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Rev 13 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18

OET interlinear REV 13:8

◄ ← REV 13:8 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Καί
    2. kai
    3. And
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y96
    11. 161668
    1. προσκυνήσουσιν
    2. proskuneō
    3. will be prostrating
    4. -
    5. 43520
    6. VIFA3··P
    7. ˓will_be˒ prostrating
    8. ˓will_be˒ prostrating
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161669
    1. αὐτῷ
    2. autos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DNS
    7. ˱before˲ it
    8. ˱before˲ it
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 161670
    1. αὐτόν
    2. autos
    3. it
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3AMS
    7. it
    8. it
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161671
    1. πάντες
    2. pas
    3. all
    4. -
    5. 39560
    6. S····NMP
    7. all
    8. all
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161672
    1. οἱ
    2. ho
    3. the ones
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····NMP
    7. the ‹ones›
    8. the ‹ones›
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161673
    1. κατοικοῦντες
    2. katoikeō
    3. dwelling
    4. living
    5. 27300
    6. VPPA·NMP
    7. dwelling
    8. dwelling
    9. -
    10. Y96; F161679; F161687
    11. 161674
    1. ἐπί
    2. epi
    3. on
    4. -
    5. 19090
    6. P·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161675
    1. τῆς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161676
    1. γῆς
    2. gē
    3. earth
    4. -
    5. 10930
    6. N····GFS
    7. earth
    8. earth
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161677
    1. οὐαί
    2. ouai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 37590
    6. I·······
    7. woe
    8. woe
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 161678
    1. οὗ
    2. hos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 37390
    6. R····GMS
    7. whom
    8. whom
    9. -
    10. R161674
    11. 161679
    1. ὧν
    2. hos
    3. whom
    4. -
    5. 37390
    6. R····GMP
    7. whom
    8. whom
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161680
    1. οὒ
    2. ou
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 37560
    6. D·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161681
    1. γέγραπται
    2. grafō
    3. has been written
    4. -
    5. 11250
    6. VIEP3··S
    7. ˓has_been˒ written
    8. ˓has_been˒ written
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161682
    1. τό
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NNS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161683
    1. τά
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NNP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 161684
    1. ὄνομα
    2. onoma
    3. name
    4. -
    5. 36860
    6. N····NNS
    7. name
    8. name
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161685
    1. ὀνόματα
    2. onoma
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 36860
    6. N····NNP
    7. names
    8. names
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 161686
    1. αὐτοῦ
    2. autos
    3. of him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y96; R161674
    11. 161687
    1. αὐτῶν
    2. autos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMP
    7. ˱of˲ them
    8. ˱of˲ them
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 161688
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. in
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161689
    1. τῷ
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DNS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 161690
    1. τῇ
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 161691
    1. βιβλίῳ
    2. biblion
    3. scroll
    4. -
    5. 9750
    6. N····DNS
    7. scroll
    8. scroll
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161692
    1. βίβλῳ
    2. biblos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 9760
    6. N····DFS
    7. scroll
    8. scroll
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 161693
    1. τῆς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161694
    1. ζωῆς
    2. zōē
    3. of life
    4. life
    5. 22220
    6. N····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ life
    8. ˱of˲ life
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161695
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GNS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161696
    1. Ἀρνίου
    2. arnion
    3. lamb
    4. -
    5. 7210
    6. N····GNS
    7. lamb
    8. Lamb
    9. G
    10. Y96
    11. 161697
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. which
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····GNS
    7. ¬which
    8. ¬which
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161698
    1. ἐσφαγμένου
    2. sfazō
    3. having been slain
    4. -
    5. 49690
    6. VPEP·GNS
    7. ˓having_been˒ slain
    8. ˓having_been˒ slain
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161699
    1. ἀπό
    2. apo
    3. from
    4. -
    5. 5750
    6. P·······
    7. from
    8. from
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161700
    1. καταβολῆς
    2. katabolē
    3. +the foundation
    4. -
    5. 26020
    6. N····GFS
    7. ˓the˒ foundation
    8. ˓the˒ foundation
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161701
    1. κόσμου
    2. kosmos
    3. of +the earth
    4. -
    5. 28890
    6. N····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ earth
    8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ earth
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161702

OET (OET-LV) And will_be_prostrating it all the ones dwelling on the earth, whom not has_been_written the name of_him in scroll of_ the _life of_the lamb, which having_been_slain from the_foundation of_the_earth.

OET (OET-RV) All the people living on the earth will worship it—all of those whose names have never been written in the lamb’s book of life since the creation of the world—the lamb who was slaughtered.[fn]

13:8 ‘since the creation of the world’ is placed to connect with ‘written’ (similar to how it is in 17:8), but the Greek grammar would also allow it to be at the end of the verse (as it is physically in the Greek) connected to ‘slaughtered’ instead (as you’ll find in some other translations).

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 13:1–10: The first beast rose from the sea

In this section, John saw a beast rise from the sea and described him. The dragon gave authority to this beast. The beast slandered God. The beast killed believers. Non-believers worshiped him.

If you followed option (2) for the textual issue at 12:17d, you should have this section heading before 12:17d.

Other examples of headings for this section are:

The beast from the sea

The beast that blasphemed God

13:8a–c

And all who dwell on the earth will worship the beast—all whose names have not been written…: All of 13:8b–c explains the meaning of the phrase all who dwell on the earth. Here it refers to all people except believers. The names of believers were written in the Book of Life. For example:

All people living on earth will worship it, except those whose names were written… (GNT)

13:8a

And all who dwell on the earth will worship the beast—

who dwell on the earth: The word who dwell refers to people living somewhere. These people who dwell lived on the earth. So this phrase refers to all people alive, except believers (13:8b–c).

13:8b

all whose names have not been written from the foundation of the world in the Book of Life

all whose names have not been written: The clause whose names have not been written is passive. Some languages must use an active or intransitive clause. Probably Jesus wrote the names, because this book is his. For example:

all whose names that the Lamb has not written

all whose names were not

from the foundation of the world: This phrase refers to when God wrote some names but did not write these names.

from: In other occurrences of the phrase “from the creation” in the NT, the word from indicates that the event in those verses occurred at or before creation. So it is likely here that these names were written at or before creation.See Revelation 17:8, Matthew 13:35 and 25:34. Therefore, some English versions use “before” to be more clear here. For example:

before the foundation of the world (RSV)

the foundation of the world: This phrase uses the noun foundation to describe an event. Some ways to translate it are:

world: The Greek word that the BSB translates as world here probably refers to all created things. For example:

universe

all that God created

creation (CEV)

the Book of Life: This phrase refers to a Book that has the names of people to whom God will give eternal Life. Some languages need to explain the word of. For example:

the book in which are the names of those who have eternal life

the book with/having the names of those to whom God will give eternal life

See how you translated this phrase in 3:5.

13:8c

belonging to the Lamb who was slain.

the Lamb who was slain: The clause who was slain tells the reader more about the Lamb. The phrase the Lamb here is the symbolic title for Jesus. In some languages a literal translation would wrongly indicate that there are other people with the symbolic title the Lamb. If that is true in your language, translate this clause so that it tells more about the Lamb. One way to do that is to start a new sentence here. For example:

the Lamb. He was slain.

the Lamb. He was killed on the cross.

the Lamb. He was killed but he lives again.

the Lamb: This is a title for Jesus. Jewish people killed a lamb at the Passover as a sacrifice to God. The lamb has symbolic meaning as a special sacrifice and is a symbol for the Christ. See how you translated this title in 5:6 or 7:14.

who was slain: This clause is passive. Some languages must use an active clause. Here it is not important to indicate who killed the Lamb. For example:

the Lamb whom people/they killed

General Comment on 13:8b–c

There are four things said here:

  1. Some people’s names were written in the Book of Life and some people’s names were not written in it.

  2. The names were written before God made the universe.

  3. That Book of Life belongs to the Lamb.

  4. The Lamb was slain.

In some languages it is more natural to use another sentence or several sentences for some of this information. For example:

all whose names have not been written in the Book of Life before the creation of the world. That book belongs to the Lamb that was slain.

all whose names have not been written in the Book of Life. That book is the Lamb’s book. He wrote the names in it before the creation of the world. He was slain but he lives again.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ὧν οὐ γέγραπται τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ βιβλίῳ τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Ἀρνίου, τοῦ ἐσφαγμένου ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου

whom (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί προσκυνήσουσιν αὐτόν πάντες οἱ κατοικοῦντες ἐπί τῆς γῆς ὧν οὒ γέγραπται τό ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐν βιβλίῳ τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Ἀρνίου τοῦ ἐσφαγμένου ἀπό καταβολῆς κόσμου)

This could mean implicitly: (1) that the Lamb was slain from the foundation of the world, that is, God’s purpose from before all time was for Jesus to give his life as a sacrifice. Alternate translation: [all whose names are not written in the Book of Life that belongs to the Lamb whom God appointed from the foundation of the world to die as a sacrifice] (2) that if a person worships the beast, this means that his name was not written in the Book of Life … from the foundation of the world. Alternate translation: [all whose names have not been written in the Book of Life of the Lamb having been slain from the foundation of the world]

Note 2 topic: grammar-collectivenouns

ὧν οὐ γέγραπται τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ

whom (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί προσκυνήσουσιν αὐτόν πάντες οἱ κατοικοῦντες ἐπί τῆς γῆς ὧν οὒ γέγραπται τό ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐν βιβλίῳ τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Ἀρνίου τοῦ ἐσφαγμένου ἀπό καταβολῆς κόσμου)

Since John is referring to a group of people, it might be more natural in your language to use the plural form of name. Alternate translation: [those whose names have not been written]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ὧν οὐ γέγραπται τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ

whom (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί προσκυνήσουσιν αὐτόν πάντες οἱ κατοικοῦντες ἐπί τῆς γῆς ὧν οὒ γέγραπται τό ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐν βιβλίῳ τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Ἀρνίου τοῦ ἐσφαγμένου ἀπό καταβολῆς κόσμου)

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the context suggests that it was God. Alternate translation: [those whose names God has not written]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

τοῦ ἐσφαγμένου

˱of˲_the ¬which ˓having_been˒_slain

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [whom God appointed to die as a sacrifice]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί προσκυνήσουσιν αὐτόν πάντες οἱ κατοικοῦντες ἐπί τῆς γῆς ὧν οὒ γέγραπται τό ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐν βιβλίῳ τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ Ἀρνίου τοῦ ἐσφαγμένου ἀπό καταβολῆς κόσμου)

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of foundation, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [since God founded the world]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. -
    3. 25320
    4. S
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y96
    11. 161668
    1. will be prostrating
    2. -
    3. 43520
    5. proskuneō
    6. V-IFA3··P
    7. ˓will_be˒ prostrating
    8. ˓will_be˒ prostrating
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161669
    1. it
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3AMS
    7. it
    8. it
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161671
    1. all
    2. -
    3. 39560
    5. pas
    6. S-····NMP
    7. all
    8. all
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161672
    1. the ones
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····NMP
    7. the ‹ones›
    8. the ‹ones›
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161673
    1. dwelling
    2. living
    3. 27300
    5. katoikeō
    6. V-PPA·NMP
    7. dwelling
    8. dwelling
    9. -
    10. Y96; F161679; F161687
    11. 161674
    1. on
    2. -
    3. 19090
    5. epi
    6. P-·······
    7. on
    8. on
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161675
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161676
    1. earth
    2. -
    3. 10930
    5. gē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. earth
    8. earth
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161677
    1. whom
    2. -
    3. 37390
    5. hos
    6. R-····GMP
    7. whom
    8. whom
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161680
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 37560
    5. ou
    6. D-·······
    7. not
    8. not
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161681
    1. has been written
    2. -
    3. 11250
    5. grafō
    6. V-IEP3··S
    7. ˓has_been˒ written
    8. ˓has_been˒ written
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161682
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NNS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161683
    1. name
    2. -
    3. 36860
    5. onoma
    6. N-····NNS
    7. name
    8. name
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161685
    1. of him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ him
    8. ˱of˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y96; R161674
    11. 161687
    1. in
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161689
    1. scroll
    2. -
    3. 9750
    5. biblion
    6. N-····DNS
    7. scroll
    8. scroll
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161692
    1. of
    2. life
    3. 22220
    5. zōē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ life
    8. ˱of˲ life
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161695
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161694
    1. life
    2. life
    3. 22220
    5. zōē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ life
    8. ˱of˲ life
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161695
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GNS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161696
    1. lamb
    2. -
    3. 7210
    4. G
    5. arnion
    6. N-····GNS
    7. lamb
    8. Lamb
    9. G
    10. Y96
    11. 161697
    1. which
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····GNS
    7. ¬which
    8. ¬which
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161698
    1. having been slain
    2. -
    3. 49690
    5. sfazō
    6. V-PEP·GNS
    7. ˓having_been˒ slain
    8. ˓having_been˒ slain
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161699
    1. from
    2. -
    3. 5750
    5. apo
    6. P-·······
    7. from
    8. from
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161700
    1. +the foundation
    2. -
    3. 26020
    5. katabolē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. ˓the˒ foundation
    8. ˓the˒ foundation
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161701
    1. of +the earth
    2. -
    3. 28890
    5. kosmos
    6. N-····GMS
    7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ earth
    8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ earth
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 161702

OET (OET-LV) And will_be_prostrating it all the ones dwelling on the earth, whom not has_been_written the name of_him in scroll of_ the _life of_the lamb, which having_been_slain from the_foundation of_the_earth.

OET (OET-RV) All the people living on the earth will worship it—all of those whose names have never been written in the lamb’s book of life since the creation of the world—the lamb who was slaughtered.[fn]

13:8 ‘since the creation of the world’ is placed to connect with ‘written’ (similar to how it is in 17:8), but the Greek grammar would also allow it to be at the end of the verse (as it is physically in the Greek) connected to ‘slaughtered’ instead (as you’ll find in some other translations).

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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