰ τὴν ἄγνοιαν τὴν οὖσαν ἐν αὐτοῖς

˓having_been˒_estranged ˱from˲_the life ¬the ˱of˲_God (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐσκοτωμένοι τῇ διανοίᾳ ὄντες ἀπηλλοτριωμένοι τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ διά τήν ἄγνοιαν τήν οὖσαν ἐν αὐτοῖς διά τήν πώρωσιν τῆς καρδίας αὐτῶν)

If your language does not use this passive form, you can state this in active form. Alternate translation: [because they do not know God, they cannot live the way that God wants his people to live] or [they have cut themselves off from the life of God by their ignorance]

ἀπηλλοτριωμένοι

˓having_been˒_estranged

Alternate translation: [cut off] or [separated]

ἄγνοιαν

ignorance

Alternate translation: [lack of knowledge] or [lack of information]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

διὰ τὴν πώρωσιν τῆς καρδίας αὐτῶν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐσκοτωμένοι τῇ διανοίᾳ ὄντες ἀπηλλοτριωμένοι τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ διά τήν ἄγνοιαν τήν οὖσαν ἐν αὐτοῖς διά τήν πώρωσιν τῆς καρδίας αὐτῶν)

The phrase hardness of their hearts is a metaphor that means “stubbornness.” Alternate translation: [because they are stubborn] or [because they refuse to listen to God]

Note 5 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

διὰ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐσκοτωμένοι τῇ διανοίᾳ ὄντες ἀπηλλοτριωμένοι τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ διά τήν ἄγνοιαν τήν οὖσαν ἐν αὐτοῖς διά τήν πώρωσιν τῆς καρδίας αὐτῶν)

The connecting word because introduces a reason-result relationship. The first reason is that they are ignorant of him. The result is that the Gentiles are separated from God. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result.

Note 6 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

(Occurrence 2) διὰ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἐσκοτωμένοι τῇ διανοίᾳ ὄντες ἀπηλλοτριωμένοι τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ διά τήν ἄγνοιαν τήν οὖσαν ἐν αὐτοῖς διά τήν πώρωσιν τῆς καρδίας αὐτῶν)

Again, the connecting word because introduces a reason-result relationship. The second reason is that their hearts are hardened. The result is that Gentiles are separated from walking with God. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result.