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OET (OET-LV) Therefore what ˓will˒_ the master of_the vineyard _be_doing?
He_will_be_coming and will_be_destroying the tenant_farmers, and will_be_giving the vineyard to_others.
OET (OET-RV) “Now, what do you think the owner of the vineyard will do? Yes, he’ll come and eliminate those evil tenants, and give the contract to others.
In 11:28 the Jewish religious leaders asked Jesus two questions about his authority. In this section Jesus used a parable to answer those question in an indirect way. The Jewish leaders showed that they understood this parable by the way they responded in 12:12.
Jesus’ parable was about a man who owned a grape farm. He told some men to farm it for him and to give him a share of the profit. However, the men refused to give the owner his share. They even mistreated his servants who came to collect the money. When the owner sent his own son, they killed him.
Jesus used the people in the parable to represent the Jewish religious leaders and their actions toward God and toward himself, God’s son. Here are the most likely meanings of the different people and things in the parable:See Ray Summers, Commentary on Luke: Jesus, the Universal Savior, 1972, on the parallel passage in Luke 20:9–19.
The owner of the grape farm | represents | God | |
The grape farm | represents | Israel and its people | |
The grape farmers | represent | the Jewish religious leaders | |
The servants | represent | God’s messengers or prophets | |
The son | represents | Jesus |
It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.
Here are some other possible headings for this section:
The parable of the vineyard and its farmers
The Parable of the Tenants in the Vineyard (GNT)
There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 21:33–46 and Luke 20:9–19.
What then will the owner of the vineyard do?
¶ So what do you(plur) think that the owner of the grape farm will do?
¶ Now then, this is what the owner of the grape garden will do.
What then will the owner of the vineyard do?: This is a rhetorical question. It makes the hearers think about what the owner in the parable should do. Although the people probably knew the answer to the question, Jesus answered it himself. Jesus used this question to direct attention to the obvious conclusion of his parable. There are at least two ways to translate this:
As a rhetorical question. For example:
Jesus then asked, “What do you think the owner of the vineyard will do?”
As a statement. For example:
Now then, here is what the owner of the vineyard will do.
Use whichever form is most natural in your language to direct attention to the conclusion of a story or parable.
then: The Greek word that the BSB translates as then connects Jesus’ question in this part of the verse to the parable he had just told. This question causes the hearers to consider what should be the conclusion of Jesus’ story. Some English versions use a result connector like “so” to do this. Other versions begin a new quote here. Consider how you would indicate such a result or conclusion in your language. Some ways to do this were given in the examples above.
He will come and kill those tenants,
He will come and kill those evil farmers,
He will come/go to his farm and cause others to kill those wicked men/farmers.
He will come: The words He will come indicate that the owner will go to his grape farm where the farmers are. In some languages it may be more natural to say, “He will go.” Make sure that you use come and “go” in a consistent way in this story. Use them in a way that is natural in your language for this context. You may also need to make explicit where the owner would go. For example:
He will come/go to his grape farm and kill those farmers
and kill those tenants: Jesus probably implied that the owner would cause other people to punish the grape farmers by killing them. So in some languages it may be better to translate this as:
and cause others to kill those grape farmers
tenants: The word tenants continues to refer to the farmers who had agreed to take care of the grape farm for the owner.
and will give the vineyard to others.
and he will put other people in charge of the grape farm.
Then he will give others the responsibility of taking care of the grape garden.
and will give the vineyard to others: This phrase will give the vineyard to others indicates that the owner would choose different people to take care of his grape farm for him. It does not indicate that the owner would give the farm away. He still would be the owner. After the owner killed the evil farmers, he would lease the farm to men who would be more faithful to him.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion
τί οὖν ποιήσει ὁ κύριος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος?
what (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τί Οὖν ποιήσει ὁ κύριος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος Ἐλεύσεται καί ἀπολέσει τούς γεωργούς καί δώσει τόν ἀμπελῶνα ἄλλοις)
Jesus is using the question form to introduce what the lord of the vineyard will do. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: [So now, listen to what the lord of the vineyard will do:] or [Let me tell you what the lord of the vineyard will do!]
Note 2 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result
τί οὖν
what (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τί Οὖν ποιήσει ὁ κύριος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος Ἐλεύσεται καί ἀπολέσει τούς γεωργούς καί δώσει τόν ἀμπελῶνα ἄλλοις)
Here, the word then introduces a rhetorical question that Jesus asks based on the story that he has told. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces this kind of question. Alternate translation: [In light of that story, what] or [Given all that, what]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / possession
ὁ κύριος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος
the master ˱of˲_the vineyard
Here, Jesus is using the possessive form to describe a lord who owns the vineyard. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: [the lord who owned the vineyard] or [the man whose vineyard it is]
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / go
ἐλεύσεται
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τί Οὖν ποιήσει ὁ κύριος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος Ἐλεύσεται καί ἀπολέσει τούς γεωργούς καί δώσει τόν ἀμπελῶνα ἄλλοις)
In a context such as this, your language might say “go” instead of come. Alternate translation: [He will go]
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
ἐλεύσεται
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τί Οὖν ποιήσει ὁ κύριος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος Ἐλεύσεται καί ἀπολέσει τούς γεωργούς καί δώσει τόν ἀμπελῶνα ἄλλοις)
Here, the phrase He will come indicates that the lord of the vineyard will return to the vineyard. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [He will return] or [He will visit them]
γεωργούς
tenant_farmers
See how you translated farmers in [12:1](../12/01.md). Alternate translation: [vine dressers] or [grape farmers]
Note 6 topic: translate-unknown
δώσει τὸν ἀμπελῶνα ἄλλοις
˓will_be˒_giving (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τί Οὖν ποιήσει ὁ κύριος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος Ἐλεύσεται καί ἀπολέσει τούς γεωργούς καί δώσει τόν ἀμπελῶνα ἄλλοις)
Here Jesus refers to the same kind of arrangement that he referred to in [12:1](../12/01.md). Express the idea as you did there. Alternate translation: [will allow other farmers to use it]
Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
ἄλλοις
˱to˲_others
The word others refers to other vine dressers who will care for the vineyard. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: [to other farmers who will care for it]
12:9 The parable concludes with two rhetorical questions (cp. 3:23, 33; 4:13; 7:18; 8:12). The first corresponds to what the “Lord of Heaven’s Armies” says in the parable of the vineyard (Isa 5:5-7). Although some interpret Jesus’ answer as meaning that God would replace the evil Jewish leaders (Mark 11:27; 12:12) with more faithful ones, Mark’s readers likely would have understood the others to whom the vineyard would be given as the Gentile church (cp. Matt 21:43; Rom 9:25-33; 11:13-24). Thus, Jesus’ parable connects with the coming destruction of Jerusalem (Mark 11:15-19; 13:1-37; 14:58; 15:29).
OET (OET-LV) Therefore what ˓will˒_ the master of_the vineyard _be_doing?
He_will_be_coming and will_be_destroying the tenant_farmers, and will_be_giving the vineyard to_others.
OET (OET-RV) “Now, what do you think the owner of the vineyard will do? Yes, he’ll come and eliminate those evil tenants, and give the contract to others.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.