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Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXXΚαὶ ἦλθεν Σύρος ἐκ Δαμασκοῦ βοηθῆσαι Ἀδρααζὰρ βασιλεῖ Σουβά, καὶ ἐπάταξε Δαυὶδ ἐν τῷ Σύρῳ εἴκοσι καὶ δύο χιλιάδας ἀνδρῶν. (Kai aʸlthen Suros ek Damaskou boaʸthaʸsai Adraʼazar basilei Souba, kai epataxe Dawid en tōi Surōi eikosi kai duo ⱪiliadas andrōn. )
BrTrAnd the Syrian came from Damascus to help Adraazar king of Suba; and David smote of the Syrian army twenty and two thousand men.
ULTAnd Aram of Damascus came to help Hadadezer the king of Zobah, and David struck down of the Arameans 22,000 men.
USTWhen the army of Aram came from the city of Damascus to fight alongside Hadadezer’s army, David’s army killed 22,000 soliders from the army of Aram.
BSB § When the Arameans of Damascus came to help King Hadadezer of Zobah, David struck down twenty-two thousand men.
JPSAnd when the Arameans of Damascus came to succour Hadarezer king of Zobah, David smote of the Arameans two and twenty thousand men.
ASVAnd when the Syrians of Damascus came to succor Hadarezer king of Zobah, David smote of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
DRAAnd the Syrians of Damascus came also to help Adarezer king of Soba: and David slew of them likewise two and twenty thousand men.
YLTAnd Aram of Damascus cometh in to give help to Hadarezer king of Zobah, and David smiteth in Aram twenty and two thousand men,
DrbyAnd the Syrians of Damascus came to help Hadarezer king of Zobah, and David smote of the Syrians twenty-two thousand men.
RVAnd when the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Hadarezer king of Zobah, David smote of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
WbstrAnd when the Syrians of Damascus came to help Hadarezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
KJB-1769And when the Syrians of Damascus came to help Hadarezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.[fn] (And when the Syrians of Damascus came to help Hadarezer king of Zobah, David slew/killed of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men. )
KJB-1611[fn]And when the Syrians of Damascus came to helpe Hadarezer king of Zobah, Dauid slew of the Syrians two and twentie thousand men. (Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above apart from footnotes)
BshpsAnd when the Syrians of Damascon came to helpe Hadarezer king of Zoba, Dauid slue of the Syrians twentie and two thousande. (And when the Syrians of Damascon came to help Hadarezer king of Zoba, David slew/killed of the Syrians twenty and two thousand.)
GnvaThen came the Aramites of Damascus to succour Hadarezer King of Zobah, but Dauid slewe of the Aramites two and twentie thousand. (Then came the Aramites of Damascus to succour Hadarezer King of Zobah, but David slew/killed of the Aramites two and twenty thousand. )
CvdlAnd the Syrias came from Damascon, to helpe Hadad Eser the kynge of Zoba. Howbeit Dauid smote two & twentie thousande of the same Syrians, (And the Syrias came from Damascon, to help Hadad Eser the king of Zoba. Howbeit David smote two and twenty thousand of the same Syrians,)
WyclForsothe also Sirus of Damask cam aboue, to yyue help to Adadezer, kyng of Soba, but Dauid smoot also of hise two and twenti thousynde of men; (Forsothe also Sirus of Damask came above, to give help to Adadezer, king of Soba, but David smote also of his two and twenty thousand of men;)
LuthUnd die Syrer von Damaskus kamen, dem Hadadeser, dem Könige zu Zoba, zu helfen. Aber David schlug derselben Syrer zweiundzwanzigtausend Mann. (And the Syrer from Damaskus kamen, to_him Hadadeser, to_him kings/king to Zoba, to helfen. But David hit/beat derselben Syrer zweiundzwanzigtausend man.)
ClVgSupervenit autem et Syrus Damascenus, ut auxilium præberet Adarezer regi Soba: sed et hujus percussit David viginti duo millia virorum. (Suarrived however and Syrus Damascenus, as auxilium præberet Adarezer regi Soba: but and huyus he_struck David twenty two thousands of_men. )
18:1-17 These war records tell the story of David’s expanding kingdom in conquering the Philistines (18:1), Moab (18:2), Zobah (18:3-4), Damascus (18:5-6), and Edom (18:12-13); these include records of David’s international relations, spoils, and tribute (18:7-11). A recurring theme is that theLord made David victorious wherever he went (18:6, 13).
(Some words not found in UHB: and,came אֲרַם דַּרְמֶשֶׂק to,help to,Hadadezer king Tsōⱱāʼ/(Zobah) and,struck_down Dāvid in/on/at/with,Arameans twenty and,two thousand (a)_man )
2 Samuel 8:1-8; 10:1-19; 12:21-31; 1 Chronicles 18:2-11; 19:1-19; 20:1-3
The accounts of David’s greatest military victories stand like bookends around the record of David’s most grievous sins. Sometime after David brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem and the Lord promised to establish his dynasty over Israel, David achieved a series of victories over virtually all of Israel’s neighboring nations. These began with David’s capture of Metheg-ammah (likely Gath) and all of Philistia and was followed by his victory over Moab. Then Nahash king of Ammon died, and David sent envoys to express his condolences to Nahash’s son Hanun, who had now become king. Hanun, however, intentionally humiliated David’s envoys, shaving off half their beards and cutting off the bottom half of their garments before sending them back to Israel. When David heard of it, he sent word to his envoys to remain at Jericho until their beards grew back. In the meantime, the Ammonites called upon several Aramean nations to help them fight against Israel, which was likely their original intent for humiliating David’s envoys. Warriors came from Beth-rehob and Zobah, which lay between Israel and Hamath farther north, as well as from Maacah (see “Geshur and Maacah” map) and Tob. The writer of 1 Chronicles also notes that soldiers came from Mesopotamia as well. David sent his commander Joab to fight this coalition at Rabbah. The writer of 1 Chronicles consistently speaks of the battle occurring at Medeba, rather than Rabbah, but the town of Medeba south of Heshbon seems an unlikely location for the battle. Perhaps Rabbah was also referred to at times as Medeba. In any case, Joab and his brother Abishai divided their forces into two groups, with Joab leading the fight against the Arameans to the north and Abishai leading the fight against the Ammonites just outside the gates of Rabbah. As Joab advanced, the Arameans fled, which in turn led the Ammonites to retreat behind the walls of Rabbah. After this Joab (and probably his forces) returned home to Israel. But the Arameans regrouped and added more troops from Aramean nations beyond the Euphrates River. David met them in battle at Helam (likely modern Alma) and won a great victory over them, even killing their commander Shobah (or Shophach). After this the Arameans made peace with Israel. Sometime later David also subjugated the Edomites, who lived to the south of Moab. It was likely sometime after this that David engaged in adultery with the wife of Uriah, one of his own valiant warriors (see “David’s Mighty Men” map), and then he tried to cover up his sin by arranging for Uriah’s death in battle. His sin was later exposed by Nathan the prophet, and David repented. After this Joab returned to Rabbah to finish capturing the city, and when victory was close at hand he called for David to come and finish taking the city. Thus the Ammonites became subject to Israel as well. From all these conquered nations David took many spoils and dedicated them to the Lord’s service, including great amounts of bronze from the towns of Tebah (also called Betah and Tibhath), Berothai, and Cun.
2 Samuel 8:1-8; 10:1-19; 12:21-31; 1 Chronicles 18:2-11; 19:1-19; 20:1-3
The accounts of David’s greatest military victories stand like bookends around the record of David’s most grievous sins. Sometime after David brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem and the Lord promised to establish his dynasty over Israel, David achieved a series of victories over virtually all of Israel’s neighboring nations. These began with David’s capture of Metheg-ammah (likely Gath) and all of Philistia and was followed by his victory over Moab. Then Nahash king of Ammon died, and David sent envoys to express his condolences to Nahash’s son Hanun, who had now become king. Hanun, however, intentionally humiliated David’s envoys, shaving off half their beards and cutting off the bottom half of their garments before sending them back to Israel. When David heard of it, he sent word to his envoys to remain at Jericho until their beards grew back. In the meantime, the Ammonites called upon several Aramean nations to help them fight against Israel, which was likely their original intent for humiliating David’s envoys. Warriors came from Beth-rehob and Zobah, which lay between Israel and Hamath farther north, as well as from Maacah (see “Geshur and Maacah” map) and Tob. The writer of 1 Chronicles also notes that soldiers came from Mesopotamia as well. David sent his commander Joab to fight this coalition at Rabbah. The writer of 1 Chronicles consistently speaks of the battle occurring at Medeba, rather than Rabbah, but the town of Medeba south of Heshbon seems an unlikely location for the battle. Perhaps Rabbah was also referred to at times as Medeba. In any case, Joab and his brother Abishai divided their forces into two groups, with Joab leading the fight against the Arameans to the north and Abishai leading the fight against the Ammonites just outside the gates of Rabbah. As Joab advanced, the Arameans fled, which in turn led the Ammonites to retreat behind the walls of Rabbah. After this Joab (and probably his forces) returned home to Israel. But the Arameans regrouped and added more troops from Aramean nations beyond the Euphrates River. David met them in battle at Helam (likely modern Alma) and won a great victory over them, even killing their commander Shobah (or Shophach). After this the Arameans made peace with Israel. Sometime later David also subjugated the Edomites, who lived to the south of Moab. It was likely sometime after this that David engaged in adultery with the wife of Uriah, one of his own valiant warriors (see “David’s Mighty Men” map), and then he tried to cover up his sin by arranging for Uriah’s death in battle. His sin was later exposed by Nathan the prophet, and David repented. After this Joab returned to Rabbah to finish capturing the city, and when victory was close at hand he called for David to come and finish taking the city. Thus the Ammonites became subject to Israel as well. From all these conquered nations David took many spoils and dedicated them to the Lord’s service, including great amounts of bronze from the towns of Tebah (also called Betah and Tibhath), Berothai, and Cun.
