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Jos 9 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19 V20 V21 V22 V23 V24 V25 V26 V27

OET interlinear JOS 9:1

◄ ↨ JOS 9:1 ↓ → ► ║ ©

Hebrew word order

    1. Hebrew word
    2. Hebrew lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. וַ,יְהִי
    2. 149069,149070
    3. and he/it was
    4. -
    5. 1961
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    7. and=he/it_was
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103086
    1. כִ,שְׁמֹעַ
    2. 149071,149072
    3. just as heard
    4. heard
    5. 8085
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    7. just,as_heard
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103087
    1. כָּל
    2. 149073
    3. all of
    4. -
    5. 3605
    6. S-Ncmsc
    7. all_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103088
    2. 149074
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 103089
    1. הַ,מְּלָכִים
    2. 149075,149076
    3. the kings
    4. kings
    5. 4428
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    7. the,kings
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103090
    1. אֲשֶׁר
    2. 149077
    3. who
    4. -
    6. S-Tr
    7. who
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103091
    1. בְּ,עֵבֶר
    2. 149078,149079
    3. +were on the other side of
    4. on side at
    5. 5676
    6. P-R,Ncmsc
    7. [were]_on,the_other_side_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103092
    1. הַ,יַּרְדֵּן
    2. 149080,149081
    3. the Yardēn/(Jordan)
    4. Yordan
    5. 3383
    6. P-Td,Np
    7. of,the_Jordan
    8. -
    9. Location=Jordan; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103093
    1. בָּ,הָר
    2. 149082,149083
    3. in country
    4. country
    5. 2022
    6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
    7. in,country
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103094
    1. וּ,בַ,שְּׁפֵלָה
    2. 149084,149085,149086
    3. and in Shephelah
    4. lowlands
    5. 8219
    6. S-C,Rd,Ncfsa
    7. and,in,Shephelah
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103095
    1. וּ,בְ,כֹל
    2. 149087,149088,149089
    3. and in all of
    4. -
    5. 3605
    6. S-C,R,Ncmsc
    7. and,in,all_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103096
    1. חוֹף
    2. 149090
    3. the coast of
    4. coast
    5. 2348
    6. S-Ncmsc
    7. the_coast_of
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103097
    1. הַ,יָּם
    2. 149091,149092
    3. the sea
    4. -
    5. 3220
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    7. the=sea
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103098
    1. הַ,גָּדוֹל
    2. 149093,149094
    3. (the) great
    4. -
    6. S-Td,Aamsa
    7. (the),great
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103099
    1. אֶל
    2. 149095
    3. to
    4. -
    5. 413
    6. S-R
    7. to
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103100
    2. 149096
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-maqqef
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 103101
    1. מוּל
    2. 149097
    3. the front
    4. -
    5. 4136
    6. S-R
    7. the_front
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103102
    1. הַ,לְּבָנוֹן
    2. 149098,149099
    3. of (the) Ləⱱānōn
    4. Lebanon
    5. 3844
    6. S-Td,Np
    7. of_(the),Lebanon
    8. -
    9. Location=Lebanon; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103103
    1. הַֽ,חִתִּי
    2. 149100,149101
    3. the Ḩittiy[s]
    4. Hittites
    5. 2850
    6. S-Td,Ngmsa
    7. the,Hittite[s]
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103104
    1. וְ,הָ,אֱמֹרִי
    2. 149102,149103,149104
    3. and the ʼAmorī[s]
    4. Amorites
    5. 567
    6. S-C,Td,Ngmsa
    7. and,the,Amorite[s]
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103105
    1. הַֽ,כְּנַעֲנִי
    2. 149105,149106
    3. the Kənaˊₐnī/(Canaanite)[s]
    4. Canaanites
    6. S-Td,Ngmsa
    7. the,Canaanite[s]
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103106
    1. הַ,פְּרִזִּי
    2. 149107,149108
    3. the Pərizzī[s]
    4. Perizzites
    5. 6522
    6. S-Td,Ngmsa
    7. the,Perizzite[s]
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103107
    1. הַ,חִוִּי
    2. 149109,149110
    3. the Ḩiūī
    4. Hivites
    5. 2340
    6. S-Td,Ngmsa
    7. the=Ḩiūī
    8. -
    9. Person=Hivite; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103108
    1. וְ,הַ,יְבוּסִי
    2. 149111,149112,149113
    3. and the Yəⱱūşī/(Jebusite)[s]
    4. -
    5. 2983
    6. S-C,Td,Ngmsa
    7. and,the,Jebusite[s]
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103109
    2. 149114
    3. -
    4. -
    6. -x-sof-pasuq
    8. -
    9. -
    10. 103110

OET (OET-LV) and_he/it_was just_as_heard all_of the_kings who were_on_the_other_side_of the_Yardēn/(Jordan) in_country and_in_Shephelah and_in_all_of the_coast_of the_sea (the)_great to the_front of_(the)_Ləⱱānōn the_Ḩittiy[s] and_the_ʼAmorī[s] the_Kənaˊₐnī/(Canaanite)[s] the_Pərizzī[s] the_Ḩiūī and_the_Yəⱱūşī/(Jebusite)[s].

OET (OET-RV) There were several kings who ruled in regions on this west side of the Yordan—the Hittites and Amorites, the Canaanites and Perizzites, the Hivites and the Yebusites. Some were in the hill country, some in the lowlands, and some along the Mediterranean coast south of Lebanon. When they heard about what had happened at Ay,

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 9:1–27 The Gibeonites deceived the Israelites

The Gibeonite people lived near Ai. When they heard that Joshua had defeated Ai, they were afraid that he would conquer and kill them too. So, they sent messengers who pretended they had come from a long distance away. They deceived the Israelites and made a treaty of friendship with them.

Later, the Israelites learned that the Gibeonites lied to them, and that they lived quite close to them. They could not kill them because of the treaty, so they made them be water carriers and woodcutters for the Israelites.

Here are some other possible section headings:

The people of Gibeon

The Gibeon people tricked the Israelites and made a treaty with them

Paragraph 9:1–2

This paragraph forms an introduction to the story of this chapter. It tells how a group of kings from the nearby towns decided to fight together against the Israelites. Their action contrasts with how the Gibeonites deceived the Israelites.

9:1a

Now when news of this reached all the kings west of the Jordan—

Now when news of this reached: The words of this are not included in the Hebrew text. The Hebrew text says only, “When all the kings heard.” In some languages it may be clearer to add words about what the kings heard.

These kings heard something that made them decide to join forces and attack the Israelites. Probably they heard how Joshua and the Israelites were defeated in the first battle of Ai. Because they saw that it was possible for the Israelites to lose a battle, they decided to attack them.9:1 Howard, p. 218; Hess, p. 175.

Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

When the kings heard about the Israelites they gathered together

When the kings heard that the Israelites lost a battle against Ai, they gathered together

all the kings west of the Jordan: The phrase the kings west of the Jordan refers to the kings who ruled towns on the west side of the Jordan River. It may be clearer to add the implied information in this clause. For example:

the kings of the towns beyond the Jordan River

the kings of the towns west of the Jordan River

west of the Jordan: The phrase west of the Jordan refers to the region west of the Jordan River.

9:1b

those in the hill country, the foothills, and all along the coast of the Great Sea toward Lebanon

those in the hill country: The term hill country refers to the central mountain range of Palestine.

the foothills: The term foothills refers to the western side of the central mountain range. It is a rocky plateau that is higher than the land near the Mediterranean Sea, but lower than the hill country.

Here are some other ways to translate this word:

western foothills (NIV)

the lowland (RSV)

and all along the coast of the Great Sea: The phrase Great Sea refers to the Mediterranean Sea.

toward Lebanon: Lebanon was a small but powerful kingdom to the north of Palestine. The phrase toward Lebanon indicates that some of these kings were from the north, near the kingdom of Lebanon.

9:1c

(the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites)—

the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites: These six groups of people were mentioned in 3:10. You should translate them the same way you did there. These people are inhabitants of the land of Canaan. In Deuteronomy 20:16–18 Yahweh told the Israelites to destroy these nations with his help.

General Comment on 9:1

This is a long sentence with a long and complicated subject. It may be clearer to break it into two sentences. For example:

1aThere were many people who lived on the west side of the Jordan River, 1bin the hill country, and in the foothills, and along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea and up north toward Lebanon. 1cThe kings of the Hitti people, the Amor people, the Canaan people, the Periz people, the Hiw people, and the Yabus people 1aheard about the Israelites.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

בְּ⁠עֵ֨בֶר הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֜ן

[were]_on,the_other_side_of of,the_Jordan

The description that follows indicates that by the other side of the Jordan, the author means the side opposite to the one from which the Israelites approached the land of Canaan. You could indicate this explicitly in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [were on the west side of the Jordan River]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / genericnoun

הַֽ⁠חִתִּי֙ וְ⁠הָ֣⁠אֱמֹרִ֔י הַֽ⁠כְּנַעֲנִי֙ הַ⁠פְּרִזִּ֔י הַ⁠חִוִּ֖י וְ⁠הַ⁠יְבוּסִֽי

the,Hittite[s] and,the,Amorite[s] the,Canaanite[s] the,Perizzite[s] the=Ḩiūī and,the,Jebusite[s]

The author is not referring to specific individuals. He is describing the people groups that these kings ruled. It may be more natural in your language to express this meaning by using plural forms. Alternate translation: [that is, the kings of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Hebrew word
    5. Hebrew lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. Gloss
    8. CAPS codes
    9. OET tags
    10. OET word #
    1. and he/it was
    2. -
    3. 1987,1929
    5. 149069,149070
    6. SV-C,Vqw3ms
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103086
    1. just as heard
    2. heard
    3. 3418,7841
    5. 149071,149072
    6. SV-R,Vqc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103087
    1. all of
    2. -
    3. 3671
    5. 149073
    6. S-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103088
    1. the kings
    2. kings
    3. 1893,4308
    5. 149075,149076
    6. S-Td,Ncmpa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103090
    1. who
    2. -
    3. 238
    5. 149077
    6. S-Tr
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103091
    1. +were on the other side of
    2. on side at
    3. 846,5694
    5. 149078,149079
    6. P-R,Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103092
    1. the Yardēn/(Jordan)
    2. Yordan
    3. 1893,3173
    5. 149080,149081
    6. P-Td,Np
    8. -
    9. Location=Jordan; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103093
    1. in country
    2. country
    3. 846,1906
    5. 149082,149083
    6. S-Rd,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103094
    1. and in Shephelah
    2. lowlands
    3. 1987,846,7508
    5. 149084,149085,149086
    6. S-C,Rd,Ncfsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103095
    1. and in all of
    2. -
    3. 1987,846,3671
    5. 149087,149088,149089
    6. S-C,R,Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103096
    1. the coast of
    2. coast
    3. 2744
    5. 149090
    6. S-Ncmsc
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103097
    1. the sea
    2. -
    3. 1893,3237
    5. 149091,149092
    6. S-Td,Ncmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103098
    1. (the) great
    2. -
    3. 1893,1513
    5. 149093,149094
    6. S-Td,Aamsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103099
    1. to
    2. -
    3. 369
    5. 149095
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103100
    1. the front
    2. -
    3. 4851
    5. 149097
    6. S-R
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103102
    1. of (the) Ləⱱānōn
    2. Lebanon
    3. 1893,3716
    5. 149098,149099
    6. S-Td,Np
    8. -
    9. Location=Lebanon; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103103
    1. the Ḩittiy[s]
    2. Hittites
    3. 1893,2326
    5. 149100,149101
    6. S-Td,Ngmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103104
    1. and the ʼAmorī[s]
    2. Amorites
    3. 1987,1893,42
    5. 149102,149103,149104
    6. S-C,Td,Ngmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103105
    1. the Kənaˊₐnī/(Canaanite)[s]
    2. Canaanites
    3. 1893,3445
    5. 149105,149106
    6. S-Td,Ngmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103106
    1. the Pərizzī[s]
    2. Perizzites
    3. 1893,6172
    5. 149107,149108
    6. S-Td,Ngmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103107
    1. the Ḩiūī
    2. Hivites
    3. 1893,2301
    5. 149109,149110
    6. S-Td,Ngmsa
    8. -
    9. Person=Hivite; Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103108
    1. and the Yəⱱūşī/(Jebusite)[s]
    2. -
    3. 1987,1893,2883
    5. 149111,149112,149113
    6. S-C,Td,Ngmsa
    8. -
    9. Y-1451; TWar_with_Canaanites
    10. 103109

OET (OET-LV) and_he/it_was just_as_heard all_of the_kings who were_on_the_other_side_of the_Yardēn/(Jordan) in_country and_in_Shephelah and_in_all_of the_coast_of the_sea (the)_great to the_front of_(the)_Ləⱱānōn the_Ḩittiy[s] and_the_ʼAmorī[s] the_Kənaˊₐnī/(Canaanite)[s] the_Pərizzī[s] the_Ḩiūī and_the_Yəⱱūşī/(Jebusite)[s].

OET (OET-RV) There were several kings who ruled in regions on this west side of the Yordan—the Hittites and Amorites, the Canaanites and Perizzites, the Hivites and the Yebusites. Some were in the hill country, some in the lowlands, and some along the Mediterranean coast south of Lebanon. When they heard about what had happened at Ay,

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The Hebrew text, lemmas, and morphology are all thanks to the OSHB and some of the glosses are from Macula Hebrew.OET logo mark

◄ ↨ JOS 9:1 ↑ → ► ║ ©