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interlinearVerse INT GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH EZRA NEH EST JOB PSA PRO ECC SNG ISA JER LAM EZE DAN HOS JOEL AMOS OBA YNA MIC NAH HAB ZEP HAG ZEC MAL YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs ROM 1COR 2COR GAL EPH PHP COL 1TH 2TH 1TIM 2TIM TIT PHM HEB YAC 1PET 2PET 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN YUD REV
Rom C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16
Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases
δὲ
and
Now here indicates that what follows in verses 4–5 is an explanation of the scripture quotation in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “In fact,” or “Certainly,”
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / extrainfo
τῷ & ἐργαζομένῳ
˱to˲_the_‹one› & working
Here, the one who works refers to a hypothetical person who obeys the laws God gave through Moses and is “made righteous by works” (See: 4:2). However, since the meaning of verses 4–5 is given in the next verse, you do not need to explain its meaning further here.
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
ὁ μισθὸς οὐ λογίζεται κατὰ χάριν
the reward not /is_being/_reckoned by grace
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he does not consider his wage as grace” or “he does not regard his pay as grace”
κατὰ χάριν & κατὰ ὀφείλημα
by grace & by debt
Alternate translation: “as a matter of grace … as a matter of obligation” or “as a gift … as an obligation”
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns
κατὰ χάριν & κατὰ ὀφείλημα
by grace & by debt
If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of grace and obligation, you could express the same ideas with different forms. Alternate translation: “as what is gracious … as what is owed” or “as something gifted … as something owed”
4:4-5 The logic of these verses is as follows: (1) The stated premise is that when people work, their pay is what they have earned, not a gift. (2) The unstated premise is that God is never indebted to his creatures (because they owe him everything), so anything he gives them is a gift (see also 9:14-16). (3) The conclusion is that therefore, people cannot be declared righteous before God because of their works.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the SR-GNT.