DAN 9:24 Interlinear View

1. Hebrew word
2. Hebrew lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. Gloss
8. CAPS codes
9. OET tags
10. OET word #
1. שָׁבֻעִים
2. 518043
3. Sevens
4. -
5. 7620
6. S-Ncmpa
7. sevens
8. S
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362127
1. שִׁבְעִים
2. 518044
3. seventy
4. -
5. 7657
6. S-Acbpa
7. seventy
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362128
1. נֶחְתַּךְ
2. 518045
3. it has been decreed
4. decreed
5. 2852
6. V-VNp3ms
7. it_has_been_decreed
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362129
1. עַֽל
2. 518046
3. on
4. -
6. S-R
7. on
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362130
2. 518047
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 362131
1. עַמְּ,ךָ
2. 518048,518049
3. people of your
4. people
6. S-Ncmsc,Sp2ms
7. people_of,your
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362132
2. 518050
3. -
4. -
6. -x-paseq
8. -
9. -
10. 362133
1. וְ,עַל
2. 518051,518052
3. and on
4. -
6. S-C,R
7. and,on
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362134
2. 518053
3. -
4. -
6. -x-maqqef
8. -
9. -
10. 362135
1. עִיר
2. 518054
3. the city of
4. city
6. S-Ncfsc
7. the_city_of
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362136
1. קָדְשֶׁ,ךָ
2. 518055,518056
3. your holiness of your
4. -
5. 6944
6. S-Ncmsc,Sp2ms
7. your_holiness_of,your
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362137
1. לְ,כַלֵּא
2. 518057,518058
3. to put an end to
4. -
5. 3607
6. SV-R,Vpc
7. to,put_an_end_to
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362138
1. הַ,פֶּשַׁע
2. 518059,518060
3. the transgression
4. transgression
5. 6588
6. O-Td,Ncmsa
7. the,transgression
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362139
1. ו,ל,חתם
2. 518061,518062,518063
3. and to complete
4. end
5. 2856
6. SV-C,R,Vqc
7. and,to,complete
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362140
2. 518064
3. -
4. -
6. -
8. -
9. -
10. 362141
1. חטאות
2. 518065
3. sin
4. sin
6. O-Ncfpa
7. sin
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362142
2. 518066
3. -
4. -
6. -
8. -
9. -
10. 362143
1. וּ,לְ,כַפֵּר
2. 518067,518068,518069
3. and to atone for
4. -
6. SV-C,R,Vpc
7. and,to,atone_for
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362144
1. עָוֺן
2. 518070
3. iniquity
4. -
5. 5771
6. O-Ncbsa
7. iniquity
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362145
1. וּ,לְ,הָבִיא
2. 518071,518072,518073
3. and to bring
4. bring
5. 935
6. SV-C,R,Vhc
7. and,to,bring
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362146
1. צֶדֶק
2. 518074
3. righteousness of
4. righteousness
5. 6664
6. O-Ncmsc
7. righteousness_of
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362147
1. עֹלָמִים
2. 518075
3. perpetuity
4. forever
5. 5769
6. O-Ncmpa
7. perpetuity
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362148
1. וְ,לַ,חְתֹּם
2. 518076,518077,518078
3. and to seal up
4. -
5. 2856
6. SV-C,R,Vqc
7. and,to,seal_up
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362149
1. חָזוֹן
2. 518079
3. vision
4. vision
5. 2377
6. O-Ncmsa
7. vision
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362150
1. וְ,נָבִיא
2. 518080,518081
3. and prophet
4. prophecy
5. 5030
6. O-C,Ncmsa
7. and,prophet
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362151
1. וְ,לִ,מְשֹׁחַ
2. 518082,518083,518084
3. and to anoint
4. anoint
5. 4886
6. SV-C,R,Vqc
7. and,to,anoint
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362152
1. קֹדֶשׁ
2. 518085
3. a holy place of
4. place
5. 6944
6. O-Ncmsc
7. a_holy_place_of
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362153
1. קָדָשִׁים
2. 518086
3. holy places
4. -
5. 6944
6. O-Ncmpa
7. holy_places
8. -
9. Y-538; TProphecies_of_Daniel
10. 362154
2. 518087
3. -
4. -
6. -x-sof-pasuq
8. -
9. -
10. 362155

9:24 OSHB variant note: ו/ל/חתם: (x-qere) ’וּ/לְ/הָתֵ֤ם’: lemma_c/l/8552 morph_HC/R/Vhc id_27np9 וּ/לְ/הָתֵ֤ם

9:24 OSHB variant note: חטאות: (x-qere) ’חַטָּאת֙’: lemma_2403 b n_1.1.0 morph_HNcfsa id_27Yj4 חַטָּאת֙

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 9:1–27: Daniel asked God to help Jerusalem and received a message from Gabriel concerning seventy weeks

The vision recorded in this chapter occurred during the first year of the reign of Darius (538 B.C.). Thirteen years had therefore passed since Daniel received the vision described in chapter 8. Daniel was now more than eighty years old.

Daniel had read in the book of Jeremiah that God’s people would remain in exile and serve the king of Babylon for seventy years (Jeremiah 25:11). During that time the city of Jerusalem would remain in ruins. However, God had promised to bring his people back to the land of Judah after the seventy years were over (Jeremiah 29:10). Now Daniel realized that the seventy-year period was almost at an end. He prayed for his people and for Jerusalem. In response, God sent the angel Gabriel to reveal what would happen in the future.

Paragraph 9:24–27

The interpretation of this paragraph is extremely controversial. Scholars do not agree as to how or when the words of Gabriel were or will be fulfilled. It is therefore important to translate the text as it stands, without attempting to explain any past or future fulfillment. It is probable that the prophecies were (or will be) fulfilled in more than one way and at more than one time. Antiochus Epiphanes defiled the temple in 167 BC, and Jesus saw the destruction of Jerusalem by the Roman army in AD 70 as another fulfillment (see Matthew 24:15 and Mark 13:14). Daniel’s words may also have reference to the end times. It is therefore recommended that the translator use vocabulary that permits multiple fulfillments. The translator should not include notes that allow for only one way of understanding Gabriel’s words.

9:24a

Seventy weeks are decreed for your people and your holy city

¶ “Seventy weeks have been decided for your people and your holy city
¶ “Seven times seventy years is the length of time God has set for freeing your people and your holy city. (GNT)
¶ “God has decided/declared that 70 weeks of years will/must pass for your people and your holy city.

Seventy weeks are decreed: The Hebrew verb that the BSB translates as decreed means “determined, decided.” This is a passive clause. The implied actor is God. God had decided that something should happen for seventy “sevens.” There are two ways to translate this:

using a passive verb. For example:
Seventy weeks are decreed (NRSV)
Seventy weeks have been determined (NET)
a period of seventy sets of seven had been decreed (NLT)
using an active verb, with the subject supplied. For example:
Seven times seventy years is the length of time God has set (GNT)
God has decided that seventy weeks of years must pass

Seventy weeks: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as weeks is literally “sevens.” This word is normally used of a literal week, a period of seven days. Most scholars believe that here, as in Jeremiah 25:11–12, the reference is to a period of years. Jeremiah spoke of 70 years, and Daniel of 70 weeks of years, that is, 70 x 7 or 490 years. Some English translations make this explicit. For example,

Seven times seventy years (GNT)

It will probably be necessary to write a footnote here, explaining that the Hebrew is literally “sevens” and that “sevens” is a way to refer to the seven-day week.

Some scholars believe this to be a symbolic period of time. Others believe that this is a way of referring to a period of 490 years. However, scholars do not agree as to which 490 years this is a reference.

for your people and your holy city: The phrase your people refers to the people of Israel and your holy city to the city of Jerusalem.

9:24b–d

These three verse parts speak of transgression, sin, and wickedness. These three words are close in meaning. The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as “transgression” means “rebellion, revolt.” The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as “sin” refers to an act that is morally wrong and the guilt that results from it. The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as “wickedness” can also refer to both sin and guilt.

9:24b

to stop their transgression,

to end their rebellion
During this time he will put an end to rebellion
This is to stop them from turning against God/him,

to stop their transgression: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as transgression refers to rebelling against authority. The Hebrew word is literally “the transgression” and may refer specifically to Israel’s rebellion against God. Here are some other ways to translate this:

for putting an end to transgression (NJB)

to put an end to rebellion (NET)

to finish their rebellion (NLT)

9:24c

to put an end to sin,

to bring sin to an end,
and sin.
and to bring an end to sin.

to put an end to sin: There is a textual problem with the Hebrew verb that the BSB translates as to put an end to. The written form of the consonantal text reads “to seal up,” but the traditional form to be read aloud is “to finish.” The two possibilities are:

The original Hebrew verb meant “to complete, finish.” For example:

to make an end of sin (NASB) (BSB, NIV, NET, NLT, KJV, NASB, RSV/NRSV, ESV, REB)

The original Hebrew verb meant “to seal up.” For example:
for placing the seal on sin (NJB)
(NJB)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1) and the traditional spoken form of the Hebrew text.

9:24d

to make atonement for iniquity,

to atone for iniquity, (NET)
He will atone for their guilt,
He will make compensation/amends for sin/evil

to make atonement for iniquity: The Hebrew verb that the BSB translates as make atonement basically means “to ransom, give a gift to secure favor.” It is used frequently in Leviticus for the action of the priest in offering a sacrifice to obtain forgiveness for sin. This sacrifice was understood as compensation offered to God for the sin of the one who offered it. Some other ways to translate this include:

to atone for their guilt (NLT)

to reconcile wicked people to himself

to compensate for wickedness

In some languages it may be necessary to supply a subject and say who would make atonement for iniquity. God himself would atone for the wicked things that people had done. He would compensate for their sin by himself giving as an offering to cover their sin and so reconcile God with man.

9:24e

to bring in everlasting righteousness,

to bring in justice that will last forever,
bring in eternal justice,
and then he will judge rightly/justly forever.

to bring in everlasting righteousness: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as righteousness is the common word that refers to what is right and good, justice. It is implied that God is the one who will bring in eternal justice, and that he will do so on earth and for his people. Other ways to translate this include:

to bring in goodness that continues forever (NCV)

for introducing everlasting righteousness (NJB)

and justice will rule forever (CEV)

In some languages it may be necessary to supply a subject and indicate that God is the one who will bring in everlasting righteousness:

God will bring in eternal goodness/justice

9:24f

to seal up vision and prophecy,

to confirm visions and prophecies,
ratify/verify vision and prophecy,
He will fulfill all vision and prophecy

to seal up vision and prophecy: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as to seal up is a metaphor. In Daniel’s time, people sealed their letters or other documents with a wax seal that had an identifying mark. This seal confirmed the identity of the sender and showed that the letter or document was genuine. In this context this is figurative language meaning “to confirm, to show something to be true/genuine.” There are several ways to translate this:

keeping the metaphor. For example:
to seal both vision and prophet (NRSV)
translating the meaning of the metaphor. For example:
to bring about the vision and prophecy (NCV)
God will confirm both the vision and the prophet/prophecy

vision and prophecy: The Hebrew phrase that the BSB translates as vision and prophecy is literally “vision and prophet.” This phrase probably refers to the prophet Jeremiah and his prophecy of the seventy years (Jeremiah 25:11–12).

9:24g

and to anoint the Most Holy Place.

and anoint a holy of holies.
and anoint that which is most holy.
and he will cause the very holy place/one to be anointed.

and to anoint the Most Holy Place: The Hebrew phrase that the BSB translates as the Most Holy Place is literally “holy of holies.” The BSB has supplied the word Place. Many recent scholars consider that this refers to the temple in Jerusalem. The anointing would then refer to the ceremony by which the temple sanctuary was restored and rededicated after it was defiled. See the note on 8:14. But it was more common for priests and kings to be anointed and so appointed to God’s service. It is therefore good to consider that this may refer to the anointing of a man set apart for God, the Messiah, who would be the priest of the new covenant and the new temple. This is the traditional Christian understanding.See the discussion by Andrew Steinmann, Concordia Commentary, Daniel, pages 465–468. Try to translate in such a way that this phrase can refer to either a holy place or a holy man, the anointed Messiah. It is hard to do this in English, but in some languages it may be possible. For example:

to anoint a most holy one

so that the holy of holies will be anointed

anoint: The Hebrew verb that the BSB translates as anoint refers to pouring a little oil on someone or something in order to appoint them to a specific service for God. See how you translated this in 1 Samuel 2:10, 9:16, 1 Kings 1:34, and Psalm 23:5.

the Most Holy Place: As mentioned above, the English word Place has been supplied by the BSB. If possible, avoid using a word that can only refer to a physical place. You may wish to insert a footnote saying something like: “The Hebrew phrase can refer to a person who is holy to God (the Messiah), or to a building (the temple). This prophecy may include both ideas.”

Most Holy: The Hebrew word that the BSB translates as Holy means to be separated and set aside for God, dedicated to God.

General Comment on 9:24b-g

These six clauses refer to six things that will happen within the period of the seventy weeks of years. In the BSB, as in the Hebrew, the verbs describing each event are in the infinitive form (“to stop,” “to put an end,” “to make atonement,” “to bring in,” “to seal up,” “to anoint”). In some languages it will be more natural to use finite verbs. These can be in one of two forms:

using active verbs. For example:
Then God will bring rebellion and wickedness to an end. He will atone for sin, and introduce/establish eternal justice. The visions and words of the prophet will come true, and they will anoint the most holy place/one.
using passive verbs. For example:
the rebellion will be stopped, sin brought to an end, iniquity expiated, everlasting right ushered in, vision and prophecy ratified, and the Most Holy Place anointed. (REB)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

שָׁבֻעִ֨ים שִׁבְעִ֜ים נֶחְתַּ֥ךְ

weeks seventy decreed

The expression have been determined is a passive verbal form. If it would be unnatural to use that form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [God has determined seventy sevens]

Note 2 topic: translate-numbers

שָׁבֻעִ֨ים שִׁבְעִ֜ים

weeks seventy

The expression Seventy sevens refers to seventy units of seven. Translate this number according to the conventions of your own language and culture. Alternate translation: [Seventy periods of seven]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

לְ⁠כַלֵּ֨א הַ⁠פֶּ֜שַׁע ו⁠ל⁠חתם חטאות וּ⁠לְ⁠כַפֵּ֣ר עָוֺ֔ן וּ⁠לְ⁠הָבִ֖יא צֶ֣דֶק עֹֽלָמִ֑ים

to,put_an_end_to the,transgression and,to,complete sin and,to,atone_for iniquity and,to,bring righteousness_of everlasting

If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of transgression, sins, iniquity, and righteousness, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: [to stop people from transgressing and to seal up what they have done wrongly and to cover what they have done perversely and to bring in what is eternally right]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

ו⁠ל⁠חתם חטאות

and,to,complete sin

Gabriel is speaking as if putting an end to sins were to seal up a container so that nothing more could come out of it. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [and to put an end to sins]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וּ⁠לְ⁠כַפֵּ֣ר עָוֺ֔ן

and,to,atone_for iniquity

Gabriel is speaking as if forgiving iniquity were to cover it so that it could no longer be seen. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [and to forgive iniquity]

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

וְ⁠לַ⁠חְתֹּם֙ חָז֣וֹן וְ⁠נָבִ֔יא

and,to,seal_up vision and,prophet

Gabriel is speaking as if bringing about what the prophets foretold were to seal up a document to certify it. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [and to fulfill vision and prophecy]

Note 7 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

וְ⁠לִ⁠מְשֹׁ֖חַ קֹ֥דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִֽׁים

and,to,anoint holy_of holy_ones

This could mean: (1) the Holy of Holies refers to the most holy place in the temple or (2) it refers to a most holy person. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [and to anoint the most holy place in the temple]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)