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Yhn 19 V1 V5 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V17 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41

OET interlinear YHN (JHN) 19:3

◄ ← YHN (JHN) 19:3 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79286
    1. ἤρχοντο
    2. erχomai
    3. they were coming
    4. -
    5. 20640
    6. VIIM3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ coming
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ coming
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79267
    11. 79287
    1. πρός
    2. pros
    3. to
    4. -
    5. 43140
    6. P·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79288
    1. αὐτόν
    2. autos
    3. him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3AMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79289
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79290
    1. ἔλεγον
    2. legō
    3. they were saying
    4. said
    5. 30040
    6. VIIA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ saying
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79267
    11. 79291
    1. Χαῖρε
    2. χairō
    3. Greetings
    4. “Greetings
    5. 54630
    6. IMPA2··S
    7. Greetings
    8. Hail
    9. D
    10. Y33
    11. 79292
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E···2VMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79293
    1. Βασιλεύς
    2. basileus
    3. king
    4. king
    5. 9350
    6. N····VMS
    7. king
    8. King
    9. V
    10. Y33
    11. 79294
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79295
    1. Ἰουδαίων
    2. ioudaios
    3. Youdaiōns
    4. -
    5. 24530
    6. S····GMP
    7. Youdaiōns
    8. Jews
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 79296
    1. Καί
    2. kai
    3. And
    4. then
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 79297
    1. ἐδίδοσαν
    2. didōmi
    3. they were giving
    4. -
    5. 13250
    6. VIIA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ giving
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ giving
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79267
    11. 79298
    1. αὐτῷ
    2. autos
    3. to him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3DMS
    7. ˱to˲ him
    8. ˱to˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79262; Person=Jesus
    11. 79299
    1. ῥαπίσματα
    2. rhapisma
    3. slaps
    4. -
    5. 44750
    6. N····ANP
    7. slaps
    8. slaps
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79300

OET (OET-LV) and they_were_coming to him and they_were_saying:
Greetings, the king of_the Youdaiōns.
And they_were_giving slaps to_him.

OET (OET-RV) They came up to him and said, “Greetings, you king of the Jews,” and then slapped him.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 18:28–19:16a: Pilate investigated Jesus and decided that he should die

This section tells how the soldiers took Jesus to the Roman governor, Pilate. Pilate questioned Jesus to find out why the Jews wanted him to punish Jesus with death. He could find no reason to do that. But the Jewish leaders there insisted that Pilate crucify him. Finally, Pilate agreed that Jesus could be crucified.

Here are other possible section headings:

Pilate questioned the Jews and Jesus and sent Jesus to be crucified

Pilate investigated Jesus and decided that he could be punished with death

Jesus’ trial and judgment before Pilate

This section can be divided into seven smaller pieces, where each piece is a separate event. Jews often arranged written materials to include seven related pieces, where the first and last pieces relate, and the second and sixth relate, and the third and fifth relate. Then the middle piece, the fourth, stands alone and is emphasized. That happens in this section as well. Here is a chart showing the seven pieces of this section and how they relate:

18:28–32: Outside the house; Jews ask for Jesus’ death

18:33–38a: Inside the house; Pilate asks Jesus if he is King of the Jews

18:38b–40: Outside the house; Pilate says, “I find no case against him.”

19:1–3: The soldiers beat Jesus with a whip and pretend that he is the king of the Jews

19:4–8: Outside the house; Pilate says, “I find no case against him.”

19:8–11: Inside the house; Pilate asks Jesus where he came from

19:12–16a: Outside the house; Pilate allows Jews to crucify Jesus

The middle piece, 19:1–3, is different from all the other pieces. Pilate is only mentioned and is not an important person in this event. That is different from all the other pieces. This middle piece therefore is emphasized. The only ones who seem to worship Jesus in the whole section do so in this middle piece. However, they only pretend to worship and are very cruel as they mock Jesus.

In your translation, you may want to find ways to emphasize 19:1–3. Also, try to translate this section in ways that make it possible to see the connections between the pieces.

Paragraph 19:1–3

The Roman soldiers whipped and mocked Jesus.

19:3a

And they went up to Him again and again, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!”

And they went up to Him again and again: The soldiers came up to (approached) Jesus, mocking him as if they were greeting a king.

went up to Him again and again: The Greek word that the BSB translates as went up…again and again means “kept approaching.” The action was done repeatedly and by different soldiers. Indicate this action in a way that is natural in your language. For example:

they came to him many times (NCV)

repeatedly approached him

They kept coming up to him (NRSV)

saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!”: The soldiers mocked Jesus by imitating the way Romans greeted the Roman emperor. They did not believe that Jesus was really the king of the Jews. It is important that your readers understand that the soldiers were not sincere. They did not truly honor Jesus. It may be natural to make this explicit. For example:

“Hail! King of the Jews!” they mocked. (NLT)

They scorned him and said, “Greetings, O king of the Jews!”

They laughed at him, saying, “Long live the king of the Jews!”

Hail: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Hail is a greeting used to honor someone. The soldiers mocked Jesus by pretending to honor him. Consider how a chief or a king is greeted in your culture. It is good to use an expression that is an exaggeration and that your readers will understand is not sincere. For example:

We(excl) greet/honor you(sing)!

May you be successful!

King of the Jews!: See how you translated the phase King of the Jews in 18:39. Here Jesus is being addressed directly, and so there is no definite article. In some languages there may be a way to show that respect is an exaggeration or is not sincere. For example:

O mighty king of the Jews!

you king of the Jews! (CEV)

General Comment on 19:3a

In some languages it may be more natural to translate 19:3a as indirect speech. Here are some ways to translate this clause as indirect speech:

They came up to him again and again, mocking him as they greeted him as the king of the Jews.

They repeatedly approached him and pretended to honor him as the king of the Jews.

19:3b

and slapping Him in the face.

and slapping Him in the face: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as slapping Him in the face refers to hitting or slapping someone. See 18:22, where the same expression is used with a singular subject. Here the Greek tense indicates that the soldiers struck (hit) Jesus repeatedly, probably with their open hands. Here are some other ways to translate this phrase:

And they struck him repeatedly in the face. (NET)

and slapped his face (GW)

and struck him with their hands (ESV)

General Comment on 19:3a–b

The soldiers struck Jesus while they were mocking him with their words. Connect the verbs in a way that indicates this. For example:

“Hail! King of the Jews!” they mocked, as they slapped him across the face. (NLT)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / irony

καὶ ἔλεγον, χαῖρε, ὁ Βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: καί ἤρχοντο πρός αὐτόν καί ἔλεγον Χαῖρε ὁ Βασιλεύς τῶν Ἰουδαίων Καί ἐδίδοσαν αὐτῷ ῥαπίσματα)

Hail was a common greeting, but the soldiers use this greeting in order to mock Jesus. They also did not believe that Jesus was really the King of the Jews. They actually mean to communicate the opposite of the literal meaning of their words. If this might confuse your readers, you could provide a brief explanation. Alternate translation: [and they said in a mocking manner, “Hail, King of the Jews]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79286
    1. they were coming
    2. -
    3. 20640
    5. erχomai
    6. V-IIM3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ coming
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ coming
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79267
    11. 79287
    1. to
    2. -
    3. 43140
    5. pros
    6. P-·······
    7. to
    8. to
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79288
    1. him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3AMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79289
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79290
    1. they were saying
    2. said
    3. 30040
    5. legō
    6. V-IIA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ saying
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ saying
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79267
    11. 79291
    1. Greetings
    2. “Greetings
    3. 54630
    4. D
    5. χairō
    6. I-MPA2··S
    7. Greetings
    8. Hail
    9. D
    10. Y33
    11. 79292
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-···2VMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79293
    1. king
    2. king
    3. 9350
    4. V
    5. basileus
    6. N-····VMS
    7. king
    8. King
    9. V
    10. Y33
    11. 79294
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79295
    1. Youdaiōns
    2. -
    3. 24530
    4. U
    5. ioudaios
    6. S-····GMP
    7. Youdaiōns
    8. Jews
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 79296
    1. And
    2. then
    3. 25320
    4. S
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 79297
    1. they were giving
    2. -
    3. 13250
    5. didōmi
    6. V-IIA3··P
    7. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ giving
    8. ˱they˲ ˓were˒ giving
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79267
    11. 79298
    1. slaps
    2. -
    3. 44750
    5. rhapisma
    6. N-····ANP
    7. slaps
    8. slaps
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79300
    1. to him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3DMS
    7. ˱to˲ him
    8. ˱to˲ him
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79262; Person=Jesus
    11. 79299

OET (OET-LV) and they_were_coming to him and they_were_saying:
Greetings, the king of_the Youdaiōns.
And they_were_giving slaps to_him.

OET (OET-RV) They came up to him and said, “Greetings, you king of the Jews,” and then slapped him.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← YHN (JHN) 19:3 ↑ → ► ║ ©