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1 Sam 21 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V14 V15

Parallel 1 SAM 21:13

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not necessarily natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for Bible-translators and others doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still early looks into the drafted texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

B I ◄ ← 1 Sam 21:13 ↓ → ► ≡ ═ ©  

Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal Speaker(s)=Narrator (All still tentative.)

OET (OET-RV) so he changed his behaviour when he was with them and pretended to be insane.[ref] He scratched on wooden doors and let his saliva dribble down his beard.


21:13: Psa 34 header.OET logo mark

OET-LV (SA1 21:14) [fn] and_he_changed_it DOM sense_of_his in_eyes_of_their and_he_acted_like_a_madman in_hand_of_their and[fn] on the_doors_of the_gate and_he_made_to_flow_down spittle_of_his to beard_of_his.


21:14 Note: KJB: 1Sam.21.13

21:14 OSHB variant note: ו/יתו: (x-qere) ’וַ/יְתָיו֙’: lemma=c/8427 n=0.1.0 morph=HC/Vpw3ms id=09bst וַ/יְתָיו֙OET logo mark

UHB 14 וַ⁠יְשַׁנּ֤⁠וֹ אֶת־טַעְמ⁠וֹ֙ בְּ⁠עֵ֣ינֵי⁠הֶ֔ם וַ⁠יִּתְהֹלֵ֖ל בְּ⁠יָדָ֑⁠ם ו⁠יתו [fn] עַל־דַּלְת֣וֹת הַ⁠שַּׁ֔עַר וַ⁠יּ֥וֹרֶד רִיר֖⁠וֹ אֶל־זְקָנֽ⁠וֹ׃ ‡
   (14 va⁠yəshann⁠ō ʼet-ţaˊm⁠ō bə⁠ˊēynēy⁠hem va⁠yyitholēl bə⁠yādā⁠m v⁠ytv ˊal-daltōt ha⁠shshaˊar va⁠yyōred rīr⁠ō ʼel-zəqān⁠ō.)

Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).


Q וַיְתָיו֙

BrLXX (SA1 21:14) Καὶ ἠλλοίωσε τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ, καὶ προσεποιήσατο ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ, καὶ ἐτυμπάνιζεν ἐπὶ ταῖς θύραις τῆς πόλεως, καὶ παρεφέρετο ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔπιπτεν ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας τῆς πύλης, καὶ τὰ σίελα αὐτοῦ κατέῤῥει ἐπὶ τὸν πώγωνα αὐτοῦ.
   (Kai aʸlloiōse to prosōpon autou enōpion autou, kai prosepoiaʸsato en taʸ haʸmera ekeinaʸ, kai etumpanizen epi tais thurais taʸs poleōs, kai parefereto en tais ⱪersin autou, kai epipten epi tas thuras taʸs pulaʸs, kai ta siela autou kateɽɽei epi ton pōgōna autou.)

BrTr (SA1 21:14) And he changed his appearance before him, and feigned himself a false character in that day; and drummed upon the doors of the city, and used extravagant gestures with his hands, and fell against the doors of the gate, and his spittle ran down upon his beard.


ULT So he changed his behavior in their eyes, and he acted insane in their hand. And he made marks on the doors of the gate, and he caused his saliva to go down to his beard.

UST So whenever he was with those officers or the king, he acted differently. For as long as he was in Gath, where they could harm him, he pretended that he was insane. When he was waiting in the court outside the palace, he would scratch all over the gate that led into the palace. He also drooled so much that saliva ran down onto his beard.

BSB & MSB So he changed his behavior before them and feigned madness in their hands; he scratched on the doors of the gate and let his saliva run down his beard.

OEB No OEB SA1 21:13 book available

WEBBE & WMBB He changed his behaviour before them and pretended to be insane in their hands, and scribbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down on his beard.

NET He altered his behavior in their presence. Since he was in their power, he pretended to be insane, making marks on the doors of the gate and letting his saliva run down his beard.

LSV and changes his behavior before their eyes, and feigns himself mad in their hand, and scribbles on the doors of the gate, and lets down his spittle to his beard.

FBV So he changed the way he acted toward them and pretended to be crazy. He scratched marks on the town gates and let his spit run down his beard.

T4T So he pretended that he was insane. He started scratching on the gates of the city and allowing his saliva to run down his beard.

LEB So he changed his behavior ⌊before them⌋[fn] and pretended to be mad ⌊in their presence⌋.[fn] He made scratches on the doors of the gate and let his saliva run down into his beard.


21:13 Literally “in their eyes”

21:13 Literally “in their hands”

BBE So changing his behaviour before them, he made it seem as if he was off his head, hammering on the doors of the town, and letting the water from his mouth go down his chin.

Moff No Moff SA1 21:13 book available

JPS (SA1 21:14) (21-15) Then said Achish unto his servants: 'Lo, when ye see a man that is mad, wherefore do ye bring him to me?

ASV And he changed his behavior before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.

DRA And he changed his countenance before them, and slipt down between their hands: and he stumbled against the doors of the gate, and his spittle ran down upon his beard.

YLT and changeth his behaviour before their eyes, and feigneth himself mad in their hand, and scribbleth on the doors of the gate, and letteth down his spittle unto his beard.

Drby And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scratched on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down on his beard.

RV And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.

SLT And he will change his understanding in their eyes, and he will be foolish in their hand, and he will mark upon the doors of the gate, and his spittle will come down upon his beard.

Wbstr And he changed his behavior before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.

KJB-1769 And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.[fn]


21.13 scrabbled: or, made marks

KJB-1611 And he changed his behauiour before them, and fained himselfe mad in their hands, and [fn]scrabled on the doores of the gate, and let his spittle fall downe vpon his beard.
   (Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above apart from footnotes)


21:13 Or, made markes.

Bshps And he chaunged his speache before them, and fained him selfe mad in their handes, and scrabled on the doores of the gate, and let his spettell fall downe vpon his beard.
   (And he changed his speech before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard.)

Gnva And hee changed his behauiour before them, and fayned him selfe mad in their handes, and scrabled on the doores of the gate, and let his spettel fall downe vpon his beard.
   (And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spatl fall down upon his beard.)

Cvdl and altered his countenaunce before them, and shewed himselfe as he had bene madd in their handes, and stackered towarde the dores of the gate, and his slauerynges ranne downe his beerd.
   (and altered his countenance before them, and showed himself as he had been mad in their hands, and staggered toward the doors of the gate, and his slaverings ran down his beard.)

Wycl And Dauid chaungide his mouth bifor Achis, and felde doun bitwixe her hondis, and he hurtlide ayens the doris of the yate, and his drauelis, `that is, spotelis, flowiden doun in to the beerd.
   (And David changed his mouth before Achish, and field down between her hands, and he hurled against the doors of the gate, and his dribble, that is, spittle, flowed down in to the beard.)

Luth (SA1 21:14) Und verstellete seine Gebärde vor ihnen und kollerte unter ihren Händen und stieß sich an die Tür am Tor, und sein Geifer floß ihm in den Bart.
   (And misaligned his appearance/gesture before/in_front_of to_them and rolled under your(pl) hands and encountered itself/yourself/themselves at/to the door in/at/on_the doorway, and be spittle flowed him in the Bart.)

ClVg Et immutavit os suum coram eis, et collabebatur inter manus eorum: et impingebat in ostia portæ, defluebantque salivæ ejus in barbam.
   (And changed mouth his_own before to_them, and was_collapsing between hands their: and was_striking_against in/into/on doors gates, and_they_were_flowing_down spittle his/her in/into/on beard.)


HAP Hebrew accents and phrasing: See Allan Johnson's Hebrew accents and phrasing analysis.

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

בְּ⁠עֵ֣ינֵי⁠הֶ֔ם

(Some words not found in UHB: and,he,changed_it DOM sense_of,his in,eyes_of,their and,he_acted_like_a_madman in,hand_of,their and, on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in doors_of of,the_gate and,he_made_to_flow_down spittle_of,his to/towards beard_of,his )

See how you translated this similar expression in [1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: [while they were watching]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

בְּ⁠יָדָ֑⁠ם

(Some words not found in UHB: and,he,changed_it DOM sense_of,his in,eyes_of,their and,he_acted_like_a_madman in,hand_of,their and, on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in doors_of of,the_gate and,he_made_to_flow_down spittle_of,his to/towards beard_of,his )

The author is using the term hand to represent control or custody. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: [for as long as he was in their custody]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

ו⁠יתו עַל־דַּלְת֣וֹת הַ⁠שַּׁ֔עַר

and, on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in (Some words not found in UHB: and,he,changed_it DOM sense_of,his in,eyes_of,their and,he_acted_like_a_madman in,hand_of,their and, on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in doors_of of,the_gate and,he_made_to_flow_down spittle_of,his to/towards beard_of,his )

This could mean: (1) that David scratched the doors of the gate with his fingernails. Alternate translation: [And he scratched the doors of the gate with his fingernails]; (2) that David scribbled nonsense on the doors of the gate. Alternate translation: [And he scribbled nonsense on the doors of the gate]

B I ◄ ← 1 Sam 21:13 ↑ → ► ≡ ═ ©