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1Sa IntroC1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C10C11C12C13C14C15C16C17C18C19C20C21C22C23C24C25C26C27C28C29C30C31

1Sa 21 V1V2V3V4V5V6V7V8V9V10V11V12V14V15

Parallel 1SA 21:13

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BI 1Sa 21:13 ©

Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clearImportance=normal(All still tentative.)

OET (OET-RV)so he changed his behaviour when he was with them and pretended to be insane. He scratched on wooden doors and let his saliva dribble down his beard.

OET-LV[fn] and_he/it_assigned Dāvid DOM the_words the_these in/on/at/with_heart_him and_afraid exceedingly from_face/in_front_of ʼAkīsh the_king of_Gat.


21:13 Note: KJB: 1Sam.21.12

UHB14 וַ⁠יְשַׁנּ֤⁠וֹ אֶת־טַעְמ⁠וֹ֙ בְּ⁠עֵ֣ינֵי⁠הֶ֔ם וַ⁠יִּתְהֹלֵ֖ל בְּ⁠יָדָ֑⁠ם ו⁠יתו[fn] עַל־דַּלְת֣וֹת הַ⁠שַּׁ֔עַר וַ⁠יּ֥וֹרֶד רִיר֖⁠וֹ אֶל־זְקָנֽ⁠וֹ׃
   (14 va⁠yəshann⁠ō ʼet-ţaˊm⁠ō bə⁠ˊēynēy⁠hem va⁠yyitholēl bə⁠yādā⁠m v⁠ytv ˊal-daltōt ha⁠shshaˊar va⁠yyōred rīr⁠ō ʼel-zəqān⁠ō.)

Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).


Q וַיְתָיו֙

ULTAnd he changed his behavior in their eyes and pretended to be insane in their hand. And he made marks on the doors of the gate and caused his saliva to go down to his beard.

USTSo he pretended that he was insane. He started scratching on the gates of the city and allowing his saliva to run down his beard.


BSBSo he changed his behavior before them and feigned madness in their hands; he scratched on the doors of the gate and let his saliva run down his beard.

OEBHe pretended to be insane before them, and raved in their hands and drummed on the doors and let his spittle run down his beard.

WEBHe changed his behavior before them and pretended to be insane in their hands, and scribbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down on his beard.

WMB (Same as above)

NETHe altered his behavior in their presence. Since he was in their power, he pretended to be insane, making marks on the doors of the gate and letting his saliva run down his beard.

LSVand changes his behavior before their eyes, and feigns himself mad in their hand, and scribbles on the doors of the gate, and lets down his spittle to his beard.

FBVSo he changed the way he acted toward them and pretended to be crazy. He scratched marks on the town gates and let his spit run down his beard.

T4TSo he pretended that he was insane. He started scratching on the gates of the city and allowing his saliva to run down his beard.

LEBSo he changed his behavior before them[fn] and pretended to be madin their presence.[fn] He made scratches on the doors of the gate and let his saliva run down into his beard.


?:? Literally “in their eyes”

?:? Literally “in their hands”

BBESo changing his behaviour before them, he made it seem as if he was off his head, hammering on the doors of the town, and letting the water from his mouth go down his chin.

MoffNo Moff 1SA book available

JPS(21-14) And he changed his demeanour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.

ASVAnd he changed his behavior before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.

DRAAnd he changed his countenance before them, and slipt down between their hands: and he stumbled against the doors of the gate, and his spittle ran down upon his beard.

YLTand changeth his behaviour before their eyes, and feigneth himself mad in their hand, and scribbleth on the doors of the gate, and letteth down his spittle unto his beard.

DrbyAnd he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scratched on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down on his beard.

RVAnd he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.

WbstrAnd he changed his behavior before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.

KJB-1769And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.[fn]


21.13 scrabbled: or, made marks

KJB-1611[fn]And he changed his behauiour before them, and fained himselfe mad in their hands, and scrabled on the doores of the gate, and let his spittle fall downe vpon his beard.
   (And he changed his behauiour before them, and fained himself mad in their hands, and scrabled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.)


21:13 Or, made markes.

BshpsAnd he chaunged his speache before them, and fained him selfe mad in their handes, and scrabled on the doores of the gate, and let his spettell fall downe vpon his beard.
   (And he chaunged his speache before them, and fained himself mad in their hands, and scrabled on the doors of the gate, and let his spettell fall down upon his beard.)

GnvaAnd hee changed his behauiour before them, and fayned him selfe mad in their handes, and scrabled on the doores of the gate, and let his spettel fall downe vpon his beard.
   (And he changed his behauiour before them, and fayned himself mad in their hands, and scrabled on the doors of the gate, and let his spettel fall down upon his beard.)

Cvdland altered his countenaunce before them, and shewed himselfe as he had bene madd in their handes, and stackered towarde the dores of the gate, and his slauerynges ranne downe his beerd.
   (and altered his countenaunce before them, and showed himself as he had been madd in their hands, and stackered towarde the doors of the gate, and his slauerynges ran down his beerd.)

WycAnd Dauid chaungide his mouth bifor Achis, and felde doun bitwixe her hondis, and he hurtlide ayens the doris of the yate, and his drauelis, `that is, spotelis, flowiden doun in to the beerd.
   (And David chaungide his mouth before Achis, and field down between her hands, and he hurtlide against the doris of the gate, and his drovelis, `that is, spotelis, flowiden down in to the beerd.)

LuthUnd David nahm die Rede zu Herzen und fürchtete sich sehr vor Achis, dem Könige zu Gath.
   (And David took the Rede to hearten and fürchtete itself/yourself/themselves very before/in_front_of Achis, to_him kings/king to Gath.)

ClVgEt immutavit os suum coram eis, et collabebatur inter manus eorum: et impingebat in ostia portæ, defluebantque salivæ ejus in barbam.
   (And immutavit os his_own coram eis, and collabebatur between hands their: and impingebat in ostia portæ, defluebantque salivæ his in barbam.)

BrTrAnd David [fn]laid up the words in his heart, and was greatly afraid of Anchus king of Geth.


21:13 Gr. put.

BrLXXΚαὶ ἔθετο Δαυὶδ τὰ ῥήματα ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐφοβήθη σφόδρα ἀπὸ προσώπου Ἀγχοῦς βασιλέως Γέθ.
   (Kai etheto Dawid ta ɽaʸmata en taʸ kardia autou, kai efobaʸthaʸ sfodra apo prosōpou Agⱪous basileōs Geth.)


TSNTyndale Study Notes:

21:10-15 Gath, a major Philistine city and the hometown of Goliath, was a clever but dangerous place for David to seek refuge from Saul.


UTNuW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

(Occurrence 0) in their hands

(Some words not found in UHB: and=he/it_assigned Dāvid DOM the,words the=these in/on/at/with,heart,him and,afraid very from=face/in_front_of ʼAkīsh king Gat )

Here “hands” are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “in their presence”

BI 1Sa 21:13 ©