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interlinearVerse INT GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH EZRA NEH EST JOB PSA PRO ECC SNG ISA JER LAM EZE DAN HOS JOEL AMOS OBA YNA MIC NAH HAB ZEP HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs ROM 1COR 2COR GAL EPH PHP COL 1TH 2TH 1TIM 2TIM TIT PHM HEB YAC 1PET 2PET 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN YUD REV
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OET (OET-LV) and thus fearful was the thing being_manifested, that_Mōsaʸs/(Mosheh) said:
Terrified I_am and trembling.
OET (OET-RV) Even Mosheh, when he saw how frightening everything was he said, “I’m trembling because I am afraid!”
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
τὸ φανταζόμενον
the_‹thing› /being/_manifested
Here, the phrase the thing being made visible refers to everything that went along with God appearing on Mount Sinai. The author is referring back to everything he described in 12:18–19. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make what these things are more explicit. Alternate translation: “everything I have described being made visible”
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
τὸ φανταζόμενον
the_‹thing› /being/_manifested
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The author uses the passive form here to focus on what was made visible rather than on the person making it visible. If you must state who did the action, the author implies that God did it. Alternate translation: “the thing that God made visible”
Note 3 topic: writing-quotations
εἶπεν
said
Here, the author could be referring to Deuteronomy 9:19, where Moses expresses fear when the people make an idol and worship it. On the other hand, the author could be referring to Exodus 3:6, which describes how Moses “trembled” when God appeared to him in a burning bush. Most likely, the author is simply describing Moses’ reaction to what he experienced without quoting directly from any Old Testament passage. Introduce the quotation as words that Moses said, and if it would be helpful to your readers, you could include a footnote that references one or both of the passages that the quotation could refer to. Alternate translation: “spoke”
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet
ἔκφοβός & καὶ ἔντρομος
terrified & and trembling
Here, the words terrified and trembling function together to show that Moses was very afraid. It is likely that terrified describes how Moses felt, while trembling describes what happened when he felt terrified. If you do not have two words for these categories, you could use a single word or phrase to identify God as the creator of the city. Alternate translation: “terrified so that I tremble” or “very afraid”
12:18-24 This passage contrasts the old covenant with the new. The old covenant, represented by Mount Sinai (12:18-21), is depicted as impersonal, intimidating, and unapproachable; it booms, flashes, and terrifies. The new covenant, represented by Mount Zion (12:22-24), is depicted as relational, welcoming, and celebratory.
OET (OET-LV) and thus fearful was the thing being_manifested, that_Mōsaʸs/(Mosheh) said:
Terrified I_am and trembling.
OET (OET-RV) Even Mosheh, when he saw how frightening everything was he said, “I’m trembling because I am afraid!”
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the SR-GNT.