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interlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA PSA AMOS HOS 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH PRO ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC GAL 1TH 2TH 1COR 2COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1TIM TIT 1PET 2PET 2TIM HEB YUD 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN REV
Rev C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22
Rev 20 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V13 V14 V15
OET (OET-LV) And I_saw the dead, the great and the small, having_stood before the throne, and scrolls were_opened_up, and another scroll was_opened_up, which is of_the scroll of_life.
And were_judged the dead out_of the things having_been_written in the scrolls according_to the works of_them.
OET (OET-RV) Then I saw the dead—both prominent people and the lowly—standing before the throne, and some books were opened and then another book was opened—the book of life. Then the dead were judged from the things written in the books according to what they’d done.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj
τοὺς νεκρούς & οἱ νεκροὶ
the dead & the dead
John is using the adjective dead as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [the people who had died … the people who had died]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
καὶ μεγάλους καὶ τοὺς μικρούς
and and and and and (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καὶ εἶδον τοὺς νεκρούς τοὺς μεγάλους καὶ τοὺς μικρούς ἑστῶτας ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου καὶ βιβλία ἠνοίχθησαν καὶ ἄλλο βιβλίον ἠνεῴχθη ὅ ἐστιν τῆς ζωῆς καὶ ἐκρίθησαν οἱ νεκροὶ ἐκ τῶν γεγραμμένων ἐν τοῖς βιβλίοις κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν)
The voice is speaking as if important people were literally large or great and as if unimportant people were literally small. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [both the important and the unimportant]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj
καὶ μεγάλους καὶ τοὺς μικρούς
and and and and and (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καὶ εἶδον τοὺς νεκρούς τοὺς μεγάλους καὶ τοὺς μικρούς ἑστῶτας ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου καὶ βιβλία ἠνοίχθησαν καὶ ἄλλο βιβλίον ἠνεῴχθη ὅ ἐστιν τῆς ζωῆς καὶ ἐκρίθησαν οἱ νεκροὶ ἐκ τῶν γεγραμμένων ἐν τοῖς βιβλίοις κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν)
The voice is using the adjectives great and small as nouns to mean certain kinds of people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate these words with equivalent phrases. Alternate translation: [both important people and unimportant people]
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / merism
καὶ μεγάλους καὶ τοὺς μικρούς
and and and and and (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καὶ εἶδον τοὺς νεκρούς τοὺς μεγάλους καὶ τοὺς μικρούς ἑστῶτας ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου καὶ βιβλία ἠνοίχθησαν καὶ ἄλλο βιβλίον ἠνεῴχθη ὅ ἐστιν τῆς ζωῆς καὶ ἐκρίθησαν οἱ νεκροὶ ἐκ τῶν γεγραμμένων ἐν τοῖς βιβλίοις κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν)
The voice is using two kinds of people, great and small, to mean all kinds of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [people of every status]
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
βιβλία ἠνοίχθησαν; καὶ ἄλλο βιβλίον ἠνεῴχθη
scrolls ˓were˒_opened_up and another scroll ˓was˒_opened_up
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the context suggests that it was God. Alternate translation: [God opened books, and God opened another book]
Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
ἐκρίθησαν οἱ νεκροὶ ἐκ τῶν γεγραμμένων ἐν τοῖς βιβλίοις
˓were˒_judged the dead out_of the_‹things› ˓having_been˒_written in the scrolls
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the context suggests that it was God. Alternate translation: [God judged the dead from the things he had written in the books]
Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj
τοὺς νεκρούς & οἱ νεκροὶ
the dead & the dead
John is using the adjective dead as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: [the people who had died … the people who had died]
20:12 books were opened: See Ps 56:8; Dan 7:10.
• The Book of Life holds the names of faithful people who have experienced God’s saving power (Mal 3:16; see Rev 3:5; 13:8; 17:8; 20:15); they are probably the same ones as those who experience the “first resurrection” (20:5-6).
• And the dead were judged: The works of both the redeemed and the unredeemed will be judged (see 22:12; Matt 16:27; 25:31-46).
OET (OET-LV) And I_saw the dead, the great and the small, having_stood before the throne, and scrolls were_opened_up, and another scroll was_opened_up, which is of_the scroll of_life.
And were_judged the dead out_of the things having_been_written in the scrolls according_to the works of_them.
OET (OET-RV) Then I saw the dead—both prominent people and the lowly—standing before the throne, and some books were opened and then another book was opened—the book of life. Then the dead were judged from the things written in the books according to what they’d done.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the SR-GNT.