OET interlinear REV 20:4

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-pronouns

ἐκάθισαν ἐπ’ αὐτούς, καὶ κρίμα ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς,

˱they˲_sat_down on them (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί εἶδον θρόνους καί ἐκάθισαν ἐπʼ αὐτούς καί κρίμα ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς καί τάς ψυχάς τῶν πεπελεκισμένων διά τήν μαρτυρίαν Ἰησοῦ καί διά τόν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ καί οἵτινες οὒ προσεκύνησαν τό θηρίον οὐδέ τήν εἰκόνα αὐτοῦ καί οὐκ ἔλαβον τό χάραγμα ἐπί τό μέτωπον καί ἐπί τήν χεῖρα αὐτῶν καί ἔζησαν καί ἐβασίλευσαν μετά τοῦ Χριστοῦ Χιλία ἔτη)

The pronouns they and them refer to people whom John describes in the rest of the verse. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: [and these are the ones who sat on them and to whom judgment was given:]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

κρίμα ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς

judgment ˓was˒_given ˱to˲_them

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the context suggests that it was God. Alternate translation: [God gave judgment to them]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

κρίμα ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς

judgment ˓was˒_given ˱to˲_them

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of judgment, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [God gave them authority to judge]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

τῶν πεπελεκισμένων

˱of˲_the_‹ones› ˓having_been˒_beheaded

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [of the ones whom the Roman government had beheaded]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / parallelism

διὰ τὴν μαρτυρίαν Ἰησοῦ, καὶ διὰ τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί εἶδον θρόνους καί ἐκάθισαν ἐπʼ αὐτούς καί κρίμα ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς καί τάς ψυχάς τῶν πεπελεκισμένων διά τήν μαρτυρίαν Ἰησοῦ καί διά τόν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ καί οἵτινες οὒ προσεκύνησαν τό θηρίον οὐδέ τήν εἰκόνα αὐτοῦ καί οὐκ ἔλαβον τό χάραγμα ἐπί τό μέτωπον καί ἐπί τήν χεῖρα αὐτῶν καί ἔζησαν καί ἐβασίλευσαν μετά τοῦ Χριστοῦ Χιλία ἔτη)

These two phrases mean similar things. John is using repetition to emphasize the idea that the phrases express. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine them. Alternate translation: [for proclaiming the message from God about Jesus]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

τὴν μαρτυρίαν Ἰησοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί εἶδον θρόνους καί ἐκάθισαν ἐπʼ αὐτούς καί κρίμα ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς καί τάς ψυχάς τῶν πεπελεκισμένων διά τήν μαρτυρίαν Ἰησοῦ καί διά τόν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ καί οἵτινες οὒ προσεκύνησαν τό θηρίον οὐδέ τήν εἰκόνα αὐτοῦ καί οὐκ ἔλαβον τό χάραγμα ἐπί τό μέτωπον καί ἐπί τήν χεῖρα αὐτῶν καί ἔζησαν καί ἐβασίλευσαν μετά τοῦ Χριστοῦ Χιλία ἔτη)

In this possessive form, Jesus is the object rather than the subject of testimony. That is, this does not mean testimony that Jesus gives; it means testimony that people give about their faith in Jesus. Alternate translation: [testifying to Jesus]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί εἶδον θρόνους καί ἐκάθισαν ἐπʼ αὐτούς καί κρίμα ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς καί τάς ψυχάς τῶν πεπελεκισμένων διά τήν μαρτυρίαν Ἰησοῦ καί διά τόν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ καί οἵτινες οὒ προσεκύνησαν τό θηρίον οὐδέ τήν εἰκόνα αὐτοῦ καί οὐκ ἔλαβον τό χάραγμα ἐπί τό μέτωπον καί ἐπί τήν χεῖρα αὐτῶν καί ἔζησαν καί ἐβασίλευσαν μετά τοῦ Χριστοῦ Χιλία ἔτη)

John is using the term word to mean the message that these believers had shared by using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [sharing the message from God]

Note 8 topic: grammar-collectivenouns

ἐπὶ τὸ μέτωπον, καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν χεῖρα αὐτῶν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί εἶδον θρόνους καί ἐκάθισαν ἐπʼ αὐτούς καί κρίμα ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς καί τάς ψυχάς τῶν πεπελεκισμένων διά τήν μαρτυρίαν Ἰησοῦ καί διά τόν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ καί οἵτινες οὒ προσεκύνησαν τό θηρίον οὐδέ τήν εἰκόνα αὐτοῦ καί οὐκ ἔλαβον τό χάραγμα ἐπί τό μέτωπον καί ἐπί τήν χεῖρα αὐτῶν καί ἔζησαν καί ἐβασίλευσαν μετά τοῦ Χριστοῦ Χιλία ἔτη)

In this verse, the words forehead and hand are singular in form, but they refer to all of them as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: [on their foreheads or on their hands]