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InterlinearVerse GEN EXO LEV NUM DEU JOB JOS JDG RUTH 1 SAM 2 SAM PSA AMOS HOS 1 KI 2 KI 1 CHR 2 CHR PROV ECC SNG JOEL MIC ISA ZEP HAB JER LAM YNA (JNA) NAH OBA DAN EZE EZRA EST NEH HAG ZEC MAL LAO GES LES ESG DNG 2 PS TOB JDT WIS SIR BAR LJE PAZ SUS BEL MAN 1 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 4 MAC YHN MARK MAT LUKE ACTs YAC (JAM) GAL 1 TH 2 TH 1 COR 2 COR ROM COL PHM EPH PHP 1 TIM TIT 1 PET 2 PET 2 TIM HEB YUD (JUD) 1 YHN (1 JHN) 2 YHN (2 JHN) 3 YHN (3 JHN) REV
Yhn C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21
Yhn 19 V1 V3 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V17 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41
OET (OET-LV) Therefore the Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa) came_out outside, wearing the thorny crown and the purple robe.
And he_is_saying to_them:
Behold, the man.
OET (OET-RV) So they led Yeshua out wearing the thorny crown and the kingly robe, and Pilate said, “Look. Here’s the man.”
This section tells how the soldiers took Jesus to the Roman governor, Pilate. Pilate questioned Jesus to find out why the Jews wanted him to punish Jesus with death. He could find no reason to do that. But the Jewish leaders there insisted that Pilate crucify him. Finally, Pilate agreed that Jesus could be crucified.
Here are other possible section headings:
Pilate questioned the Jews and Jesus and sent Jesus to be crucified
Pilate investigated Jesus and decided that he could be punished with death
Jesus’ trial and judgment before Pilate
This section can be divided into seven smaller pieces, where each piece is a separate event. Jews often arranged written materials to include seven related pieces, where the first and last pieces relate, and the second and sixth relate, and the third and fifth relate. Then the middle piece, the fourth, stands alone and is emphasized. That happens in this section as well. Here is a chart showing the seven pieces of this section and how they relate:
18:28–32: Outside the house; Jews ask for Jesus’ death
18:33–38a: Inside the house; Pilate asks Jesus if he is King of the Jews
18:38b–40: Outside the house; Pilate says, “I find no case against him.”
19:1–3: The soldiers beat Jesus with a whip and pretend that he is the king of the Jews
19:4–8: Outside the house; Pilate says, “I find no case against him.”
19:8–11: Inside the house; Pilate asks Jesus where he came from
19:12–16a: Outside the house; Pilate allows Jews to crucify Jesus
The middle piece, 19:1–3, is different from all the other pieces. Pilate is only mentioned and is not an important person in this event. That is different from all the other pieces. This middle piece therefore is emphasized. The only ones who seem to worship Jesus in the whole section do so in this middle piece. However, they only pretend to worship and are very cruel as they mock Jesus.
In your translation, you may want to find ways to emphasize 19:1–3. Also, try to translate this section in ways that make it possible to see the connections between the pieces.
Pilate told the Jewish religious leaders that he thought that Jesus was innocent and planned to free him. But they protested and shouted to Pilate to crucify Jesus.
When Jesus came out wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe,
And Jesus came out, still wearing the crown made from thorny branches and the purple clothes.
When they brought/led Jesus to the crowd, he still wore/had the brightly colored robe and the head piece made of thorns.
The Greek begins this verse with a conjunction that the BSB leaves implicit but some versions translate as “So.” It indicates that this action follows the action of the last verse. For example:
Then (NLT)
Jesus came out: The phrase came out refers to Jesus coming out of Pilate’s house to the courtyard where the Jews were gathered. In some languages it may be natural to make this explicit. If this is the case in your languages you may supply the expression you used in 18:28. For example:
Jesus came/went out of Pilate’s house
wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe: Jesus still had on the crown of thorns and the purple robe. The soldiers had put these on Jesus to mock him. See how you translated crown of thorns and the purple robe in 19:2. In some languages it may be natural to translate this as a separate sentence. For example:
He was wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe. (GW)
Pilate said to them, “Here is the man!”
Pilate said to them, “This is the man/one!”
Pilate told the crowd, “Look at him! Here he is.”
Pilate said to them, “Here is the man!”: Pilate showed Jesus to the Jews, hoping that they would realize that he was not dangerous. His words may have expressed either pity or scorn for Jesus. In either case, he was implying that it was not necessary to crucify him.
them: This pronoun refers to the Jews that were gathered there to accuse Jesus.
Here is the man!: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Here is calls attention to something, similar to “Look” in 19:4b. Here Pilate asked the Jews to look at Jesus. Because Pilate thought that Jesus was innocent, he probably wanted them to see that he was not dangerous. Here are other ways to translate this clause:
Look! Here is the man! (GNT)
Look at this man. (Yakan Back Translation)
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / go
ἐξῆλθεν
came_out
Your language may state “came” rather than went in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural in your language.
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit
τὸν ἀκάνθινον στέφανον καὶ τὸ πορφυροῦν ἱμάτιον
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἐξῆλθεν Οὖν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἔξω φορῶν τόν ἀκάνθινον στέφανον καί τό πορφυροῦν ἱμάτιον Καί λέγει αὐτοῖς Ἰδού ὁ ἄνθρωπος)
See how you translated crown, thorns, and purple garment in [19:2](../19/02.md).
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / pastforfuture
λέγει
˱he˲_˓is˒_saying
Here John uses the present tense in past narration in order to call attention to a development in the story.
19:1-16 Jesus was also beaten after his sentencing (Mark 15:15), but here John records an earlier beating, which was likely Pilate’s attempt to show that Jesus had been punished and could be released (John 19:4). When this failed, Pilate passed his sentence and handed Jesus over to the Jewish leaders for crucifixion (19:16).
OET (OET-LV) Therefore the Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa) came_out outside, wearing the thorny crown and the purple robe.
And he_is_saying to_them:
Behold, the man.
OET (OET-RV) So they led Yeshua out wearing the thorny crown and the kingly robe, and Pilate said, “Look. Here’s the man.”
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.
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