MARK 15:39 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. ἰδών
2. horaō
3. having seen
4. -
5. 37080
6. VPAA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ seen
8. ˓having˒ seen
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36546
1. Δέ
2. de
3. And
4. When
5. 11610
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y33
11. 36547
1. ὁ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36548
1. κεντυρίων
2. kenturiōn
3. centurion
4. centurion
5. 27600
6. N····NMS
7. centurion
8. centurion
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36549
1. ὁ
2. ho
3. which
4. -
5. 35880
6. R····NMS
7. ¬which
8. ¬which
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36550
1. παρεστηκώς
2. paristēmi
3. having stood by
4. -
5. 39360
6. VPEA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ stood_by
8. ˓having˒ stood_by
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36551
1. ἐκεῖ
2. ekei
3. -
4. -
5. 15630
6. D·······
7. there
8. there
9. -
10. -
11. 36552
1. ἐξ
2. ek
3. from
4. -
5. 15370
6. P·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36553
1. ἐναντίας
2. enantios
3. opposite
4. -
5. 17270
6. S····GFS
7. opposite
8. opposite
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36554
1. αὐτοῦ
2. autos
3. of him
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3GMS
7. ˱of˲ him
8. ˱of˲ him
9. -
10. Y33; R36527; Person=Jesus
11. 36555
1. αὐτῷ
2. autos
3. -
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3DMS
7. ˱to˲ him
8. ˱to˲ him
9. -
10. -
11. 36556
1. ὅτι
2. hoti
3. that
4. -
5. 37540
6. C·······
7. that
8. that
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36557
1. οὕτως
2. houtōs
3. thus
4. -
5. 37790
6. D·······
7. thus
8. thus
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36558
1. αὐτόν
2. autos
3. -
4. -
5. 8460
6. R···3AMS
7. him
8. him
9. -
10. -
11. 36559
1. κράξας
2. krazō
3. -
4. -
5. 28960
6. VPAA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ cried_out
8. ˓having˒ cried_out
9. -
10. -
11. 36560
1. κράξαντα
2. krazō
3. -
4. -
5. 28960
6. VPAA·AMS
7. ˓having˒ cried_out
8. ˓having˒ cried_out
9. -
10. -
11. 36561
1. καί
2. kai
3. -
4. -
5. 25320
6. C·······
7. and
8. and
9. -
10. -
11. 36562
1. ἐξέπνευσεν
2. ekpneō
3. he expired
4. -
5. 16060
6. VIAA3··S
7. ˱he˲ expired
8. ˱he˲ expired
9. -
10. Y33; R36527; Person=Jesus
11. 36563
1. εἶπεν
2. legō
3. said
4. said
5. 30040
6. VIAA3··S
7. said
8. said
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36564
1. Ἀληθῶς
2. alēthōs
3. Truly
4. -
5. 2300
6. D·······
7. truly
8. truly
9. D
10. Y33
11. 36565
1. οὗτος
2. houtos
3. this
4. -
5. 37780
6. E····NMS
7. this
8. this
9. -
10. Y33; R36527; Person=Jesus
11. 36566
1. ὁ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36567
1. ἄνθρωπος
2. anthrōpos
3. man
4. man
5. 4440
6. N····NMS
7. man
8. man
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36568
1. οὗτος
2. houtos
3. -
4. -
5. 37780
6. E····NMS
7. this
8. this
9. -
10. -
11. 36569
1. Θεοῦ
2. theos
3. -
4. -
5. 23160
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ god
8. ˱of˲ God
9. GN
10. Person=God
11. 36570
1. Υἱός
2. huios
3. +the son
4. -
5. 52070
6. N····NMS
7. ˓the˒ son
8. ˓the˒ Son
9. G
10. Y33; Person=Jesus
11. 36571
1. Θεοῦ
2. theos
3. of god
4. -
5. 23160
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ god
8. ˱of˲ God
9. GN
10. Y33; Person=God
11. 36572
1. ἦν
2. eimi
3. was
4. -
5. 15100
6. VIIA3··S
7. was
8. was
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36573
1. Θεοῦ
2. theos
3. -
4. -
5. 23160
6. N····GMS
7. god
8. God
9. GN
10. Person=God
11. 36574

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 15:33–41: Jesus died

Mark told the story of Jesus’ death and indicated the time certain important events happened. Jesus was nailed to the cross at the third hour of the day (9:00 a.m.). Then at the sixth hour (12:00 noon) it became as dark as nighttime. It probably remained dark until Jesus died sometime during the ninth hour (3:00 p.m.).

Three important events happened in this section. First, Jesus shouted, “My God, my God, why have you abandoned me?” These are the only words that Mark recorded that Jesus spoke while on the cross. They show that God the Father rejected Jesus while he took upon himself the sins of mankind. Second, when Jesus died, the curtain in the temple was torn in two. This curtain represented the barrier between mankind and the presence of God. Third, the Roman centurion in charge of the crucifixion confessed that Jesus was the Son of God. (He was the first man in the book of Mark to say this.)

It is good to translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

The death of Jesus

Jesus dies on the cross

There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 27:45–56, Luke 23:44–49, and John 19:28–30.

15:39a

When the centurion standing there in front of Jesus

When the Roman officer who was there/near and facing Jesus
The leader/chief of the soldiers was standing near and looking at Jesus.

centurion: A centurion was a Roman military officer. He was the leader of eighty to one hundred soldiers. This particular centurion was the officer in charge of crucifying Jesus and the two robbers.

Here are some other ways to translate centurion:

officer

elder/leader of one hundred soldiers

soldiers’ chief

elder/leader of many soldiers

standing there: The Greek word that the BSB translates as standing there in this context means “who was near” or “who was there.” It is true that this officer was probably standing, but the focus is not on his posture. See how you translated the similar expression at 15:35a–b.

in front of Jesus: The phrase in front of Jesus implies that the Roman officer was facing Jesus and looking at him.

15:39b

saw how He had breathed His last,

saw how Jesus died,
When he saw the way that Jesus died,

saw how He had breathed His last: There is textual issue with this verse. In some Greek manuscripts, there is a word that means “crying out”:

Some Greek manuscripts do not have this word. Most English versions follow these manuscripts. For example, the GNT says:
The army officer…saw how Jesus had died. (GNT) (BSB, RSV, GNT, CEV, GW, ESV, JBP, NASB, NET, NCV, NJB, NLT, REB)
Other Greek manuscripts have this word that means crying out. Only a few English versions follow these manuscripts. For example, the NIV says:
heard his cry and saw how he died (NIV11) (NIV, KJV)

It is recommended that you follow option (1), since it has strong manuscript support and most English versions follow this option. However, you should check the major language version in your area. If it follows option (2), then you may want to follow it. Both options have strong manuscript support.

how He had breathed His last: The Greek word that the BSB translates as how also means “in this way/manner.” It is not exactly clear what this word refers to. Many things about the way Jesus died may have caused the centurion to say what he did in 15:39c. Many events that happened in connection with Jesus’ death may have also cause him to say this. So you should translate this in a general way. For example you could translate 15:39b as:

how Jesus died

When he saw the way that Jesus died

15:39c

he said, “Truly this man was the Son of God!”

he said, “It is true that this man was God’s son.”
he said, “There is no doubt that this man was the son of God.”

Truly this man was: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Truly literally means “certainly.” The centurion’s use of this word expresses his confidence in what he is about to say about Jesus.

Here are some other ways to translate this:

Certainly, this man was (GW)

This man really was (CEV)

the Son of God: The Bible uses the title Son of God to express the fact that Jesus has the same nature as God. The title also indicates that the relationship between God and Jesus, his Son, is similar in some way to the relationship of human fathers and sons. God does not have a physical body, and he did not create/produce Jesus the way a human father produces a son. Jesus existed eternally as the Son with his Father.

In areas where people do not understand the term Son of God in this way, you may wish to include a footnote. For example:

God is the Father of Jesus the Son in a different way than human males are fathers of their sons. The Bible uses the word Son to express the fact that Jesus has the same nature as God. It also indicates that the relationship between God and Jesus, his Son, is similar in some way to the relationship of human fathers and sons.

In languages where there is no single word for “son,” many translators have used a more general expression, such as:

child of God

Other verses will usually make clear that Jesus was a male child. If you use a descriptive phrase such as “male child of God,” be sure that this expression does not imply that God had another child who was female.

The phrase the Son of God also occurs in 1:1 and 3:11. You should translate it here as you did there.

Some languages must distinguish between “the son of God” and “a son of God.” “The son of God” implies that there is only one. “A son of God” implies one son among several. If you must distinguish this in your language, you should say “the son of God.”In the commentaries, there is much discussion about whether this should be translated as “the son of God” or “a son of God,” about whether the meaning should come from what the centurion intended or what Mark intended, and if focused on the centurion, whether he understood Jesus as the unique son of God or simply a heroic man or demi-God according to Greco-Roman thought. The Greek grammar here can support translation into English as either “a” or “the” son of God (Colwell’s rule). However, the anarthrous construction highlights the character or nature of being a “son of God.” It is an English issue that forces us to decide between “a” or “the” son of God since English does not support “this man was son of God” (but see NJB). The distinction between “a son of God” (implying one among many) and “the son of God” (implying unique) need not have been in either the centurion’s or Mark’s mind.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

δὲ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: ἰδών Δέ ὁ κεντυρίων ὁ παρεστηκώς ἐξ ἐναντίας αὐτοῦ ὅτι οὕτως ἐξέπνευσεν εἶπεν Ἀληθῶς οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρωπος Υἱός Θεοῦ ἦν)

Here, the word Now introduces the next thing that happened. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave Now untranslated. Alternate translation: [Then]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / idiom

ἐναντίας αὐτοῦ

opposite ˱of˲_him

Here, a place opposite him is directly in front of Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [with Jesus in front of him] or [with Jesus before him]

Note 3 topic: translate-textvariants

οὕτως ἐξέπνευσεν

thus ˱he˲_expired

Some ancient manuscripts read he expired in this way. The ULT follows that reading. Other ancient manuscripts read “crying out in this way he expired.” If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / euphemism

ἐξέπνευσεν

˱he˲_expired

See how you translated the word expired in [15:37](../15/37.md). Alternate translation: [he passed away] or [he died]

Note 5 topic: guidelines-sonofgodprinciples

Υἱὸς Θεοῦ

Son of God is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship with God the Father.

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. And
2. When
3. 11610
4. S
5. de
6. C-·······
7. and
8. and
9. S
10. Y33
11. 36547
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····NMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36548
1. centurion
2. centurion
3. 27600
5. kenturiōn
6. N-····NMS
7. centurion
8. centurion
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36549
1. having seen
2. -
3. 37080
5. horaō
6. V-PAA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ seen
8. ˓having˒ seen
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36546
1. which
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. R-····NMS
7. ¬which
8. ¬which
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36550
1. having stood by
2. -
3. 39360
5. paristēmi
6. V-PEA·NMS
7. ˓having˒ stood_by
8. ˓having˒ stood_by
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36551
1. from
2. -
3. 15370
5. ek
6. P-·······
7. from
8. from
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36553
1. opposite
2. -
3. 17270
5. enantios
6. S-····GFS
7. opposite
8. opposite
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36554
1. of him
2. -
3. 8460
5. autos
6. R-···3GMS
7. ˱of˲ him
8. ˱of˲ him
9. -
10. Y33; R36527; Person=Jesus
11. 36555
1. that
2. -
3. 37540
5. hoti
6. C-·······
7. that
8. that
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36557
1. he expired
2. -
3. 16060
5. ekpneō
6. V-IAA3··S
7. ˱he˲ expired
8. ˱he˲ expired
9. -
10. Y33; R36527; Person=Jesus
11. 36563
1. thus
2. -
3. 37790
5. houtōs
6. D-·······
7. thus
8. thus
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36558
1. said
2. said
3. 30040
5. legō
6. V-IAA3··S
7. said
8. said
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36564
1. Truly
2. -
3. 2300
4. D
5. alēthōs
6. D-·······
7. truly
8. truly
9. D
10. Y33
11. 36565
1. this
2. -
3. 37780
5. houtos
6. E-····NMS
7. this
8. this
9. -
10. Y33; R36527; Person=Jesus
11. 36566
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····NMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36567
1. man
2. man
3. 4440
5. anthrōpos
6. N-····NMS
7. man
8. man
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36568
1. was
2. -
3. 15100
5. eimi
6. V-IIA3··S
7. was
8. was
9. -
10. Y33
11. 36573
1. +the son
2. -
3. 52070
4. G
5. huios
6. N-····NMS
7. ˓the˒ son
8. ˓the˒ Son
9. G
10. Y33; Person=Jesus
11. 36571
1. of god
2. -
3. 23160
4. GN
5. theos
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ god
8. ˱of˲ God
9. GN
10. Y33; Person=God
11. 36572

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear MARK 15:39

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 15:33–41: Jesus died

15:39a

15:39b

15:39c

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)