MARK 15:40 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. ἦσαν
2. eimi
3. were
4. -
5. 15100
6. VIIA3··P
7. were
8. were
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36575
1. Δέ
2. de
3. And
4. -
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. PS
10. Y33
11. 36576
1. ἐκεῖ
2. ekei
3. -
4. -
5. 15630
6. D·······
7. there
8. there
9. -
10. -
11. 36577
1. καί
2. kai
3. also
4. -
5. 25320
6. D·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36578
1. γυναῖκες
2. gunē
3. women
4. women
5. 11350
6. N····NFP
7. women
8. women
9. -
10. Y33; F36582; F36584
11. 36579
1. ἀπό
2. apo
3. from
4. -
5. 5750
6. P·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36580
1. μακρόθεν
2. makrothen
3. afar
4. -
5. 31130
6. D·······
7. afar
8. afar
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36581
1. θεωροῦσαι
2. theōreō
3. observing
4. observing
5. 23340
6. VPPA·NFP
7. observing
8. observing
9. -
10. Y33; R36579
11. 36582
1. ἐν
2. en
3. among
4. -
5. 17220
6. P·······
7. among
8. among
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36583
1. αἷς
2. hos
3. whom
4. -
5. 37390
6. R····DFP
7. whom
8. whom
9. -
10. Y33; R36579
11. 36584
1. ἦν
2. eimi
3. -
4. -
5. 15100
6. VIIA3··S
7. was
8. was
9. -
10. -
11. 36585
1. καί
2. kai
3. both
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. both
8. both
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36586
1. Μαρία
2. maria
3. Maria/(Miryām)
4. -
5. 31370
6. N····NFS
7. Maria/(Miryām)
8. Mary
9. U
10. Person=Mary6; Person=Mary3; Y33; F36614
11. 36587
1. ἡ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36588
1. Μαγδαληνή
2. magdalēnē
3. from Magdala
4. Magdala
5. 30940
6. N····NFS
7. from_Magdala
8. Magdalene
9. U
10. Y33
11. 36589
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36590
1. Μαρία
2. maria
3. Maria
4. -
5. 31370
6. N····NFS
7. Maria/(Miryām)
8. Mary
9. U
10. Person=Mary6; Person=Mary3; Y33
11. 36591
1. ἡ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36592
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. -
11. 36593
1. Ἰακώβου
2. iakōbos
3. of Yakōbos/(Yaˊₐqoⱱ)
4. -
5. 23850
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Yakōbos/(Yaˊₐqoⱱ)
8. ˱of˲ Jacobus
9. U
10. Y33
11. 36594
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36595
1. μικροῦ
2. mikros
3. little
4. -
5. 33980
6. A····GMS
7. little
8. little
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36596
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36597
1. ἡ
2. ho
3. -
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NFS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. -
11. 36598
1. Ἰωσῆ
2. iōsē
3. of Yōsaʸs/(Yōşēf)
4. -
5. 25000
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Yōsaʸs/(Yōşēf?)
8. ˱of˲ Joses
9. U
10. Person=Joses; Y33
11. 36599
1. μήτηρ
2. mētēr
3. mother
4. mother
5. 33840
6. N····NFS
7. mother
8. mother
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36600
1. καί
2. kai
3. and
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36601
1. Σαλώμη
2. salōmē
3. Salōmaʸ
4. Salome
5. 45390
6. N····NFS
7. Salōmaʸ
8. Salome
9. U
10. Person=Salome; Y33; F36614
11. 36602

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 15:33–41: Jesus died

Mark told the story of Jesus’ death and indicated the time certain important events happened. Jesus was nailed to the cross at the third hour of the day (9:00 a.m.). Then at the sixth hour (12:00 noon) it became as dark as nighttime. It probably remained dark until Jesus died sometime during the ninth hour (3:00 p.m.).

Three important events happened in this section. First, Jesus shouted, “My God, my God, why have you abandoned me?” These are the only words that Mark recorded that Jesus spoke while on the cross. They show that God the Father rejected Jesus while he took upon himself the sins of mankind. Second, when Jesus died, the curtain in the temple was torn in two. This curtain represented the barrier between mankind and the presence of God. Third, the Roman centurion in charge of the crucifixion confessed that Jesus was the Son of God. (He was the first man in the book of Mark to say this.)

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

The death of Jesus

Jesus dies on the cross

There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 27:45–56, Luke 23:44–49, and John 19:28–30.

15:40a

And there were also women watching from a distance.

¶ Several women were standing some distance away and were watching what was happening.
¶ There were a number of women who were there. They were watching these events from far away.

And there were also women: The Greek phrase that the BSB literally translates as And there were also women refers to the women who were present, three of whom are mentioned in verse 15:40b. Verse 15:41b says that there were “many others.” Use a term that can include all of these women.

watching from a distance: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as watching from a distance also means “watching from far away.” The women were not standing near the cross and watching.

In some languages there are specific verbs for observing or viewing an event. There may also be specific verbs for looking at something from a distance. Use a verb or phrase that is natural in your language.

15:40b–d

Mark mentioned the names of three women here. The first two were named Mary. The third woman was Salome.

15:40b

Among them were Mary Magdalene,

Among them were Mary of/from Magdala,
This group of women included Mary who was from the town called Magdala,

Mary Magdalene: The first Mary in 15:40b was called Mary Magdalene because she was probably from the town of Magdala. Mary was a common name in Israel. So calling her Mary Magdalene distinguished her from the other Marys who are mentioned in Mark and the other Gospels.

Here are some other ways to translate this:

Mary of Magdala (NJB)

Mary from Magdala (GW)

Mary who was from the town of Magdala

15:40c

Mary the mother of James the younger and of Joses,

Mary who was the mother of the younger James and of Joses/Joseph,
another Mary who was the mother of the young James and of Joses,

15:40d

and Salome.

and Salome.
and a third woman called Salome.

15:40c–d

Mary the mother of James the younger and of Joses, and Salome: Mark referred to the second Mary as the mother of James…and of Joses. James and Joses are the names of her two sons.

Mark may have mentioned the names of James and Joses because they were known in the churches to which he was writing.

Be careful in the way you translate this list. People should not think that James is the only son and Joses is another woman. Be careful too that Salome will not be confused as another child of Mary. Salome is another woman who was there watching at a distance.

James: James is an English form of the name Jacob. You can follow the form of this name found in a major language Bible version. Or you can transliterate it on the basis of either the Greek or Hebrew form Iacob/Yacob.

the younger: James was probably called James the younger to distinguish him from another James. (Other men with this name are James the son of Zebedee and James the brother of Jesus). In some languages, it may not be natural to call him “younger” when it is not clear whom he was younger than. If that is true in your language, then you could simply call him “the young James” (as in the GW).

Joses: In Greek, this name is Ioses. It was probably an alternative Greek form for “Joseph” (see Matthew 27:56, which has the name “Joseph”). You can follow the form of this name found in a major language Bible version. Or you can transliterate it as either “Joses/Ioses” or “Joseph.”

If you follow the form “Joses/Ioses,” it may help to avoid confusion with the name “Joseph of Arimathea” in 15:43. If you follow the form “Joseph,” that would make the name in this verse the same as the name in Matthew 27:56.

General Comment on 14:40b–d

In some languages, it may be more natural to change the order in which the women are named. For example:

^40bAmong these were three women. ^40dOne was named Salome ^40band two were named Mary. The first Mary was from Magdala. ^40cThe second Mary was the mother of James (called “Younger James”) and Joses.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-background

δὲ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἦσαν Δέ καί γυναῖκες ἀπό μακρόθεν θεωροῦσαι ἐν αἷς καί Μαρία ἡ Μαγδαληνή καί Μαρία ἡ Ἰακώβου τοῦ μικροῦ καί Ἰωσῆ μήτηρ καί Σαλώμη)

Mark uses the word Now to introduce background information that will help readers understand what happens later in the story. The word does not introduce the next event in the story. Use a natural form in your language for introducing background information. Alternate translation: [Meanwhile,] or [During all those things,]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / infostructure

καὶ Μαριὰμ ἡ Μαγδαληνὴ, καὶ Μαρία ἡ Ἰακώβου τοῦ μικροῦ καὶ Ἰωσῆ μήτηρ, καὶ Σαλώμη

Consider how you might naturally include a list of three women with descriptions of them. The UST has moved Salome earlier in the list so that it is clear that she is not one of the children of Mary. Alternate translation: [also Mary Magdalene and Salome and Mary the mother of James the little and of Joses]

Note 3 topic: translate-names

Μαρία ἡ & μήτηρ

Mary the & mother

The word Mary is the name of a woman. This Mary was not Mary Magdalene nor Mary the mother of Jesus. Mark identifies her instead as the mother of James the younger and of Joses.

Note 4 topic: translate-names

Ἰακώβου τοῦ μικροῦ καὶ Ἰωσῆ

˱of˲_Jacobus the little (Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἦσαν Δέ καί γυναῖκες ἀπό μακρόθεν θεωροῦσαι ἐν αἷς καί Μαρία ἡ Μαγδαληνή καί Μαρία ἡ Ἰακώβου τοῦ μικροῦ καί Ἰωσῆ μήτηρ καί Σαλώμη)

The word James is the name of a man. This James is not James the brother of Jesus, James son of Zebedee, or James son of Alphaeus. The word Joses is also the name of a man. This Joses is not Jesus’ brother.

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

Ἰακώβου τοῦ μικροῦ

˱of˲_Jacobus the little

When Mark refers to James as the little, he could mean that: (1) he was younger than one or more other people named James. Alternate translation: [of James the young] or [of the younger James] (2) he was less well-known than one or more other people named James. Alternate translation: [of James the less] or [of the less famous James] (3) he was a short man. Alternate translation: [of James the short]

Note 6 topic: translate-names

Σαλώμη

Salome

The word Salome is the name of a woman.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. And
2. -
3. 11610
4. PS
5. de
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. PS
10. Y33
11. 36576
1. were
2. -
3. 15100
5. eimi
6. V-IIA3··P
7. were
8. were
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36575
1. also
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. D-·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36578
1. women
2. women
3. 11350
5. gunē
6. N-····NFP
7. women
8. women
9. -
10. Y33; F36582; F36584
11. 36579
1. observing
2. observing
3. 23340
5. theōreō
6. V-PPA·NFP
7. observing
8. observing
9. -
10. Y33; R36579
11. 36582
1. from
2. -
3. 5750
5. apo
6. P-·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36580
1. afar
2. -
3. 31130
5. makrothen
6. D-·······
7. afar
8. afar
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36581
1. among
2. -
3. 17220
5. en
6. P-·······
7. among
8. among
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36583
1. whom
2. -
3. 37390
5. hos
6. R-····DFP
7. whom
8. whom
9. -
10. Y33; R36579
11. 36584
1. both
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. both
8. both
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36586
1. Maria/(Miryām)
2. -
3. 31370
4. U
5. maria
6. N-····NFS
7. Maria/(Miryām)
8. Mary
9. U
10. Person=Mary6; Person=Mary3; Y33; F36614
11. 36587
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····NFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36588
1. from Magdala
2. Magdala
3. 30940
4. U
5. magdalēnē
6. N-····NFS
7. from_Magdala
8. Magdalene
9. U
10. Y33
11. 36589
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36590
1. Maria
2. -
3. 31370
4. U
5. maria
6. N-····NFS
7. Maria/(Miryām)
8. Mary
9. U
10. Person=Mary6; Person=Mary3; Y33
11. 36591
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····NFS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36592
1. mother
2. mother
3. 33840
5. mētēr
6. N-····NFS
7. mother
8. mother
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36600
1. of Yakōbos/(Yaˊₐqoⱱ)
2. -
3. 23850
4. U
5. iakōbos
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Yakōbos/(Yaˊₐqoⱱ)
8. ˱of˲ Jacobus
9. U
10. Y33
11. 36594
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36595
1. little
2. -
3. 33980
5. mikros
6. A-····GMS
7. little
8. little
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36596
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36597
1. of Yōsaʸs/(Yōşēf)
2. -
3. 25000
4. U
5. iōsē
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ Yōsaʸs/(Yōşēf?)
8. ˱of˲ Joses
9. U
10. Person=Joses; Y33
11. 36599
1. and
2. -
3. 25320
5. kai
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36601
1. Salōmaʸ
2. Salome
3. 45390
4. U
5. salōmē
6. N-····NFS
7. Salōmaʸ
8. Salome
9. U
10. Person=Salome; Y33; F36614
11. 36602

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear MARK 15:40

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)