YHN 19:14 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. ἦν
2. eimi
3. it was
4. -
5. 15100
6. VIIA3··S
7. ˱it˲ was
8. ˱it˲ was
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79562
1. Δέ
2. de
3. And
4. and
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y33
11. 79563
1. παρασκευή
2. paraskeuē
3. +the preparation day
4. day prepared
5. 39040
6. N····NFS
7. ˓the˒ preparation ‹day›
8. ˓the˒ Preparation ‹day›
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79564
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. of the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GNS
7. ˱of˲ the
8. ˱of˲ the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79565
1. Πάσχα
2. pasχa
3. passover feast
4. -
5. 39570
6. N····GNS
7. passover_\add feast\add*
8. Passover
9. U
10. Y33
11. 79566
1. ὥρα
2. hōra
3. +the hour
4. -
5. 56100
6. N····NFS
7. ˓the˒ hour
8. ˓the˒ hour
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79567
1. ἦν
2. eimi
3. was
4. -
5. 15100
6. VIIA3··S
7. was
8. was
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79568
1. δέ
2. de
3. -
4. -
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. -
11. 79569
1. ὡς
2. hōs
3. about
4. about
5. 56130
6. D·······
7. about
8. about
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79570
1. ὡσεί
2. hōsei
3. -
4. -
5. 56160
6. D·······
7. about
8. about
9. -
10. -
11. 79571
1. ἕκτη
2. hektos
3. +the sixth
4. -
5. 16230
6. S····NFS
7. ˓the˒ sixth
8. ˓the˒ sixth
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79572
1. Καί
2. kai
3. And
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y33
11. 79573
1. λέγει
2. legō
3. he is saying
4. said
5. 30040
6. VIPA3··S
7. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ saying
8. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ saying
9. -
10. Y33; R79534
11. 79574
1. λέγε
2. legō
3. -
4. -
5. 30040
6. VIIA3··S
7. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ saying
8. ˱he˲ ˓was˒ saying
9. -
10. -
11. 79575
1. τοῖς
2. ho
3. to the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····DMP
7. ˱to˲ the
8. ˱to˲ the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79576
1. Ἰουδαίοις
2. ioudaios
3. Youdaiōns
4. -
5. 24530
6. S····DMP
7. Youdaiōns
8. Jews
9. U
10. Y33; F79578; F79581; F79587; F79593; F79598; F79604; F79613; F79619; F79653
11. 79577
1. Ἴδε
2. horaō
3. Behold
4. “Look
5. 37080
6. IMAA2··S
7. see
8. behold
9. D
10. Y33; R79577
11. 79578
1. ὁ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79579
1. βασιλεύς
2. basileus
3. king
4. king
5. 9350
6. N····NMS
7. king
8. king
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79580
1. ὑμῶν
2. su
3. of you all
4. your
5. 47710
6. R···2G·P
7. ˱of˲ you_all
8. ˱of˲ you_all
9. -
10. Y33; R79577
11. 79581

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 18:28–19:16a: Pilate investigated Jesus and decided that he should die

This section tells how the soldiers took Jesus to the Roman governor, Pilate. Pilate questioned Jesus to find out why the Jews wanted him to punish Jesus with death. He could find no reason to do that. But the Jewish leaders there insisted that Pilate crucify him. Finally, Pilate agreed that Jesus could be crucified.

Here are other possible section headings:

Pilate questioned the Jews and Jesus and sent Jesus to be crucified

Pilate investigated Jesus and decided that he could be punished with death

Jesus’ trial and judgment before Pilate

This section can be divided into seven smaller pieces, where each piece is a separate event. Jews often arranged written materials to include seven related pieces, where the first and last pieces relate, and the second and sixth relate, and the third and fifth relate. Then the middle piece, the fourth, stands alone and is emphasized. That happens in this section as well. Here is a chart showing the seven pieces of this section and how they relate:

18:28–32: Outside the house; Jews ask for Jesus’ death

18:33–38a: Inside the house; Pilate asks Jesus if he is King of the Jews

18:38b–40: Outside the house; Pilate says, “I find no case against him.”

19:1–3: The soldiers beat Jesus with a whip and pretend that he is the king of the Jews

19:4–8: Outside the house; Pilate says, “I find no case against him.”

19:8–11: Inside the house; Pilate asks Jesus where he came from

19:12–16a: Outside the house; Pilate allows Jews to crucify Jesus

The middle piece, 19:1–3, is different from all the other pieces. Pilate is only mentioned and is not an important person in this event. That is different from all the other pieces. This middle piece therefore is emphasized. The only ones who seem to worship Jesus in the whole section do so in this middle piece. However, they only pretend to worship and are very cruel as they mock Jesus.

In your translation, you may want to find ways to emphasize 19:1–3. Also, try to translate this section in ways that make it possible to see the connections between the pieces.

Paragraph 19:12–16a

This paragraph tells of Pilate’s last attempt to get the Jewish religious leaders to agree to release Jesus. The Jewish leaders threatened him by implying that releasing Jesus would make the emperor angry. So finally Pilate condemned Jesus to death.

19:14a

It was the day of Preparation for the Passover,

It was the day in the Passover festival when the Jews prepared for the Sabbath,
This took place during the week of the Death-Passed-Over-Us feast, on Friday,

In Greek this verse begins with a conjunction that is often translated as “Now.” Here it introduces some background information. It is not a time word referring to the present. Some English versions, like the BSB, leave this word implied.

It was the day of Preparation for the Passover: The Greek text that the BSB translates as the day of Preparation for the Passover is more literally “the preparation of the Passover.” This probably refers to the Friday of Passover week. That was the day of preparation for the Sabbath that happened during Passover week. Here are other ways to translate this Greek phrase:

It was…Preparation Day of Passover week (NCV)

…on the Friday of the Passover festival (GW)

the day of Preparation: This phrase usually refers to Friday, when Jewish people prepared for the Sabbath. On the Sabbath, Saturday, they did not work, so it was necessary to prepare meals and clean the previous day. See Mark 15:42 and Luke 23:54.

Passover: Passover is the Jewish feast that celebrates how God rescued the Jewish people from being slaves in Egypt. This term is also used in John 2:13; 6:4; 11:55; 12:1; 13:1; and 18:28. For more information see the note on John 2:13a. Also see how you translated the word there.

Passover could be on any day of the week. The word Passover was sometimes used to refer to the whole week of the festival. That is probably the case here.See Carson, pages 603–604, and Kostenberger, page 537.

19:14b

about the sixth hour.

and it was the middle of the day.
late in the morning.

about the sixth hour: The BSB translates the Greek phrase literally as about the sixth hour. Jewish people normally started counting the hours of the day from sunrise, about 6 a.m., so this would have been about 12 noon.A few scholars think that John follows Roman time here and the sixth hour was 6 a.m. (See GW: “The time was about six o’clock in the morning.”) They think that because Mark 15:25 says that Jesus was crucified at the third hour. However, Roman time was only later different from Jewish time, and then only rarely. Therefore it makes better sense to see both Mark and John as giving an approximate time because neither one had a watch. Mark especially could have just referred to the quarter of the day, from 9 a.m. to noon. So both Pilate’s judgment and the crucifixion happened in the late morning. The same expression is used in 4:6. See the note there. Translate this phrase in a way that is natural in your language. For example:

It was then almost noon (GNT)

in the late morning

General Comment on 19:14a–b

In some languages it may be natural to reverse the order of the information in 19:14a–b. For example:

^14bIt was then almost noon ^14aon the Friday of the Passover week/festival.

19:14c

And Pilate said to the Jews, “Here is your King!”

And Pilate said to the Jewish people, “This is your^(plur) king!”
Pilate said to the Jewish crowd, “Look! Here is your^(plur) king!”

And Pilate said to the Jews: The word the BSB translates as Pilate is literally the pronoun “he” and refers to Pilate.

the Jews: This phrase refers to the same group as mentioned in 19:12, the Jews who were accusing Jesus. See how you translated it there.

Here is your King!: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Here is calls attention to what follows. See how you translated this expression in 1:29. Here it means that the people should look at Jesus. For example:

Look at your king! (CEV)

your King: Pilate called Jesus their King because that is what the chief priests accused him of saying that he was. But Pilate did not think that Jesus was really their king. He was mocking the Jews, because they should be protecting their king, not asking for him to be killed.

your: This pronoun is plural and refers to the Jewish people in general.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-background

δὲ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἦν Δέ παρασκευή τοῦ Πάσχα ὥρα ἦν ὡς ἕκτη Καί λέγει τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις Ἴδε ὁ βασιλεύς ὑμῶν)

Now marks a break in the storyline. Here John provides information about the upcoming Passover festival and the time of day when Pilate presented Jesus to the Jewish leaders. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information.

ὥρα ἦν ὡς ἕκτη

˓the˒_hour was about ˓the˒_sixth

In this culture, people counted the hours each day beginning around daybreak at six o’clock in the morning. Here, the sixth hour indicates noon. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this in the way the people of your culture reckon time. Alternate translation: [about noon] or [about 12:00 PM]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / pastforfuture

λέγει

˱he˲_˓is˒_saying

Here John uses the present tense in past narration in order to call attention to a development in the story.

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche

λέγει τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις

˱he˲_˓is˒_saying ˱to˲_the Jews

Here, the Jews refers to the Jewish leaders. See how you translated this term in [1:19](../01/19.md).

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. And
2. and
3. 11610
4. S
5. de
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y33
11. 79563
1. it was
2. -
3. 15100
5. eimi
6. V-IIA3··S
7. ˱it˲ was
8. ˱it˲ was
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79562
1. +the preparation day
2. day prepared
3. 39040
5. paraskeuē
6. N-····NFS
7. ˓the˒ preparation ‹day›
8. ˓the˒ Preparation ‹day›
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79564
1. of the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GNS
7. ˱of˲ the
8. ˱of˲ the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79565
1. passover feast
2. -
3. 39570
4. U
5. pasχa
6. N-····GNS
7. passover_\add feast\add*
8. Passover
9. U
10. Y33
11. 79566
1. +the hour
2. -
3. 56100
5. hōra
6. N-····NFS
7. ˓the˒ hour
8. ˓the˒ hour
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79567
1. was
2. -
3. 15100
5. eimi
6. V-IIA3··S
7. was
8. was
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79568
1. about
2. about
3. 56130
5. hōs
6. D-·······
7. about
8. about
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79570
1. +the sixth
2. -
3. 16230
5. hektos
6. S-····NFS
7. ˓the˒ sixth
8. ˓the˒ sixth
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79572
1. And
2. -
3. 25320
4. S
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y33
11. 79573
1. he is saying
2. said
3. 30040
5. legō
6. V-IPA3··S
7. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ saying
8. ˱he˲ ˓is˒ saying
9. -
10. Y33; R79534
11. 79574
1. to the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····DMP
7. ˱to˲ the
8. ˱to˲ the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79576
1. Youdaiōns
2. -
3. 24530
4. U
5. ioudaios
6. S-····DMP
7. Youdaiōns
8. Jews
9. U
10. Y33; F79578; F79581; F79587; F79593; F79598; F79604; F79613; F79619; F79653
11. 79577
1. Behold
2. “Look
3. 37080
4. D
5. horaō
6. I-MAA2··S
7. see
8. behold
9. D
10. Y33; R79577
11. 79578
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····NMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79579
1. king
2. king
3. 9350
5. basileus
6. N-····NMS
7. king
8. king
9. -
10. Y33
11. 79580
1. of you all
2. your
3. 47710
5. su
6. R-···2G·P
7. ˱of˲ you_all
8. ˱of˲ you_all
9. -
10. Y33; R79577
11. 79581

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear YHN (JHN) 19:14