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Eph C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6

Eph 2 V1 V2 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22

OET interlinear EPH 2:3

◄ ← EPH 2:3 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. among
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. among
    8. among
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128489
    1. οἷς
    2. hos
    3. whom
    4. -
    5. 37390
    6. R····DMP
    7. whom
    8. whom
    9. -
    10. Y64; R128486
    11. 128490
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. also
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. D·······
    7. also
    8. also
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128491
    1. ὑμεῖς
    2. su
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 47710
    6. R···2N·P
    7. you_all
    8. you_all
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 128492
    1. ἡμεῖς
    2. egō
    3. we
    4. -
    5. 14730
    6. R···1N·P
    7. we
    8. we
    9. -
    10. Y64; R127999; Person=Paul; R128008; R128347
    11. 128493
    1. πάντες
    2. pas
    3. all
    4. -
    5. 39560
    6. S····NMP
    7. all
    8. all
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128494
    1. ἀνεστράφημεν
    2. anastrefō
    3. were conducted
    4. -
    5. 3900
    6. VIAP1··P
    7. ˓were˒ conducted
    8. ˓were˒ conducted
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128495
    1. ποτέ
    2. pote
    3. once
    4. -
    5. 42180
    6. D·······
    7. once
    8. once
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128496
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. in
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128497
    1. ταῖς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····DFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128498
    1. ἐπιθυμίαις
    2. epithumia
    3. desires
    4. -
    5. 19390
    6. N····DFP
    7. desires
    8. desires
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128499
    1. ἐπιθυμίας
    2. epithumia
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 19390
    6. N····AFP
    7. desires
    8. desires
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 128500
    1. τῆς
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128501
    1. σαρκός
    2. sarka
    3. flesh
    4. -
    5. 45610
    6. N····GFS
    7. flesh
    8. flesh
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128502
    1. ἡμῶν
    2. egō
    3. of us
    4. our
    5. 14730
    6. R···1G·P
    7. ˱of˲ us
    8. ˱of˲ us
    9. -
    10. Y64; R127999; Person=Paul; R128008; R128347
    11. 128503
    1. ποιοῦντες
    2. poieō
    3. doing
    4. -
    5. 41600
    6. VPPA·NMP
    7. doing
    8. doing
    9. -
    10. Y64; R127999; Person=Paul; R128008; R128347
    11. 128504
    1. τά
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····ANP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128505
    1. θελήματα
    2. thelēma
    3. desires
    4. -
    5. 23070
    6. N····ANP
    7. desires
    8. desires
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128506
    1. τῆς
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128507
    1. σαρκός
    2. sarka
    3. flesh
    4. -
    5. 45610
    6. N····GFS
    7. flesh
    8. flesh
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128508
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128509
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. of its
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFP
    7. ˱of˲ its
    8. ˱of˲ its
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128510
    1. διανοιῶν
    2. dianoia
    3. minds
    4. -
    5. 12710
    6. N····GFP
    7. minds
    8. minds
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128511
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128512
    1. ἦμεν
    2. eimi
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIIA1··P
    7. ˱we˲ were
    8. ˱we˲ were
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 128513
    1. ἤμεθα
    2. eimi
    3. we were
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIIM1··P
    7. ˱we˲ were
    8. ˱we˲ were
    9. -
    10. Y64; R127999; Person=Paul; R128008; R128347
    11. 128514
    1. τέκνα
    2. teknon
    3. children
    4. children
    5. 50430
    6. N····NNP
    7. children
    8. children
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128515
    1. φύσει
    2. fusis
    3. by nature
    4. -
    5. 54490
    6. N····DFS
    7. ˱by˲ nature
    8. ˱by˲ nature
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128516
    1. τέκνα
    2. teknon
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 50430
    6. N····NNP
    7. children
    8. children
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 128517
    1. ὀργῆς
    2. orgē
    3. of severe anger
    4. anger
    5. 37090
    6. N····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ severe_anger
    8. ˱of˲ wrath
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128518
    1. ὡς
    2. hōs
    3. as
    4. -
    5. 56130
    6. C·······
    7. as
    8. as
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128519
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. even
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. D·······
    7. even
    8. even
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128520
    1. οἱ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128521
    1. λοιποί
    2. loipos
    3. rest
    4. -
    5. 30620
    6. S····NMP
    7. rest
    8. rest
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128522

OET (OET-LV) among whom also we all were_conducted once in the desires of_the flesh of_us, doing the desires of_the flesh and of_its minds, and we_were children by_nature of_severe_anger, as even the rest.

OET (OET-RV) In the past, we also lived like them inside our fleshly lusts and then living out those desires and fantasies, and so we were children deserving strong anger just like everyone else.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 2:1–10: God saved us by his grace

In this section Paul explained how the power of God, which he described in 1:19–20, changed the lives of the Ephesians. 2:1–3 describes their condition before they became believers. 2:4–10 describes the new life that God gave to them. Paul stressed that God has done many things for them because he is kind, so they should not be proud.

Here are some other examples for a heading for this section:

Made alive in Christ (NLT)

From Death to life (GNT, CEV)

God Saved Us Because of His Great Love for Us (GW)

Because God is loving and kind he saved us(incl)

Paragraph 2:1–3

In this paragraph, Paul described the condition of the Ephesians before they became Christians. They were spiritually “dead” because of their sins, Satan controlled them, and God was angry with them.

To begin this paragraph, a good model to follow is the GNT. The GNT starts this paragraph with the phrase “in the past” to show that Paul was talking about the former condition of the Ephesians. The CEV and NCV also begin this paragraph in the same way. Some other ways you can make this implied information clear are:

As for you, formerly you were dead

As for you, before you believed you were dead

2:3a

All of us also lived among them at one time,

All of us: In 2:1–2, Paul was talking about the Ephesian Christians, who were not Jews. But in this verse he includes himself also. So the phrase All of us refers to both Jews and non-Jews.

lived among them: The pronoun them refers to those people who are disobedient in 2:2c.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

were like them (GNT)

behaved like them

as they did so we(incl) also did

at one time: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as at one time is one word in Greek and it means “in the past.” It refers to a time before they believed in Christ.

This time word can also be put earlier in the clause. For example:

In the past all of us lived like them (CEV)

All of us once lived among them in the passions of our flesh (RSV)

2:3b

fulfilling the cravings of our flesh

fulfilling the cravings of our flesh: The Greek word that the BSB translates as fulfilling literally means “doing” or “making.” In this context it means to do the sinful things we desire to do.

cravings: The word cravings refers to very strong desires. In this context, it refers to lusts or selfish desires.

Here are some other ways to translate this word:

desires to sin

ungodly wants

flesh: The Greek word that the BSB literally translates as flesh refers to the evil/selfish character of humans. See flesh, Meaning 6 in the Glossary for more information.

Here are some other ways to translate this clause:

doing whatever suited the wishes of our own bodies and minds (GNT)

following the passions and desires of our evil nature (NLT96)

trying to please our sinful selves (NCV)

2:3c

and indulging its desires and thoughts.

This verse part restates the same idea that is found in 2:3b.

indulging its desires and thoughts: The pronoun its refers to the sinful nature in 2:3b.

indulging: The Greek participle that the BSB translates as indulging is literally “doing.” It is another way of expressing “fulfilling” in 2:3b. People did whatever their sinful nature caused them to want to do.

desires and thoughts: The phrase desires and thoughts is similar in meaning to “cravings” in 2:3b.

Here is another way to translate this phrase:

doing the evil we want to do and think about

2:3d

Like the rest, we were by nature children of wrath.

Like the rest: The phrase Like the rest means that the Ephesians and Jews were just like all the other people in the world.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

just like everyone else (NLT)

We were the same as all other people (NCV)

as they did so have all of us(incl) done

by nature: The phrase by nature refers to the condition that believers were in before God showed them mercy. They were naturally sinful.

Here are some other ways this phrase has been translated:

We were born with an evil nature (NLT96)

In our natural condition (GNT)

children of wrath: The Greek phrase that the BSB literally translates as children of wrath is a Jewish figure of speech that means “deserving of or subject to God’s wrath.” The word wrath means “anger.” In the New Testament, the word translated as wrath often represents the idea of punishment. So the idea of punishment is also implied in this phrase. See the second meaning line of the display for an example of including this implied information.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

subject to God’s anger (NLT)

destined to suffer God’s anger (GNT)

people whom God would punish

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

τὰ θελήματα τῆς σαρκὸς καὶ τῶν διανοιῶν

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐν οἷς καί ἡμεῖς πάντες ἀνεστράφημεν ποτέ ἐν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις τῆς σαρκός ἡμῶν ποιοῦντες τά θελήματα τῆς σαρκός καί τῶν διανοιῶν καί ἤμεθα τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς ὡς καί οἱ λοιποί)

The words body and minds represent the entire person. Alternate translation: [the selfish things that people want to do]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

τέκνα & ὀργῆς

children & ˱of˲_wrath

Alternate translation: [people with whom God is angry]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

2:3 Unconverted people are naturally under the control of the passionate desires and inclinations of our sinful nature (see Rom 3:9-20, 23). Because of their sin, they are subject to God’s anger, because God hates sin (see Eph 5:6; Rom 1:18; 2:5, 8; 3:5, 19; 4:15; 5:9; 9:22; 12:19; 13:4-5; Col 3:6; 1 Thes 1:10; 2:16; 5:9).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. among
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. among
    8. among
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128489
    1. whom
    2. -
    3. 37390
    5. hos
    6. R-····DMP
    7. whom
    8. whom
    9. -
    10. Y64; R128486
    11. 128490
    1. also
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. D-·······
    7. also
    8. also
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128491
    1. we
    2. -
    3. 14730
    5. egō
    6. R-···1N·P
    7. we
    8. we
    9. -
    10. Y64; R127999; Person=Paul; R128008; R128347
    11. 128493
    1. all
    2. -
    3. 39560
    5. pas
    6. S-····NMP
    7. all
    8. all
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128494
    1. were conducted
    2. -
    3. 3900
    5. anastrefō
    6. V-IAP1··P
    7. ˓were˒ conducted
    8. ˓were˒ conducted
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128495
    1. once
    2. -
    3. 42180
    5. pote
    6. D-·······
    7. once
    8. once
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128496
    1. in
    2. -
    3. 17220
    5. en
    6. P-·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128497
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····DFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128498
    1. desires
    2. -
    3. 19390
    5. epithumia
    6. N-····DFP
    7. desires
    8. desires
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128499
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128501
    1. flesh
    2. -
    3. 45610
    5. sarka
    6. N-····GFS
    7. flesh
    8. flesh
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128502
    1. of us
    2. our
    3. 14730
    5. egō
    6. R-···1G·P
    7. ˱of˲ us
    8. ˱of˲ us
    9. -
    10. Y64; R127999; Person=Paul; R128008; R128347
    11. 128503
    1. doing
    2. -
    3. 41600
    5. poieō
    6. V-PPA·NMP
    7. doing
    8. doing
    9. -
    10. Y64; R127999; Person=Paul; R128008; R128347
    11. 128504
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····ANP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128505
    1. desires
    2. -
    3. 23070
    5. thelēma
    6. N-····ANP
    7. desires
    8. desires
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128506
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128507
    1. flesh
    2. -
    3. 45610
    5. sarka
    6. N-····GFS
    7. flesh
    8. flesh
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128508
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128509
    1. of its
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFP
    7. ˱of˲ its
    8. ˱of˲ its
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128510
    1. minds
    2. -
    3. 12710
    5. dianoia
    6. N-····GFP
    7. minds
    8. minds
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128511
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128512
    1. we were
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IIM1··P
    7. ˱we˲ were
    8. ˱we˲ were
    9. -
    10. Y64; R127999; Person=Paul; R128008; R128347
    11. 128514
    1. children
    2. children
    3. 50430
    5. teknon
    6. N-····NNP
    7. children
    8. children
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128515
    1. by nature
    2. -
    3. 54490
    5. fusis
    6. N-····DFS
    7. ˱by˲ nature
    8. ˱by˲ nature
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128516
    1. of severe anger
    2. anger
    3. 37090
    5. orgē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ severe_anger
    8. ˱of˲ wrath
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128518
    1. as
    2. -
    3. 56130
    5. hōs
    6. C-·······
    7. as
    8. as
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128519
    1. even
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. D-·······
    7. even
    8. even
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128520
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128521
    1. rest
    2. -
    3. 30620
    5. loipos
    6. S-····NMP
    7. rest
    8. rest
    9. -
    10. Y64
    11. 128522

OET (OET-LV) among whom also we all were_conducted once in the desires of_the flesh of_us, doing the desires of_the flesh and of_its minds, and we_were children by_nature of_severe_anger, as even the rest.

OET (OET-RV) In the past, we also lived like them inside our fleshly lusts and then living out those desires and fantasies, and so we were children deserving strong anger just like everyone else.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← EPH 2:3 ↑ → ► ║ ©