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OET interlinear JOS 10:28

◄ ← JOS 10:28 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וְ,אֶת
    2. 150688,150689
    3. and DOM
    4. -
    5. 853
    6. SO-C,To
    7. and=\untr DOM\untr*
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104199
    2. 150690
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104200
    1. מַקֵּדָה
    2. 150691
    3. Maqqēdāh
    4. -
    5. 4719
    6. O-Np
    7. Makkedah
    8. -
    9. Location=Makkedah; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104201
    1. לָכַד
    2. 150692
    3. he captured
    4. captured
    5. 3920
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    7. he_captured
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104202
    1. יְהוֹשֻׁעַ
    2. 150693
    3. Yəhōshūˊa
    4. -
    5. 3091
    6. S-Np
    7. Joshua
    8. -
    9. Person=Joshua; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104203
    1. בַּ,יּוֹם
    2. 150694,150695
    3. in the day
    4. day
    5. 3117
    6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
    7. in_the=day
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104204
    1. הַ,הוּא
    2. 150696,150697
    3. (the) that
    4. -
    5. 1931
    6. S-Td,Pp3ms
    7. (the)=that
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104205
    1. וַ,יַּכֶּ,הָ
    2. 150698,150699,150700
    3. and he struck it down
    4. -
    5. 5221
    6. VO-C,Vhw3ms,Sp3fs
    7. and,he,struck_it_down
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104206
    1. לְ,פִי
    2. 150701,150702
    3. to +the mouth of
    4. -
    5. 6310
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    7. to_[the],mouth_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104207
    2. 150703
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104208
    1. חֶרֶב
    2. 150704
    3. +the sword
    4. -
    5. 2719
    6. S-Ncfsa
    7. [the]_sword
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104209
    1. וְ,אֶת
    2. 150705,150706
    3. and DOM
    4. -
    5. 853
    6. O-C,To
    7. and=\untr DOM\untr*
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104210
    2. 150707
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104211
    1. מַלְכָּ,הּ
    2. 150708,150709
    3. king of its
    4. -
    5. 4428
    6. O-Ncmsc,Sp3fs
    7. king_of,its
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104212
    1. הֶחֱרִם
    2. 150710
    3. he totally destroyed
    4. -
    6. V-Vhp3ms
    7. he_totally_destroyed
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104213
    1. אוֹתָ,ם
    2. 150711,150712
    3. them
    4. -
    5. 853
    6. O-To,Sp3mp
    7. ,them
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104214
    1. וְ,אֶת
    2. 150713,150714
    3. and DOM
    4. -
    5. 853
    6. O-C,To
    7. and=\untr DOM\untr*
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104215
    2. 150715
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104216
    1. כָּל
    2. 150716
    3. every of
    4. everyone
    5. 3605
    6. O-Ncmsc
    7. every_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104217
    2. 150717
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104218
    1. הַ,נֶּפֶשׁ
    2. 150718,150719
    3. the living creatures
    4. -
    5. 5315
    6. O-Td,Ncbsa
    7. the=living_creatures
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104219
    1. אֲשֶׁר
    2. 150720
    3. who
    4. -
    6. O-Tr
    7. who
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104220
    2. 150721
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104221
    1. בָּ,הּ
    2. 150722,150723
    3. +was in it
    4. in
    6. P-R,Sp3fs
    7. [was]_in,it
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104222
    1. לֹא
    2. 150724
    3. not
    4. -
    5. 3808
    6. S-Tn
    7. not
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104223
    1. הִשְׁאִיר
    2. 150725
    3. he left
    4. -
    5. 7604
    6. V-Vhp3ms
    7. he_left
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104224
    1. שָׂרִיד
    2. 150726
    3. a survivor
    4. survivors
    5. 8300
    6. O-Ncmsa
    7. a_survivor
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104225
    1. וַ,יַּעַשׂ
    2. 150727,150728
    3. and he/it made
    4. -
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    7. and=he/it_made
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104226
    1. לְ,מֶלֶךְ
    2. 150729,150730
    3. to the king of
    4. -
    5. 4428
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    7. to,the_king_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104227
    1. מַקֵּדָה
    2. 150731
    3. Maqqēdāh
    4. -
    5. 4719
    6. S-Np
    7. of_Makkedah
    8. -
    9. Location=Makkedah; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104228
    1. כַּ,אֲשֶׁר
    2. 150732,150733
    3. just as
    4. -
    6. S-R,Tr
    7. just=as
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104229
    1. עָשָׂה
    2. 150734
    3. he had done
    4. -
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    7. he_had_done
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104230
    1. לְ,מֶלֶךְ
    2. 150735,150736
    3. to the king of
    4. -
    5. 4428
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    7. to,the_king_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104231
    1. יְרִיחוֹ
    2. 150737
    3. Yərīḩō/(Jericho)
    4. -
    5. 3405
    6. S-Np
    7. of_Jericho
    8. -
    9. Location=Jericho; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104232
    2. 150738
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 104233

OET (OET-LV) and_DOM Maqqēdāh Yəhōshūˊa he_captured in_the_day (the)_that and_he_struck_it_down to_the_mouth_of the_sword and_DOM king_of_its he_totally_destroyed them and_DOM every_of the_living_creatures who was_in_it not he_left a_survivor and_he/it_made to_the_king_of Maqqēdāh just_as he_had_done to_the_king_of Yərīḩō/(Jericho).

OET (OET-RV) Then Yehoshua captured Makkedah that same day. They killed the king and everyone else in the city, leaving no survivors, and Yehoshua did the same to the king of Makkedah as he’d done to the king of Yericho.[fn]

10:28 We’re not actually given any details about what happened to the king of Yericho.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 10:28–43 The Israelites conquered the towns of southern Canaan

Joshua defeated seven other important towns in Southern Canaan.

Here is another possible section heading:

Israel defeated the southern towns

10:28a

On that day Joshua captured Makkedah

On that day: The phrase On that day indicates that Joshua and the Israelite army attacked and captured Makkedah on the same day that they killed the five kings.

Joshua captured Makkedah: The clause Joshua captured Makkedah indicates that Joshua and the Israelite army captured the town of Makkedah. It may be necessary in some languages to make explicit that the Israelite army also fought, and that Joshua did not capture Makkedah by himself. For example:

Joshua and the Israelites captured the town of Makkedah on that day

Makkedah: The town of Makkedah was about 40 kilometers southwest of Gibeon.10:28 Bratcher and Newman, p. 151. The cave where the five Amorite kings hid was near Makkedah. After Joshua killed the five kings, he and his army proceeded to capture this nearby town.

10:28b

and put it to the sword, along with its king.

and put it to the sword, along with its king: This indicates that Joshua and the Israelite army killed the king of Makkedah and the people who lived there.

put it to the sword: The phrase put it to the sword is a Hebrew idiom. The word “smote” is the past tense of “smite.” It means “hit.” This idiom means that they killed the king and the people of Makkedah.

Here is another way to translate this Hebrew idiom:

Joshua killed its king and everyone else in the town (CEV)

10:28c

He devoted to destruction everyone in the city, leaving no survivors.

He devoted to destruction everyone in the city: The Hebrew verb that the BSB translates as devoted to destruction everyone comes from the same root word as the term “devoted for destruction” used in 6:17b. It refers to people or things that are claimed by Yahweh and cannot be bought back by any means. They must be destroyed. If possible, translate this word in the same way as you did in 6:17b. For example:

he devoted to destruction every person in it (ESV)

leaving no survivors: The clause leaving no survivors indicates that not a single person was left alive in the town.

10:28d

So he did to the king of Makkedah as he had done to the king of Jericho.

So he did to the king of Makkedah as he had done to the king of Jericho: The pronoun he refers to Joshua. The clause he did to the king of Makkedah as he had done to the king of Jericho indicates that Joshua killed the king of Makkedah. It may be clearer to make this information explicit. For example:

and he killed the king of Makkedah as he had killed the king of Jericho (NLT)

A similar phrase was used in 8:2 referring to the king of Ai.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / parallelism

הֶחֱרִ֣ם אוֹתָ֗⁠ם וְ⁠אֶת־כָּל־הַ⁠נֶּ֨פֶשׁ֙ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֔⁠הּ לֹ֥א הִשְׁאִ֖יר שָׂרִ֑יד

utterly_destroyed ,them and=DOM all/each/any/every the=living_creatures which/who [was]_in,it not left survivors

These two phrases mean basically the same thing. For help in translating these phrases here and in the rest of this chapter, see the discussion in the Introduction to this chapter. If it would be clearer in your language, you could combine these phrases. Alternate translation: [He completely destroyed everyone who was in it]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

הֶחֱרִ֣ם אוֹתָ֗⁠ם וְ⁠אֶת־כָּל־הַ⁠נֶּ֨פֶשׁ֙ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֔⁠הּ

utterly_destroyed ,them and=DOM all/each/any/every the=living_creatures which/who [was]_in,it

The author assumes that readers will know that in this context, the term devoted describes complete destruction. See the discussion of the term in the Introduction to Joshua. You could indicate this explicitly in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [He completely destroyed them and every person who was in it]

Note 3 topic: writing-pronouns

הֶחֱרִ֣ם אוֹתָ֗⁠ם

utterly_destroyed ,them

The pronoun them refers to the city of Makkedah and its king. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: [He completely destroyed the city and its king]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

וְ⁠אֶת־כָּל־הַ⁠נֶּ֨פֶשׁ֙ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֔⁠הּ

and=DOM and=DOM and=DOM all/each/any/every the=living_creatures which/who [was]_in,it

The author is using part of a person, his soul, to mean the whole person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [and every person who was in it]

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

10:28 He destroyed them all: See study note on 2:9-10.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. and DOM
    2. -
    3. 1987,347
    5. 150688,150689
    6. SO-C,To
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104199
    1. Maqqēdāh
    2. -
    3. 4578
    5. 150691
    6. O-Np
    8. -
    9. Location=Makkedah; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104201
    1. Yəhōshūˊa
    2. -
    3. 2901
    5. 150693
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Person=Joshua; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104203
    1. he captured
    2. captured
    3. 3818
    5. 150692
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104202
    1. in the day
    2. day
    3. 846,3371
    5. 150694,150695
    6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104204
    1. (the) that
    2. -
    3. 1893,1978
    5. 150696,150697
    6. S-Td,Pp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104205
    1. and he struck it down
    2. -
    3. 1987,5176,1978
    5. 150698,150699,150700
    6. VO-C,Vhw3ms,Sp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104206
    1. to +the mouth of
    2. -
    3. 3705,6255
    5. 150701,150702
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104207
    1. +the sword
    2. -
    3. 2414
    5. 150704
    6. S-Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104209
    1. and DOM
    2. -
    3. 1987,347
    5. 150705,150706
    6. O-C,To
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104210
    1. king of its
    2. -
    3. 4308,1978
    5. 150708,150709
    6. O-Ncmsc,Sp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104212
    1. he totally destroyed
    2. -
    3. 2640
    5. 150710
    6. V-Vhp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104213
    1. them
    2. -
    3. 347,1978
    5. 150711,150712
    6. O-To,Sp3mp
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104214
    1. and DOM
    2. -
    3. 1987,347
    5. 150713,150714
    6. O-C,To
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104215
    1. every of
    2. everyone
    3. 3671
    5. 150716
    6. O-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104217
    1. the living creatures
    2. -
    3. 1893,5059
    5. 150718,150719
    6. O-Td,Ncbsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104219
    1. who
    2. -
    3. 238
    5. 150720
    6. O-Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104220
    1. +was in it
    2. in
    3. 846,1978
    5. 150722,150723
    6. P-R,Sp3fs
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104222
    1. not
    2. -
    3. 3835
    5. 150724
    6. S-Tn
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104223
    1. he left
    2. -
    3. 7759
    5. 150725
    6. V-Vhp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104224
    1. a survivor
    2. survivors
    3. 8111
    5. 150726
    6. O-Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104225
    1. and he/it made
    2. -
    3. 1987,6035
    5. 150727,150728
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104226
    1. to the king of
    2. -
    3. 3705,4308
    5. 150729,150730
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104227
    1. Maqqēdāh
    2. -
    3. 4578
    5. 150731
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Location=Makkedah; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104228
    1. just as
    2. -
    3. 3418,238
    5. 150732,150733
    6. S-R,Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104229
    1. he had done
    2. -
    3. 6035
    5. 150734
    6. V-Vqp3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104230
    1. to the king of
    2. -
    3. 3705,4308
    5. 150735,150736
    6. S-R,Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104231
    1. Yərīḩō/(Jericho)
    2. -
    3. 2980
    5. 150737
    6. S-Np
    8. -
    9. Location=Jericho; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 104232

OET (OET-LV) and_DOM Maqqēdāh Yəhōshūˊa he_captured in_the_day (the)_that and_he_struck_it_down to_the_mouth_of the_sword and_DOM king_of_its he_totally_destroyed them and_DOM every_of the_living_creatures who was_in_it not he_left a_survivor and_he/it_made to_the_king_of Maqqēdāh just_as he_had_done to_the_king_of Yərīḩō/(Jericho).

OET (OET-RV) Then Yehoshua captured Makkedah that same day. They killed the king and everyone else in the city, leaving no survivors, and Yehoshua did the same to the king of Makkedah as he’d done to the king of Yericho.[fn]

10:28 We’re not actually given any details about what happened to the king of Yericho.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ← JOS 10:28 ↑ → ► ║ ©