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Yhn 19 V1 V3 V5 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41

OET interlinear YHN (JHN) 19:17

◄ ← YHN (JHN) 19:17 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Καί
    2. kai
    3. And
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 79631
    1. βαστάζων
    2. bastazō
    3. bearing
    4. -
    5. 9410
    6. VPPA·NMS
    7. bearing
    8. bearing
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79625; Person=Jesus
    11. 79632
    1. αὐτῷ
    2. autos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DMS
    7. ˱to˲ himself
    8. ˱to˲ himself
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 79633
    1. ἑαυτῷ
    2. heautou
    3. to himself
    4. himself
    5. 14380
    6. R···3DMS
    7. ˱to˲ himself
    8. ˱to˲ himself
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79634
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79635
    1. σταυρόν
    2. stauros
    3. stake
    4. -
    5. 47160
    6. N····AMS
    7. stake
    8. cross
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79636
    1. ἑαυτοῦ
    2. heautou
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 14380
    6. R···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ himself
    8. ˱of˲ himself
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 79637
    1. αὐτοῦ
    2. autos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMS
    7. ˱of˲ himself
    8. ˱of˲ himself
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 79638
    1. ἐξῆλθεν
    2. exerχomai
    3. he came out
    4. -
    5. 18310
    6. VIAA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ came_out
    8. ˱he˲ came_out
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79625; Person=Jesus
    11. 79639
    1. εἰς
    2. eis
    3. to
    4. -
    5. 15190
    6. P·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79640
    1. τόπον
    2. topos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 51170
    6. N····AMS
    7. place
    8. place
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 79641
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the place
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····AMS
    7. the ‹place›
    8. the ‹place›
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79642
    1. λεγόμενον
    2. legō
    3. being called
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VPPP·AMS
    7. ˓being˒ called
    8. ˓being˒ called
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79643
    1. Κρανίου
    2. kranion
    3. Of +the skull
    4. -
    5. 28980
    6. N····GNS
    7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ skull
    8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ Skull
    9. WT
    10. Y33
    11. 79644
    1. Τόπον
    2. topos
    3. place
    4. -
    5. 51170
    6. N····AMS
    7. place
    8. Place
    9. W
    10. Y33; F79651
    11. 79645
    1. ὅς
    2. hos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 37390
    6. R····NMS
    7. which
    8. which
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 79646
    1. ὅ
    2. hos
    3. which
    4. -
    5. 37390
    6. R····NNS
    7. which
    8. which
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79647
    1. λέγεται
    2. legō
    3. is being called
    4. -
    5. 30040
    6. VIPP3··S
    7. ˓is_being˒ called
    8. ˓is_being˒ called
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79648
    1. Ἑβραϊστί
    2. Hebraisti
    3. In Hebraios
    4. -
    5. 14470
    6. D·······
    7. in_Hebraios
    8. in_Hebrew
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 79649
    1. Γολγοθᾶ
    2. golgotha
    3. Golgotha/(Gulgolet)
    4. Golgotha
    5. 11150
    6. N····NMS
    7. Golgotha/(Gulgolet)
    8. Golgotha
    9. U
    10. Location=Golgotha; Y33
    11. 79650

OET (OET-LV) And bearing the stake to_himself, he_came_out to the place being_called:
place Of_the_skull, which is_being_called In_Hebraios, Golgotha/(Gulgolet),

OET (OET-RV) Carrying the pole[fn] himself, Yeshua arrived at the Place of the Skull (called Golgotha in Hebrew) just out of the city

19:17 TD: The Greek word used here is used in other places to mean a stake such as used to make a fence. It’s uncertain whether or not it had a horizontal cross-piece, although the Romans did use a range of methods.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 19:16b–27: Soldiers nailed Jesus to a cross

This section describes how the soldiers nailed Jesus to a cross to die. Pilate ordered that they put a sign on the cross saying that Jesus was the King of the Jews. The chief priests complained to Pilate, but he did not change it. While Jesus was dying, the soldiers divided his clothes among themselves. Also, Jesus gave his mother into the care of the disciple whom he loved.

Here are other possible titles for this section:

Jesus’ enemies crucified him

Jesus on the cross

The crucifixion of Jesus

Paragraph 19:16b–22

The soldiers nailed Jesus to a cross to die. Pilate wrote a sign announcing that he was the King of the Jews. The high priests complained about this sign, but Pilate did not change it.

19:17a

Carrying His own cross,

Carrying His own cross: As Jesus began walking, he carried the crossSome scholars think that Jesus was carrying the smaller, horizontal crossbeam rather than the whole cross. However, the author does not mention this and you should translate this literally here. on which the soldiers would crucify him. The other gospels tell us that a man named Simon would have to carry it part of the way. So you do not want to say that Jesus carried the cross the whole way. John just says that he went out, leaving Jerusalem.

In some languages it is necessary to say where or how Jesus was carrying the cross. He was probably carrying it over his shoulder. In some languages it may be more natural to use an independent clause to translate phrase. For example:

He carried his own cross (GW)

His own: The Greek word that the BSB translates as His own indicates that Jesus was carrying his own cross without help. The other gospels say that Jesus did not carry it all the way, but he did carry it at first. Here are other ways to translate this idea:

carrying the cross by himself (NRSV)

and he carried his cross (CEV)

cross: In cultures where a cross is unknown, it is more natural to speak of its use rather than its shape. For example:

the beam on which criminals are nailed to die

the wood on which they would nail/kill him

19:17b

He went out to The Place of the Skull,

He went out: The pronoun He here refers to Jesus, but the soldiers and the crowd went with him. So in some languages it is more natural to make that explicit. For example:

they went out

they left

went out: The verb went out here refers to leaving the city of Jerusalem. In some languages it may be natural to make this explicit. For example:

went out of the city (GW)

to The Place of the Skull: The name of the place where the soldiers took Jesus was The Place of the Skull. Many scholars understand that this place was a hill near Jerusalem that had a shape like a human skull. That may be true, although the gospels say nothing about a hill, nor why the place name referred to a skull. Here are other ways to translate this phrase:

to the place called “The Place of a Skull” (ESV)

to a location called The Skull (GW)

to “The Place of the Skull,” as it is called (GNT)

Skull: This word refers to the bones of a head, part of a human skeleton.

General Comment on 19:17a–b

The way that some languages use verbs of coming and going may make it natural to rearrange some information in 19:17a–b. For example:

He went out, carrying his cross, and came to “The Place of the Skull,” as it is called. (GNT)

19:17c

which in Hebrew is called Golgotha.

which in Hebrew is called Golgotha: The Aramaic word for “skull” was Golgotha. This is background information, and in some languages it may be natural to indicate this in some way. For example:

Hebrew: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Hebrew refers to the language that Jews spoke in Jesus’ time. Some translations say “Aramaic,” which is the name in modern English. Here are some other ways that this clause can be translated:

the Jewish language

the language that the Jews speak

Because John the author was a Jew, in some languages it is more natural to translate it like this:

our(excl) language

the language that we(excl) Jews speak

See how you translated this word in 19:13.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

εἰς τὸν λεγόμενον, Κρανίου Τόπον, ὃ λέγεται Ἑβραϊστὶ, Γολγοθᾶ

to (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί βαστάζων ἑαυτῷ τόν σταυρόν ἐξῆλθεν εἰς τόν λεγόμενον Κρανίου Τόπον ὅ λέγεται Ἑβραϊστί Γολγοθᾶ)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [to the place that the people called “The Place of a Skull,” which the Jews call “Golgotha” in Hebrew]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

Ἑβραϊστὶ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί βαστάζων ἑαυτῷ τόν σταυρόν ἐξῆλθεν εἰς τόν λεγόμενον Κρανίου Τόπον ὅ λέγεται Ἑβραϊστί Γολγοθᾶ)

See how you translated this phrase in [5:2](../05/02.md).

Γολγοθᾶ

Golgotha

John writes out the sounds of this Jewish Aramaic word using Greek letters. Since John translates the meaning earlier in the verse, you should write out this word using the most similar sounds in your language.

TSN Tyndale Study Notes:

19:17 The vertical beam (Latin staticulum) of the cross was generally kept at the crucifixion site, and the victim was forced to carry only the heavy crossbeam (Latin patibulum).
• Crucifixions were public executions that took place near major roadways. They were designed to shock and warn the people.
• Place of the Skull (Hebrew and Aramaic Golgotha; Latin calvariae, “Calvary”): Most archaeologists agree that Jesus’ crucifixion was at the site of the present-day Church of the Holy Sepulchre, located in the Christian Quarter of the old walled city of Jerusalem. An alternate site, Gordon’s Calvary (north of the Damascus Gate), provides a model of what the scene possibly looked like, but it holds only a tomb from the 500s BC and therefore is unlikely to be the authentic site of Jesus’ crucifixion and burial.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. And
    2. -
    3. 25320
    4. S
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 79631
    1. bearing
    2. -
    3. 9410
    5. bastazō
    6. V-PPA·NMS
    7. bearing
    8. bearing
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79625; Person=Jesus
    11. 79632
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79635
    1. stake
    2. -
    3. 47160
    5. stauros
    6. N-····AMS
    7. stake
    8. cross
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79636
    1. to himself
    2. himself
    3. 14380
    5. heautou
    6. R-···3DMS
    7. ˱to˲ himself
    8. ˱to˲ himself
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79634
    1. he came out
    2. -
    3. 18310
    5. exerχomai
    6. V-IAA3··S
    7. ˱he˲ came_out
    8. ˱he˲ came_out
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79625; Person=Jesus
    11. 79639
    1. to
    2. -
    3. 15190
    5. eis
    6. P-·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79640
    1. the place
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····AMS
    7. the ‹place›
    8. the ‹place›
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79642
    1. being called
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-PPP·AMS
    7. ˓being˒ called
    8. ˓being˒ called
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79643
    1. place
    2. -
    3. 51170
    4. W
    5. topos
    6. N-····AMS
    7. place
    8. Place
    9. W
    10. Y33; F79651
    11. 79645
    1. Of +the skull
    2. -
    3. 28980
    4. WT
    5. kranion
    6. N-····GNS
    7. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ skull
    8. ˱of˲ ˓the˒ Skull
    9. WT
    10. Y33
    11. 79644
    1. which
    2. -
    3. 37390
    5. hos
    6. R-····NNS
    7. which
    8. which
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79647
    1. is being called
    2. -
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-IPP3··S
    7. ˓is_being˒ called
    8. ˓is_being˒ called
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79648
    1. In Hebraios
    2. -
    3. 14470
    4. U
    5. Hebraisti
    6. D-·······
    7. in_Hebraios
    8. in_Hebrew
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 79649
    1. Golgotha/(Gulgolet)
    2. Golgotha
    3. 11150
    4. U
    5. golgotha
    6. N-····NMS
    7. Golgotha/(Gulgolet)
    8. Golgotha
    9. U
    10. Location=Golgotha; Y33
    11. 79650

OET (OET-LV) And bearing the stake to_himself, he_came_out to the place being_called:
place Of_the_skull, which is_being_called In_Hebraios, Golgotha/(Gulgolet),

OET (OET-RV) Carrying the pole[fn] himself, Yeshua arrived at the Place of the Skull (called Golgotha in Hebrew) just out of the city

19:17 TD: The Greek word used here is used in other places to mean a stake such as used to make a fence. It’s uncertain whether or not it had a horizontal cross-piece, although the Romans did use a range of methods.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← YHN (JHN) 19:17 ↑ → ► ║ ©