MARK 12:12 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Καί
2. kai
3. And
4. but
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. PS
10. Y33
11. 32632
1. ἐζήτουν
2. zēteō
3. they were seeking
4. -
5. 22120
6. VIIA3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ seeking
8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ seeking
9. -
10. Y33; R32268; R32271; R32274
11. 32633
1. αὐτόν
2. autos
3. him
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3AMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32634
1. κρατῆσαι
2. krateō
3. to apprehend
4. -
5. 29020
6. VNAA····
7. ˓to˒ apprehend
8. ˓to˒ apprehend
9. -
10. Y33; R32268; R32271; R32274
11. 32635
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32636
1. ἐφοβήθησαν
2. fobeō
3. they were afraid
4. -
5. 53990
6. VIAP3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ afraid
8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ afraid
9. -
10. Y33; R32268; R32271; R32274
11. 32637
1. τόν
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32638
1. ὄχλον
2. oχlos
3. crowd
4. crowd
5. 37930
6. N····AMS
7. crowd
8. crowd
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32639
1. ἔγνωσαν
2. ginōskō
3. they knew
4. knew
5. 10970
6. VIAA3··P
7. ˱they˲ knew
8. ˱they˲ knew
9. -
10. Y33; R32268; R32271; R32274
11. 32640
1. γάρ
2. gar
3. because/for
4. -
5. 10630
6. C·······
7. for
8. for
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32641
1. ὅτι
2. hoti
3. that
4. -
5. 37540
6. C·······
7. that
8. that
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32642
1. πρός
2. pros
3. against
4. -
5. 43140
6. P·······
7. against
8. against
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32643
1. αὐτούς
2. autos
3. them
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3AMP
7. them
8. them
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32644
1. τήν
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····AFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32645
1. παραβολήν
2. parabolē
3. parable
4. parable
5. 38500
6. N····AFS
7. parable
8. parable
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32646
1. πρός
2. pros
3. -
4. -
5. 43140
6. P·······
7. against
8. against
9. -
10. -
11. 32647
1. αὐτούς
2. autos
3. -
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3AMP
7. them
8. them
9. -
10. -
11. 32648
1. εἶπεν
2. legō
3. he spoke
4. -
5. 30040
6. VIAA3··S
7. ˱he˲ spoke
8. ˱he˲ spoke
9. -
10. Y33; R32405; Person=Jesus
11. 32649
1. Καί
2. kai
3. And
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y33
11. 32650
1. ἀφέντες
2. afiēmi
3. having left
4. -
5. 8630
6. VPAA·NMP
7. ˓having˒ left
8. ˓having˒ left
9. -
10. Y33; R32268; R32271; R32274
11. 32651
1. αὐτόν
2. autos
3. him
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3AMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32652
1. ἀπῆλθον
2. aperχomai
3. they went away
4. -
5. 5650
6. VIAA3··P
7. ˱they˲ went_away
8. ˱they˲ went_away
9. -
10. Y33; R32268; R32271; R32274
11. 32653

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 12:1–12: Jesus told a parable about some evil grape farmers

In 11:28 the Jewish religious leaders asked Jesus two questions about his authority. In this section Jesus used a parable to answer those question in an indirect way. The Jewish leaders showed that they understood this parable by the way they responded in 12:12.

Jesus’ parable was about a man who owned a grape farm. He told some men to farm it for him and to give him a share of the profit. However, the men refused to give the owner his share. They even mistreated his servants who came to collect the money. When the owner sent his own son, they killed him.

Jesus used the people in the parable to represent the Jewish religious leaders and their actions toward God and toward himself, God’s son. Here are the most likely meanings of the different people and things in the parable:See Ray Summers, Commentary on Luke: Jesus, the Universal Savior, 1972, on the parallel passage in Luke 20:9–19.

The owner of the grape farm	represents	God
The grape farm	represents	Israel and its people
The grape farmers	represent	the Jewish religious leaders
The servants	represent	God’s messengers or prophets
The son	represents	Jesus

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

The parable of the vineyard and its farmers

The Parable of the Tenants in the Vineyard (GNT)

There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 21:33–46 and Luke 20:9–19.

12:12a

At this, the leaders sought to arrest Jesus,

¶ Then the Jewish leaders tried to find a way to arrest Jesus,
¶ After Jesus said these things, the chief priests, the teachers of the law, and the elders wanted to take him into custody.

the leaders sought: The Greek word that the BSB translates as the leaders sought is literally “they sought,” as in the NKJV. The BSB uses the phrase the leaders sought to refer clearly to the chief priests, the scribes, and the elders, who were last mentioned in 11:27. Refer to these leaders in a way that is natural in your language.

sought to arrest Jesus: The religious leaders tried to think of a way to arrest Jesus secretly so the people would not know about it. Otherwise, the people who followed Jesus might cause a riot by trying to defend him.

arrest: The Greek word that the BSB translates as arrest has several meanings. Here it means “seize, capture,” and it implies that the leaders wanted to take Jesus away for trial and punishment.

12:12b

for they knew that He had spoken this parable against them.

because they realized that Jesus was speaking against them when he told the story about the evil grape farmers.
They knew that the evil men in Jesus’ story represented them.

for: The Greek word that the BSB translates as for introduces the reason why the religious leaders wanted to arrest Jesus.

they knew that He had spoken this parable against them: The Jewish leaders understood that Jesus had told the story of the grape farm as a warning to them.Jesus may also have given the metaphor of the stone as a warning to them. Jesus meant that when they rejected him, they rejected the one whom God had sent. They understood that Jesus meant that God would certainly punish them if they did not repent. This was why they wanted to arrest Jesus.

In some languages it may be necessary to express the meaning more explicitly. For example, in 12:12a–b, the NLT96 says:

The Jewish leaders wanted to arrest him for using this illustration because they realized he was pointing at them—they were the wicked farmers in his story.

See parable, Type 3, in the Glossary for how to translate parable in this context.

12:12c

But fearing the crowd,

But they were afraid to do anything to Jesus because the many people there favored him.
But they did not arrest him because they were afraid of what the crowd would do if they did.

But fearing the crowd: This phrase explains why the Jewish religious leaders did not arrest Jesus yet. (See 12:12a.) They were afraid that the many other people there might riot and try to help Jesus. They knew that the people respected Jesus and that many people believed his teaching.

The leaders had wanted or tried to arrest Jesus, but they did not do it yet. In some languages it may be necessary to make that information explicit. For example:

But they did not arrest him because they were afraid of the people

12:12d

they left Him and went away.

So they went away and left Jesus.

they left Him and went away: The leaders left Jesus because they were afraid to arrest him.

General Comment on 12:12a–d

In some languages it may be necessary to change the order of the parts in this verse. For example, the REB says:

^12bThey saw that the parable was aimed at them ^12aand wanted to arrest him; ^12cbut they were afraid of the people, ^12dso they left him alone and went away.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

καὶ ἐζήτουν αὐτὸν κρατῆσαι, καὶ ἐφοβήθησαν τὸν ὄχλον; ἔγνωσαν γὰρ ὅτι πρὸς αὐτοὺς τὴν παραβολὴν εἶπεν & καὶ ἀφέντες αὐτὸν, ἀπῆλθον

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί ἐζήτουν αὐτόν κρατῆσαι καί ἐφοβήθησαν τόν ὄχλον ἔγνωσαν γάρ ὅτι πρός αὐτούς τήν παραβολήν εἶπεν Καί ἀφέντες αὐτόν ἀπῆλθον)

If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases, since the reason why the Jewish leaders were seeking to seize Jesus was that they knew that he spoke the parable against them. Also, the reason why they left Jesus without arresting him was because they feared the crowd. If it would be helpful in your language, you could put the reasons before their results. Alternate translation: [And they knew that he spoke the parable against them, so they were seeking to seize him. However, they feared the crowd, so having left him, they went away]

Note 2 topic: writing-pronouns

ἐζήτουν

˱they˲_˓were˒_seeking

Here, the pronoun they refers to the chief priests, scribes, and elders mentioned in [11:27](../11/27.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could refer to these people more directly. Alternate translation: [the Jewish leaders were seeking]

Note 3 topic: grammar-connect-logic-contrast

(Occurrence 2) καὶ

Here, Mark uses the word and to introduce a contrast between what the Jewish leaders wanted to do and the reason why they were not able to do so. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: [yet] or [but]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τὸν ὄχλον

Here Mark implies that the chief priests and the Pharisees feared what the crowd would do if they seized Jesus. They might have rioted or attacked them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [what the crowd would do] or [that the crowd might riot]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

καὶ ἀφέντες αὐτὸν, ἀπῆλθον

Here Mark implies that the Jewish leaders did not seize Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [And they did not seize him, but instead, having left him, they went away]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / go

ἀπῆλθον

˱they˲_went_away

In a context such as this, your language might say “came” instead of went. Alternate translation: [they came away]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. And
2. but
3. 25320
4. PS
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. PS
10. Y33
11. 32632
1. they were seeking
2. -
3. 22120
5. zēteō
6. V-IIA3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ seeking
8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ seeking
9. -
10. Y33; R32268; R32271; R32274
11. 32633
1. to apprehend
2. -
3. 29020
5. krateō
6. V-NAA····
7. ˓to˒ apprehend
8. ˓to˒ apprehend
9. -
10. Y33; R32268; R32271; R32274
11. 32635
1. him
2. -
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3AMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32634
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32636
1. they were afraid
2. -
3. 53990
5. fobeō
6. V-IAP3··P
7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ afraid
8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ afraid
9. -
10. Y33; R32268; R32271; R32274
11. 32637
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32638
1. crowd
2. crowd
3. 37930
5. oχlos
6. N-····AMS
7. crowd
8. crowd
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32639
1. because/for
2. -
3. 10630
5. gar
6. C-·······
7. for
8. for
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32641
1. they knew
2. knew
3. 10970
5. ginōskō
6. V-IAA3··P
7. ˱they˲ knew
8. ˱they˲ knew
9. -
10. Y33; R32268; R32271; R32274
11. 32640
1. that
2. -
3. 37540
5. hoti
6. C-·······
7. that
8. that
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32642
1. he spoke
2. -
3. 30040
5. legō
6. V-IAA3··S
7. ˱he˲ spoke
8. ˱he˲ spoke
9. -
10. Y33; R32405; Person=Jesus
11. 32649
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····AFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32645
1. parable
2. parable
3. 38500
5. parabolē
6. N-····AFS
7. parable
8. parable
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32646
1. against
2. -
3. 43140
5. pros
6. P-·······
7. against
8. against
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32643
1. them
2. -
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3AMP
7. them
8. them
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32644
1. And
2. -
3. 25320
4. S
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y33
11. 32650
1. having left
2. -
3. 8630
5. afiēmi
6. V-PAA·NMP
7. ˓having˒ left
8. ˓having˒ left
9. -
10. Y33; R32268; R32271; R32274
11. 32651
1. him
2. -
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3AMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. Y33
11. 32652
1. they went away
2. -
3. 5650
5. aperχomai
6. V-IAA3··P
7. ˱they˲ went_away
8. ˱they˲ went_away
9. -
10. Y33; R32268; R32271; R32274
11. 32653

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear MARK 12:12