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In this section Paul responded to a claim by some of the Corinthians that he was not an apostle. First, he defended his calling and work as an apostle. Then he used himself as an example of someone who did not use his rights.
In chapter 8 and chapter 10 Paul talked about food offered to idols. In this chapter Paul said that he was an example of somebody who had the right to do anything. He was thinking about the right to eat any kind of food. Out of love for others he refrained from doing things that he had a right to do. Instead, he tried to act in a way that would lead others to Christ.
Other possible section headings include:
Paul’s rights as an apostle
Paul's example of not using his rights
In this paragraph Paul discussed his right to receive food and drink from the people he served. He used three examples from everyday life to illustrate his argument.
Or are Barnabas and I the only apostles who must work for a living?
Or is it only I and Barnabas who must work with our(excl)(dual) hands in order to support ourselves?
All the other apostles do not work to earn money/food, so surely Barnabas and I are not required to work either.
Or are Barnabas and I the only apostles who must work for a living?: This is a rhetorical question. Paul used it as a strong negative statement.
Here are some ways to translate this statement:
Use a rhetorical question. For example:
Are Barnabas and I the only ones who must work to earn our living? (NCV)
Are we the only ones who must support ourselves by working at another job? (CEV)
Use a strong negative statement. For example:
It is not right that Barnabas and I are the only ones who must work for a living
Translate this strong negative statement in a way that is natural in your language.
Barnabas: Barnabas was a close friend to Paul. These two apostles worked closely together. See Acts 9:27 and 11:25–26.
work for a living: Many languages have an idiomatic way to say work for a living. Choose a way that is natural in your language. Some examples are:
work with our own hands
seek food/money/rice
feed ourselves
The Greek text uses a double negative, which may be natural in some languages. For example:
Or is it only Barnabas and I who have no right to refrain from working for a living? (ESV)
Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases
ἢ μόνος ἐγὼ καὶ Βαρναβᾶς, οὐκ ἔχομεν
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἤ μόνος ἐγώ καί Βαρναβᾶς οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν μή ἐργάζεσθαι)
The word Or introduces an alternate to what Paul asked in [9:4–5](../09/04.md). Paul already spoke about what he thinks is true: he and Barnabas do “have the right” to receive food and drink, and they “have the right” to travel with a wife. Here Paul gives the incorrect alternative: they alone do not have the right not to work. He introduces this incorrect alternate to show that his earlier statements must be true. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express Or with a word that signifies a contrast or gives an alternative. Alternate translation: [Otherwise, would it not be true that only Barnabas and I do not have]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion
ἢ μόνος ἐγὼ καὶ Βαρναβᾶς, οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν μὴ ἐργάζεσθαι?
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἤ μόνος ἐγώ καί Βαρναβᾶς οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν μή ἐργάζεσθαι)
Paul does not ask this question because he is looking for information. Rather, he asks it to involve the Corinthians in what he is arguing. The question assumes that the answer is “no, you do have the right.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind this question with a strong statement. Alternate translation: [Barnabas and I too certainly have the right not to work.]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / doublenegatives
οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν μὴ ἐργάζεσθαι
not ˓are˒_having right (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἤ μόνος ἐγώ καί Βαρναβᾶς οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν μή ἐργάζεσθαι)
Paul here includes not twice. In his culture, two negative words made the statement even more negative. English speakers would understand two negatives here, so the ULT expresses the idea with both. If your language can use two negatives as Paul’s culture did, you could use a double negative here. If your language does not use two negatives in this way, you can translate with one negative and express the other negative by stating the opposite. Alternate translation: [do … lack the right not to work] or [do … not have the right to refrain from working]
Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns
μόνος ἐγὼ καὶ Βαρναβᾶς, οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν
only (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἤ μόνος ἐγώ καί Βαρναβᾶς οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν μή ἐργάζεσθαι)
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind right, you can express the idea by using a verbal phrase such as “are able to” or “can require.” Alternate translation: [are only Barnabas and I not able]
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
μὴ ἐργάζεσθαι
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Ἤ μόνος ἐγώ καί Βαρναβᾶς οὐκ ἔχομεν ἐξουσίαν μή ἐργάζεσθαι)
Here Paul refers to the privilege of receiving financial support from churches so that the person serving Christ does not have to work. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express what Paul is speaking about by clarifying that receiving aid from others is in view here. Alternate translation: [to receive financial support] or [not to work because believers support us]
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.