ROM 6:6 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. καί
2. kai
3. -
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. -
11. 107598
1. τοῦτο
2. houtos
3. this
4. -
5. 37780
6. R····ANS
7. this
8. this
9. -
10. Y60; R107606
11. 107599
1. γινώσκοντες
2. ginōskō
3. knowing
4. knowing
5. 10970
6. VPPA·NMP
7. knowing
8. knowing
9. -
10. Y60; R105120; Person=Paul; R105362; R107548
11. 107600
1. ὅτι
2. hoti
3. that
4. -
5. 37540
6. C·······
7. that
8. that
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107601
1. ὁ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107602
1. παλαιός
2. palaios
3. old
4. -
5. 38200
6. S····NMS
7. old
8. old
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107603
1. ἡμῶν
2. egō
3. of us
4. our
5. 14730
6. R···1G·P
7. ˱of˲ us
8. ˱of˲ us
9. -
10. Y60; R105120; Person=Paul; R105362; R107548
11. 107604
1. ἄνθρωπος
2. anthrōpos
3. person
4. personality
5. 4440
6. N····NMS
7. person
8. person
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107605
1. συνεσταυρώθη
2. sustauroō
3. was executed on a stake with him
4. executed
5. 49570
6. VIAP3··S
7. ˓was˒ executed_on_a_stake_with ‹him›
8. ˓was˒ crucified_with ‹him›
9. -
10. Y60; F107599
11. 107606
1. ἵνα
2. hina
3. in order that
4. -
5. 24430
6. C·······
7. in_order_that
8. in_order_that
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107607
1. καταργηθῇ
2. katargeō
3. may be nullified
4. -
5. 26730
6. VSAP3··S
7. ˓may_be˒ nullified
8. ˓may_be˒ nullified
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107608
1. καταργήσῃ
2. katargeō
3. -
4. -
5. 26730
6. VSAA3··S
7. ˓may˒ nullify
8. ˓may˒ nullify
9. -
10. -
11. 107609
1. τό
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NNS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107610
1. σῶμα
2. sōma
3. body
4. -
5. 49830
6. N····NNS
7. body
8. body
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107611
1. τῆς
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GFS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107612
1. ἁμαρτίας
2. hamartia
3. of sin
4. -
5. 2660
6. N····GFS
7. ˱of˲ sin
8. ˱of˲ sin
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107613
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. that
4. -
5. 35880
6. C····GNS
7. that
8. that
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107614
1. μηκέτι
2. mēketi
3. no longer
4. longer
5. 33710
6. D·······
7. no_longer
8. no_longer
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107615
1. δουλεύειν
2. douleuō
3. to be serving
4. -
5. 13980
6. VNPA····
7. ˓to_be˒ serving
8. ˓to_be˒ serving
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107616
1. ἡμάς
2. egō
3. us
4. -
5. 14730
6. R···1A·P
7. us
8. us
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107617
1. τῇ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····DFS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107618
1. ἁμαρτίᾳ
2. hamartia
3. for sin
4. -
5. 2660
6. N····DFS
7. ˱for˲ sin
8. ˱for˲ sin
9. -
10. Y60
11. 107619

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 6:1–14: We must live for God because we died to sin

In this section, Paul told the believers in Rome that they should not continue to sin, because baptism symbolizes death to sin. Jesus’ resurrection symbolizes the new life that believers can live in. The believers’ old way of life is crucified on the cross of Jesus so that they have no need to follow the desires to sin. Believers will live new lives for God and death no longer rules them, because Jesus died and was raised for them. Therefore believers should consider themselves dead to sin and do the good deeds that God wants them to do. God’s grace removes believers from the rule of sin in their lives.

Here are other possible headings for this section:

Believers are dead to sin, so they must live for God

Dead to Sin, Alive in Christ (NIV)

We are no longer slaves to sin, but God’s servants

6:6a

We know that our old self was crucified with Him

¶ We^(incl) realize this: the kind of people we used to be was nailed to the cross with him,
¶ And it is clear to us that God ended/destroyed our former bad/sinful way of life when the Christ/Messiah was crucified,
¶ For we know that when people nailed him to the cross, God also put our old bad character/life there as if to die with him/Jesus,

The Greek here has no conjunction. Paul continued to support what he said in 6:4. Some languages would use “and” to indicate that kind of connection. Some languages would repeat “for” from 6:5. For example:

And (GNT)

For (NIV)

We know that our old self: The Greek is literally “knowing this that our old person.” The word “this” introduces the words that follow. The word that also introduces those words. For example:

We know this: that our old self…

In many languages it is more natural to translate only “this” or that. For example:

We know this: our old self…

We know that our old self…

We know: This introduces something that Paul knew, and perhaps others of his co-workers knew also. He wanted his readers to know it, so he included them in knowing this, whether they actually did or not. Here are other ways to translate this phrase:

realizing (NJB)

now it is clear to us

our old self was crucified with Him: This clause is passive. Some languages must use an active clause here. It is hard to know what these words imply about who did the crucifying. Scholars mention that this occurred at our baptism but not who did it.

If you cannot use a passive clause, you may want to:

Add a general reference that does not refer to anyone in particular. For example:
they crucified our old self with him/Jesus
Use the words “die on a cross,” or similar. For example:
our old self died on the cross with him/Jesus

our old self: This phrase refers to the kind of people that believers were before they started believing in Jesus. We all lived according to the ways of this world and lived a life of sin. Here are other ways to translate this phrase:

our old being (GNT)

the person we used to be (GW)

our old humanity (REB)

our former lifeKankanaey Back Translation on TW.

our former sinful nature/waysTagbanwa Back Translation on TW.

crucified with Him: The word crucified refers to being nailed to a cross and hanging there until dead. Here it is a metaphor for the destruction of our old self. Here are other ways to translate this phrase:

put to death with Christ on his cross (GNT)

nailed to the cross with him

was included in his being nailed to the crossKankanaey Back Translation on TW.

Some languages must translate the metaphor as a simile to make the meaning clear. For example:

like nailed along with Cristo on the crossTagbanwa Back Translation on TW.

as if it was nailed along with Christ on the cross so that it might dieWestern Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation on TW.

6:6b

so that the body of sin might be rendered powerless,

so that the existence that was ruled by sin would be destroyed,
and so God/he destroyed that life of sin,

(NIV:) so that the body of sin might be done away with: The phrase so that introduces a purpose for crucifying the old self. God has already done away with the body of sin. In some languages a purpose clause would indicate that this has not happened yet. If that is true in your language, use a result clause. For example:

and so the body of sin has been done away with

(NIV:) the body of sin might be done away with: This clause is passive. Some languages must use an active clause. As with “was crucified” above, it is not clear who did this action (done away). For example:

they might do away with the body of sin

the body of sin might become nothing

(NIV:) the body of sin: The Greek word that the NIV translates as body refers here to the whole person.Cranfield (page 309) and Schreiner (page 316). It refers to all of what we are as human beings. The words of sin indicate that sin rules the lives of people.

In many languages a literal translation would not have the correct meaning. If that is true in your language, translate the meaning. For example:

the self which belonged to sin (NJB)

sin…in our lives (NLT)

our always having to sin was removedWestern Bukidnon Manobo Back Translation on TW.

(NIV:) might be done away with: There are two ways to interpret the Greek word here:

It means destroy here. For example:
might be destroyed (RSV) (RSV, NIV, GNT, NJB, NASB, NABRE, KJV, GW, REB)
It means lose its power here. For example:
might lose its power (NLT) (BSB, ESV, NLT, NET, NCV)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1), because the BDAG and other scholars support it.

6:6c

that we should no longer be slaves to sin.

and so that we would no longer under the rule of sin.
and so also sin no longer rules/leads us.

that we should no longer be slaves to sin: The word that introduces a second purpose for crucifying the old self. For example:

so that the sinful body might be destroyed, and we might no longer be enslaved to sin (RSV)

In some languages a purpose clause would indicate that this has not happened yet. If that is true in your language, use a result clause. For example:

and also so we are no longer enslaved to sin

we should no longer be slaves to sin: The words be slaves is a metaphor. It indicates that we would no longer be like a slave to sin, obeying every sinful thought. Some languages must translate the meaning another way. For example:

we would no longer be like slaves to sin

no longer does sin rule us as though it were our bossesOtomi Back Translation on TW.

be slaves to sin: The phrase be slaves refers to being made a slave, someone owned by another person, to do his/her will all day long. They worked for their owner/master without receiving pay, but the owner gave them food, clothing, and shelter. They had very few rights of their own.

In some cultures, slaves may not be known. In other cultures, the word for slave may imply different customs than in biblical culture. If that is true in your language, here are some ways to translate this:

made a person who belonged to sin

caused to be an owned person of sin

made a person who serves sin

made a worker/servant of sin

The words be slaves is a metaphor for being completely under the rule of someone or something. Some languages may need to avoid the metaphor to make the meaning clear. For example:

made to be under the rule of sin

made a person lead by sin

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ὁ παλαιὸς ἡμῶν ἄνθρωπος συνεσταυρώθη

the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τοῦτο γινώσκοντες ὅτι ὁ παλαιός ἡμῶν ἄνθρωπος συνεσταυρώθη ἵνα καταργηθῇ τό σῶμα τῆς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ μηκέτι δουλεύειν ἡμάς τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [God crucified our old man together with him]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ὁ παλαιὸς ἡμῶν ἄνθρωπος συνεσταυρώθη

Paul speaks of our sinful human nature as if it were an old man who was nailed to the same cross as Christ. Paul means that when Christ was crucified, he destroyed the power of sin and death that controlled all humans. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [God destroyed the power of sin that controlled people when Christ was crucified]

Note 3 topic: writing-pronouns

συνεσταυρώθη

˓was˒_crucified_with_‹him›

The pronoun him refers to Christ. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: [was crucified with Christ]

Note 4 topic: grammar-connect-logic-goal

ἵνα

in_order_that

Here, in order that introduces a purpose clause. Paul is stating the purpose for which God crucified our old man. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a purpose clause. Alternate translation (without a comma preceding): [so that]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

καταργηθῇ τὸ σῶμα τῆς ἁμαρτίας

˓may_be˒_nullified (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τοῦτο γινώσκοντες ὅτι ὁ παλαιός ἡμῶν ἄνθρωπος συνεσταυρώθη ἵνα καταργηθῇ τό σῶμα τῆς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ μηκέτι δουλεύειν ἡμάς τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, Paul implies that “God” did it. Alternate translation: [God might nullify the body of sin]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

καταργηθῇ τὸ σῶμα τῆς ἁμαρτίας

Paul speaks of the body of sin as if it were a condition of slavery that could be cancelled. He means that Christ’s crucifixion removed the ability of sinful desires to control people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [God might completely end how living sinfully controls people]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / possession

τὸ σῶμα τῆς ἁμαρτίας

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τοῦτο γινώσκοντες ὅτι ὁ παλαιός ἡμῶν ἄνθρωπος συνεσταυρώθη ἵνα καταργηθῇ τό σῶμα τῆς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ μηκέτι δουλεύειν ἡμάς τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ)

Paul is using the possessive form to describe how the body is related to sin. Use a natural way in your language to express this idea. Here, the body of sin could refer to: (1) how humans tend to sin. Alternate translation: [our human tendency to sin] or [how living sinfully controls us] (2) how sin controls the human body. Alternate translation: [how sin controls our bodies]

Note 8 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἁμαρτίας & ἁμαρτίᾳ

˱of˲_sin & ˱for˲_sin

See how you translated sin in [6:1](../06/01.md).

Note 9 topic: grammar-connect-logic-goal

τοῦ μηκέτι δουλεύειν

that no_longer ˓to_be˒_serving

Here, for could indicate: (1) God’s purpose for nullifying the body of sin. Alternate translation: [in order for it to no longer enslave] (2) the result of the body of sin being nullified. Alternate translation: [causing it to no longer enslave]

Note 10 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

τοῦ μηκέτι δουλεύειν ἡμᾶς τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ

that no_longer ˓to_be˒_serving (Some words not found in SR-GNT: τοῦτο γινώσκοντες ὅτι ὁ παλαιός ἡμῶν ἄνθρωπος συνεσταυρώθη ἵνα καταργηθῇ τό σῶμα τῆς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ μηκέτι δουλεύειν ἡμάς τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ)

Paul speaks of the body of sin as if it could enslave people. Here he means that the desire to sin that controls people would no longer do so. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [for it to no longer make us live sinfully]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear ROM 6:6

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 6:1–14: We must live for God because we died to sin

6:6a

6:6b

6:6c

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)