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parallelVerse INT GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOS JDG RUTH 1SA 2SA PSA AMOS HOS 1KI 2KI 1CH 2CH PRO ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL JOB YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC GAL 1TH 2TH 1COR 2COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1TIM TIT 1PET 2PET 2TIM HEB YUD 1YHN 2YHN 3YHN REV
Rev Intro C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21 C22
Rev 3 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22
Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed for doing comparisons of different translations. Click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.
Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)
OET (OET-RV) To the assembly’s messenger in Sardis write:
¶ The one having the seven spirits of God and the seven stars says these things: “I know what you’re achieving and that you have a reputation of being ‘alive’, but you’re actually dead.
OET-LV And to_the messenger of_the in Sardeis assembly write:
These things is_saying the one having the seven spirits of_ the _god and the seven stars:
I_have_known of_you the works, that the_name you_are_having, that you_are_living, and_yet dead you_are.
SR-GNT Καὶ τῷ ἀγγέλῳ τῆς ἐν Σάρδεσιν ἐκκλησίας γράψον: ‘Τάδε λέγει ὁ ἔχων τὰ ἑπτὰ πνεύματα τοῦ ˚Θεοῦ καὶ τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἀστέρας: “Οἶδά σου τὰ ἔργα, ὅτι ὄνομα ἔχεις, ὅτι ζῇς, καὶ νεκρὸς εἶ. ‡
(Kai tōi angelōi taʸs en Sardesin ekklaʸsias grapson: ‘Tade legei ho eⱪōn ta hepta pneumata tou ˚Theou kai tous hepta asteras: “Oida sou ta erga, hoti onoma eⱪeis, hoti zaʸs, kai nekros ei.)
Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, orange:accusative/object, pink:genitive/possessor, cyan:dative/indirect object.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
ULT And to the angel of the church in Sardis write:
¶ ‘The one having the seven spirits of God and the seven stars says these things: “I know your works, that you have a name that you are alive, but you are dead.
UST Write this message to the angel of the group of believers in the city of Sardis: ‘I am the one who has the seven spirits of God and the seven stars. I have these things to say to you: “I am aware of what you are doing. You have a reputation for being spiritually vigorous. However, you are not really acting out of zeal for me.
BSB § “To the angel of the church in Sardis write:
¶ These are the words of the One who holds the seven Spirits [fn] of God and the seven stars.
¶ I know your deeds; you have a reputation for being alive, yet you are dead.
3:1 Or the sevenfold Spirit
BLB And to the messenger of the church in Sardis write: These things says the One having the seven Spirits of God and the seven stars. I know your deeds, that you have the characterization that you are alive, and yet you are dead.
AICNT And to the angel of the church in Sardis write: “These things says the one who has the [seven][fn] spirits of God and the seven stars: I know your deeds, that you have {a}[fn] name that you live, and you are dead.
OEB ¶ ‘To the angel of the church in Sardis write:
¶ These are the words of him who has the seven spirits of God and the seven stars; – I know your life, and that people say of you that you are living, though you are dead.
WEBBE “And to the angel of the assembly in Sardis write:
¶ “He who has the seven Spirits of God and the seven stars says these things:
¶ “I know your works, that you have a reputation of being alive, but you are dead.
WMBB (Same as above)
NET “To the angel of the church in Sardis write the following:
¶ “This is the solemn pronouncement of the one who holds the seven spirits of God and the seven stars: ‘I know your deeds, that you have a reputation that you are alive, but in reality you are dead.
LSV “And to the messenger of the assembly in Sardis write: These things says He who is having the Seven Spirits of God, and the seven stars: I have known your works, and that you have the name that you live, and you are dead;
FBV “Write this to the angel of the Sardis church: This is what the one who has the seven Spirits of God and the seven stars says: I know what you have accomplished, and that you give the appearance of being alive—but in reality you are dead.
TCNT “To the angel of the church in Sardis write: ‘These are the words of him who has the [fn]seven spirits of God and the seven stars: I know yoʋr works; yoʋ have a [fn]reputation for being alive, but yoʋ are dead.
T4T “Write this message to the leader [MET] of the congregation in Sardis city: ‘I am saying these things to you. I am the one who can give to people all the power of God’s Spirit (OR, in whom is the Spirit of God who has all kinds of power; OR, who has God’s Spirit, who is symbolized as seven spirits), and I am the one who has the seven stars. I know everything that you have done. You (pl) appear to be alive spiritually, but you are so weak spiritually it is as though you are dead [MET].
LEB “And to the angel of the church in Sardis write:“This is what the one who has the seven spirits of God and the seven stars says: ‘I know your works, that you have a name that you are alive, and you are dead.
BBE And to the angel of the church in Sardis say: These things says he who has the seven Spirits of God and the seven stars: I have knowledge of your works, that you seem to be living but are dead.
Moff No Moff REV book available
Wymth "To the minister of the Church at Sardis write as follows: "`This is what He who has the seven Spirits of God and the seven stars says. I know your doings—you are supposed to be alive, but in reality you are dead.
ASV And to the angel of the church in Sardis write:
¶ These things saith he that hath the seven Spirits of God, and the seven stars: I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and thou art dead.
DRA And to the angel of the church of Sardis, write: These things saith he, that hath the seven spirits of God, and the seven stars: I know thy works, that thou hast the name of being alive: and thou art dead.
YLT And to the messenger of the assembly in Sardis write: These things saith he who is having the Seven Spirits of God, and the seven stars: I have known thy works, and that thou hast the name that thou dost live, and thou art dead;
Drby And to the angel of the assembly in Sardis write: These things saith he that has the seven Spirits of [fn]God, and the seven stars: I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead.
3.1 Elohim
RV And to the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith he that hath the seven Spirits of God, and the seven stars: I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and thou art dead.
Wbstr And to the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith he that hath the seven Spirits of God, and the seven stars; I know thy works, that thou hast a name, that thou livest, and art dead.
KJB-1769 And unto the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith he that hath the seven Spirits of God, and the seven stars; I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead.
( And unto the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith/says he that hath/has the seven Spirits of God, and the seven stars; I know thy/your works, that thou/you hast a name that thou/you livest, and art dead. )
KJB-1611 ¶ And vnto the Angel of the Church in Sardis write, These things saith he that hath the seuen Spirits of God, & the seuen starres; I know thy workes, that thou hast a name that thou liuest, and art dead.
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from capitalisation and punctuation)
Bshps And write vnto the Angel of the Churche that is at Sardis, this sayth he that hath the seuen spirites of God, and the seuen starres. I knowe thy workes: thou hast a name that thou lyuest, and thou art dead.
(And write unto the Angel of the Church that is at Sardis, this saith/says he that hath/has the seven spirits of God, and the seven stars. I know thy/your works: thou/you hast a name that thou/you livest, and thou/you art dead.)
Gnva ANd write vnto the Angel of the Church which is at Sardis, These things saith he that hath the seuen Spirits of God, and the seuen starres, I knowe thy workes: for thou hast a name that thou liuest, but thou art dead.
(ANd write unto the Angel of the Church which is at Sardis, These things saith/says he that hath/has the seven Spirits of God, and the seven stars, I know thy/your works: for thou/you hast a name that thou/you livest, but thou/you art dead. )
Cvdl And wryte vnto the angell of the congregacion off Sardis: this sayth he that hath the seuen spretes of God, & the seuen starres. I knowe thy workes, thou hast a name that thou lyuest, and thou art deed.
(And write unto the angell of the congregation off Sardis: this saith/says he that hath/has the seven spirits of God, and the seven stars. I know thy/your works, thou/you hast a name that thou/you livest, and thou/you art dead.)
TNT And wryte vnto the messenger of the congregacion of Sardis: this sayth he that hath the sprete of god and the vii. starres. I knowe thy workes thou haste a name that thou lvyest and thou art deed.
(And write unto the messenger of the congregation of Sardis: this saith/says he that hath/has the spirit of god and the 7 stars. I know thy/your works thou/you haste a name that thou/you lvyest and thou/you art dead. )
Wycl And to the aungel of the chirche of Sardis write thou, These thingis seith he, that hath the seuene spiritis of God, and the seuene sterris. Y woot thi werkis, for thou hast a name, that thou lyuest, and thou art deed.
(And to the angel of the church of Sardis write thou/you, These things saith/says he, that hath/has the seven spirits of God, and the seven sterris. I know thy/your works, for thou/you hast a name, that thou/you livest, and thou/you art dead.)
Luth Und dem Engel der Gemeinde zu Sardes schreibe: Das saget, der die Geister Gottes hat und die sieben Sterne: Ich weiß deine Werke; denn du hast den Namen, daß du lebest, und bist tot.
(And to_him angel the/of_the Gemeinde to Sardes schreibe: The saget, the/of_the the spiriter God’s has and the seven Sterne: I know your Werke; because you have the name(s), that you lebest, and are tot.)
ClVg Et angelo ecclesiæ Sardis scribe: Hæc dicit qui habet septem spiritus Dei, et septem stellas: Scio opera tua, quia nomen habes quod vivas, et mortuus es.[fn]
(And angelo ecclesiæ Sardis scribe: This dicit who habet seven spiritus of_God, and seven stellas: Scio opera tua, because nomen habes that vivas, and dead es. )
3.1 Et angelo Ecclesiæ Sardis. Sardis principium pulchritudinis interpretatur, et per hoc is significatur qui primum nihil vel parum virtutis habet, deinde fit turpis per vitia; vel intelliguntur hypocritæ qui extra pulchri, intus deformes. Scio opera tua. Et scio quod in omnibus operibus tuis quæris humanam laudem.
3.1 And angelo Ecclesiæ Sardis. Sardis principium pulchritudinis interpretatur, and through this is significatur who primum nihil or parum of_virtue habet, deinde fit turpis through vitia; or intelliguntur hypocritæ who extra pulchri, intus deformes. Scio opera your. And scio that in to_all operibus tuis quæris humanam laudem.
UGNT καὶ τῷ ἀγγέλῳ τῆς ἐν Σάρδεσιν ἐκκλησίας γράψον: τάδε λέγει ὁ ἔχων τὰ ἑπτὰ πνεύματα τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἀστέρας: οἶδά σου τὰ ἔργα, ὅτι ὄνομα ἔχεις ὅτι ζῇς, καὶ νεκρὸς εἶ.
(kai tōi angelōi taʸs en Sardesin ekklaʸsias grapson: tade legei ho eⱪōn ta hepta pneumata tou Theou kai tous hepta asteras: oida sou ta erga, hoti onoma eⱪeis hoti zaʸs, kai nekros ei.)
SBL-GNT Καὶ τῷ ἀγγέλῳ τῆς ἐν Σάρδεσιν ἐκκλησίας γράψον· Τάδε λέγει ὁ ἔχων τὰ ἑπτὰ πνεύματα τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἀστέρας· Οἶδά σου τὰ ἔργα, ὅτι ὄνομα ἔχεις ὅτι ζῇς, καὶ νεκρὸς εἶ.
(Kai tōi angelōi taʸs en Sardesin ekklaʸsias grapson; Tade legei ho eⱪōn ta hepta pneumata tou theou kai tous hepta asteras; Oida sou ta erga, hoti onoma eⱪeis hoti zaʸs, kai nekros ei.)
TC-GNT Καὶ τῷ ἀγγέλῳ τῆς ἐν Σάρδεσιν ἐκκλησίας γράψον, Τάδε λέγει ὁ ἔχων τὰ [fn]ἑπτὰ πνεύματα τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἀστέρας· Οἶδά σου τὰ ἔργα, ὅτι [fn]ὄνομα ἔχεις [fn]ὅτι ζῇς, καὶ νεκρὸς εἶ.
(Kai tōi angelōi taʸs en Sardesin ekklaʸsias grapson, Tade legei ho eⱪōn ta hepta pneumata tou Theou kai tous hepta asteras; Oida sou ta erga, hoti onoma eⱪeis hoti zaʸs, kai nekros ei. )
Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs (from our SR-GNT base).
3:1 Sardis, nearly 50 miles (80 kilometers) east of Smyrna on the southeast highway from Pergamum and Thyatira, was home to a large colony of prosperous Jews, called “Sephardic” after the city’s ancient name. Its fortified acropolis gave its inhabitants an overconfident sense of security.
• a reputation for being alive—but you are dead: Other churches may have believed that the Sardian Christians comprised a dynamic church, but their secularism revealed their lack of spiritual life.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy
ὄνομα ἔχεις ὅτι ζῇς
/the/_name ˱you˲_/are/_having that ˱you˲_/are/_living
Here, name represents the reputation of a person or group. Alternate translation: “you have a reputation for being alive”
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
ὅτι ζῇς, καὶ νεκρὸς εἶ
that that ˱you˲_/are/_living and_yet dead ˱you˲_are
When Jesus says that the believers in Sardis have a reputation for being alive, he does not mean literally alive, but spiritually vibrant, that is, obeying and honoring God and experiencing God’s presence and power. Similarly, when Jesus speaks as if the believers in Sardis were literally dead, he means that they are not spiritually vibrant. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “for being spiritually vibrant, but actually you are not”