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Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche
ἀνεῖλεν & Ἰάκωβον
˱he˲_killed & Jacobus
It was probably not Herod himself who killed James. Rather, he most likely ordered his soldiers to do this. Alternate translation: [he ordered his soldiers to execute James]
12:1-5 Jesus had clearly predicted persecution and hardship for his followers (Luke 11:49-51). For the first time since Jesus’ death, Roman authorities took direct violent action against the church. James, the brother of John, was one of the first called to be a disciple (Mark 1:16-20; Luke 5:1-11), and he was one of the first Christians to be martyred for his faith.
• King Herod Agrippa attacked the church (cp. Acts 12:20-23), a move that he found to be politically helpful with the Jewish people. The letter of James, the brother of Jesus, was probably written after this persecution to the scattered Christians (see 8:1-4; James Book Introduction, “Date of Writing”).
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the SR-GNT.