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Mark C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16

Mark 12 V1 V3 V5 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41 V43

OET interlinear MARK 12:17

◄ ← MARK 12:17 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 32767
    1. ἀποκριθείς
    2. apokrinō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 6110
    6. VPAP·NMS
    7. answering
    8. answering
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 32768
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32769
    1. Δέ
    2. de
    3. And
    4. then but
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 32770
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 32771
    1. Ἰησοῦς
    2. iēsous
    3. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    4. -
    5. 24240
    6. N····NMS
    7. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    8. Jesus
    9. UN
    10. Person=Jesus; Y33; F32793; F32799
    11. 32772
    1. εἶπεν
    2. legō
    3. said
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VIAA3··S
    7. said
    8. said
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32773
    1. αὐτοῖς
    2. autos
    3. to them
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DMP
    7. ˱to˲ them
    8. ˱to˲ them
    9. -
    10. Y33; R32658
    11. 32774
    1. Ἀπόδοτε
    2. apodidōmi
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 5910
    6. VMAA2··P
    7. give_back
    8. give_back
    9. D
    10. -
    11. 32775
    1. Τά
    2. ho
    3. The things
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····ANP
    7. the ‹things›
    8. the ‹things›
    9. D
    10. Y33
    11. 32776
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 32777
    1. Καίσαρος
    2. kaisar
    3. of Kaisar
    4. -
    5. 25410
    6. N····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Kaisar
    8. ˱of˲ Caesar
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 32778
    1. τῷ
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····DMS
    7. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
    8. ˱to˲ the ‹one›
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 32779
    1. ἀπόδοτε
    2. apodidōmi
    3. give back
    4. -
    5. 5910
    6. VMAA2··P
    7. give_back
    8. give_back
    9. -
    10. Y33; R32658
    11. 32780
    1. Καίσαρι
    2. kaisar
    3. to Kaisar
    4. -
    5. 25410
    6. N····DMS
    7. ˱to˲ Kaisar
    8. ˱to˲ Caesar
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 32781
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32782
    1. τά
    2. ho
    3. the things
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····ANP
    7. the ‹things›
    8. the ‹things›
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32783
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32784
    1. Θεοῦ
    2. theos
    3. of god
    4. -
    5. 23160
    6. N····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ god
    8. ˱of˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y33; Person=God
    11. 32785
    1. τῷ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32786
    1. Θεῷ
    2. theos
    3. to god
    4. -
    5. 23160
    6. N····DMS
    7. ˱to˲ god
    8. ˱to˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y33; Person=God
    11. 32787
    1. Καί
    2. kai
    3. And
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 32788
    1. ἐξεθαύμαζον
    2. ekthaumazō
    3. they were begrudgingly amazed
    4. -
    5. 15695
    6. VIIA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ begrudgingly_amazed
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ begrudgingly_amazed
    9. -
    10. Y33; R32658
    11. 32789
    1. ἐθαύμασαν
    2. thaumazō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 22960
    6. VIAA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ marvelled
    8. ˱they˲ marvelled
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 32790
    1. ἐθαυμάζοντο
    2. thaumazō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 22960
    6. VIIM3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ marvelling
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ marvelling
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 32791
    1. ἐπʼ
    2. epi
    3. at
    4. -
    5. 19090
    6. P·······
    7. at
    8. at
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32792
    1. αὐτῷ
    2. autos
    3. him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. Y33; R32772; Person=Jesus
    11. 32793
    1. αὐτόν
    2. autos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3AMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 32794

OET (OET-LV) And the Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa) said to_them:
The things of_Kaisar give_back to_Kaisar, and the things of_ the _god to_ the _god.
And they_were_begrudgingly_amazed at him.

OET (OET-RV) “Well then,” said Yeshua, “give to the emperor whatever is due him, but give God what is owed to God.”
¶ And they had to admit that that was an outstanding answer.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 12:13–17: Jewish leaders tried to trick Jesus with a question about paying taxes

The chief priests, the scribes, and the elders mentioned in 11:27 sent men to trick Jesus. They tried to trap him into saying something that they could use to cause trouble for him. The leaders sent men from two different groups, the Pharisees and the Herodians. These groups had plotted together against Jesus before in 3:6.

The men asked Jesus, “Should the Jews pay taxes to the Roman Emperor Caesar or not?” The word “Caesar” was the title that the Roman people gave to their highest ruler, the emperor.The Romans worshipped their emperor as a god. The Romans ruled the Jews and forced them to pay taxes. Although the Herodians and the Pharisees agreed to oppose Jesus, they disagreed about whether a person should pay taxes to the Roman emperor. The Herodians wanted the Romans to continue to rule the Jews, so they supported paying taxes. The Pharisees did not want the Romans to rule, and they were against paying taxes to them.

The men’s question was difficult because either a “yes” or a “no” answer would cause problems for Jesus. If Jesus answered, “Yes, the Jews should pay taxes to the Romans,” he would displease the Jews. If he answered, “No, they should not pay,” he would displease the Roman government. But Jesus answered wisely and avoided the trap that the Jewish leaders had set for him.

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

Paying Taxes to Caesar (ESV)

The Question about Paying Taxes (GNT)

Jewish leaders ask Jesus about paying taxes

There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 22:15–22 and Luke 20:20–26.

12:17a

Then Jesus told them,

12:17a–b

Then Jesus told them: This part of the verse introduces Jesus’ response to the men’s answer in 12:16c. In some languages it may be necessary to indicate the connection between the men’s answer and this response.

Here are some other ways to make this connection explicit:

Jesus told them, “Then give to Caesar…”

Then Jesus said, “Since that is true, then here is my answer to your question: Give to Caesar…”

12:17b–c

Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s: In Greek the parts of 12:17b–c occur in a different order. The order is literally:

The things of Caesar give to Caesar and the things of God give to God.

In Greek this order keeps the reader’s attention on the word “Caesar,” the same word that Jesus’ questioners used in 12:16c. In some languages it may also be natural to follow this order. For example:

What belongs to Caesar, give to Caesar, and what belongs to God, give to God.

12:17b

“Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s,

Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s: The word that the BSB translates as Give means to give or pay to someone what you owe them.According to Louw & Nida (page 575 #57.153), the Greek word means: “to make a payment, with the implication of such a payment being in response to an incurred obligation.” Jesus said that people should give or pay to the emperor and to his Roman government what rightfully belonged to them. This would include obeying the Roman law and paying the Roman tax.

Notice that Jesus did not say explicitly that they should pay this tax. He wanted them to draw this conclusion from what they themselves had asked and answered. So in your translation, you should not make explicit what people should give to the Emperor.

12:17c

and to God what is God’s.”

and to God what is God’s: People should also give to God what rightfully belongs to him, and do what his law requires.

In some languages it may be helpful to repeat the verb here:

and give to God what is God’s

12:17d

And they marveled at Him.

And: In Greek this part of the verse begins with the Greek conjunction is often translated as And, as in the BSB. Here it introduces the result of Jesus’ clever reply. Some English versions leave this connection implicit. For example the CEV says:

The men were amazed at Jesus.

Other versions make the connection explicit by putting the last part of this sentence first. See the following note and examples on the phrase “at him.”

they marveled: The Greek word that the BSB translates as marveled emphasizes that the Pharisees and Herodians were very surprised. You may have an idiom in your language that is used to describe complete amazement. If so, you may want to use that idiom here.

at Him: They were very surprised at what Jesus had said. Specifically, they were surprised that Jesus had avoided their trap by his clever answer. The cause of their amazement can be made clear in various ways. For example:

The men were amazed at what Jesus said. (NCV)

They were completely amazed at how Jesus had gotten out of their trap. (TRT)

Other versions change the order of the sentence so that the last part comes first. For example:

His reply completely amazed them. (NLT)

When they heard Jesus’ answer, they were utterly astonished.

Consider how to express this statement clearly in your language.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

τὰ Καίσαρος ἀπόδοτε Καίσαρι

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Τά Καίσαρος ἀπόδοτε Καίσαρι καί τά τοῦ Θεοῦ τῷ Θεῷ Καί ἐξεθαύμαζον ἐπʼ αὐτῷ)

Here, Caesar represents the Roman leaders and government in general. See how you translated this word in [12:14](../12/14.md), but make sure that the connection to the answer “Caesar’s” in [12:16](../12/16.md) is clear. Alternate translation: [The things of the Roman leaders, give back to the Roman leaders] or [The things of the Roman empire, give back to the Roman empire]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / yousingular

ἀπόδοτε

give_back

Because Jesus is speaking to the Pharisees and the Herodians, the command give back is plural.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

καὶ τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῷ Θεῷ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ὁ Δέ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Τά Καίσαρος ἀπόδοτε Καίσαρι καί τά τοῦ Θεοῦ τῷ Θεῷ Καί ἐξεθαύμαζον ἐπʼ αὐτῷ)

Jesus is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: [and give to God the things that belong to God]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

12:17 give to Caesar what belongs to Caesar: Jesus’ words cannot be taken as those of an anti-Roman zealot opposing Jewish taxation by Caesar. Jesus clearly indicates elsewhere that he was opposed to the zealot cause (see Matt 5:9, 39, 41; 26:52). However, Jesus’ statement cannot be understood as pro-Roman, either, because service to God is fundamental, and God is ultimately over Caesar. Like the evil farmers in the previous parable, the religious leaders had not given God what belonged to him.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. then but
    3. 11610
    4. S
    5. de
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 32770
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32769
    1. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    2. -
    3. 24240
    4. UN
    5. iēsous
    6. N-····NMS
    7. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    8. Jesus
    9. UN
    10. Person=Jesus; Y33; F32793; F32799
    11. 32772
    1. said
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-IAA3··S
    7. said
    8. said
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32773
    1. to them
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3DMP
    7. ˱to˲ them
    8. ˱to˲ them
    9. -
    10. Y33; R32658
    11. 32774
    1. The things
    2. -
    3. 35880
    4. D
    5. ho
    6. R-····ANP
    7. the ‹things›
    8. the ‹things›
    9. D
    10. Y33
    11. 32776
    1. of Kaisar
    2. -
    3. 25410
    4. U
    5. kaisar
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ Kaisar
    8. ˱of˲ Caesar
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 32778
    1. give back
    2. -
    3. 5910
    5. apodidōmi
    6. V-MAA2··P
    7. give_back
    8. give_back
    9. -
    10. Y33; R32658
    11. 32780
    1. to Kaisar
    2. -
    3. 25410
    4. U
    5. kaisar
    6. N-····DMS
    7. ˱to˲ Kaisar
    8. ˱to˲ Caesar
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 32781
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32782
    1. the things
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····ANP
    7. the ‹things›
    8. the ‹things›
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32783
    1. of
    2. -
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ god
    8. ˱of˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y33; Person=God
    11. 32785
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32784
    1. god
    2. -
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ god
    8. ˱of˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y33; Person=God
    11. 32785
    1. to
    2. -
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····DMS
    7. ˱to˲ god
    8. ˱to˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y33; Person=God
    11. 32787
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32786
    1. god
    2. -
    3. 23160
    4. GN
    5. theos
    6. N-····DMS
    7. ˱to˲ god
    8. ˱to˲ God
    9. GN
    10. Y33; Person=God
    11. 32787
    1. And
    2. -
    3. 25320
    4. S
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 32788
    1. they were begrudgingly amazed
    2. -
    3. 15695
    5. ekthaumazō
    6. V-IIA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ begrudgingly_amazed
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ begrudgingly_amazed
    9. -
    10. Y33; R32658
    11. 32789
    1. at
    2. -
    3. 19090
    5. epi
    6. P-·······
    7. at
    8. at
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 32792
    1. him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3DMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. Y33; R32772; Person=Jesus
    11. 32793

OET (OET-LV) And the Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa) said to_them:
The things of_Kaisar give_back to_Kaisar, and the things of_ the _god to_ the _god.
And they_were_begrudgingly_amazed at him.

OET (OET-RV) “Well then,” said Yeshua, “give to the emperor whatever is due him, but give God what is owed to God.”
¶ And they had to admit that that was an outstanding answer.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← MARK 12:17 ↑ → ► ║ ©