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1Ch 18 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17
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Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)
OET-LV And_from_Tibhath and_from_Cun the_cities of_Hₐdadˊezer he_took Dāvid bronze much very in/on/at/with_it he_made Shəlomoh DOM the_sea the_bronze and_DOM the_pillars and_DOM the_articles the_bronze.
UHB וּמִטִּבְחַ֤ת וּמִכּוּן֙ עָרֵ֣י הֲדַדְעֶ֔זֶר לָקַ֥ח דָּוִ֛יד נְחֹ֖שֶׁת רַבָּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד בָּ֣הּ ׀ עָשָׂ֣ה שְׁלֹמֹ֗ה אֶת־יָ֤ם הַנְּחֹ֨שֶׁת֙ וְאֶת־הָֽעַמּוּדִ֔ים וְאֵ֖ת כְּלֵ֥י הַנְּחֹֽשֶׁת׃פ ‡
(ūmiţţiⱱḩat ūmikkūn ˊārēy hₐdadˊezer lāqaḩ dāvid nəḩoshet rabāh məʼod bāh ˊāsāh shəlomoh ʼet-yām hannəḩoshet vəʼet-hāˊammūdim vəʼēt kəlēy hannəḩoshet.◊)
Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXX Καὶ ἐκ τῆς Μαγαβὲθ καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν πόλεων τῶν Ἀδρααζὰρ ἔλαβε Δαυὶδ χαλκὸν πολὺν σφόδρα· ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἐποίησε Σαλωμὼν τὴν θάλασσαν τὴν χαλκῆν, καὶ τοὺς στύλους καὶ τὰ σκεύη τὰ χαλκᾶ.
(Kai ek taʸs Magabeth kai ek tōn eklektōn poleōn tōn Adraʼazar elabe Dawid ⱪalkon polun sfodra; ex autou epoiaʸse Salōmōn taʸn thalassan taʸn ⱪalkaʸn, kai tous stulous kai ta skeuaʸ ta ⱪalka. )
BrTr And David took out of Matabeth, and out of the chief cities of Adraazar very much brass: of this Solomon made the brazen sea, and the pillars, and the brazen vessels.
ULT And from Tibhath and from Kun, cities of Hadadezer, David took very much bronze. With it, Solomon made the sea of bronze and the pillars and bronze items.
UST They also brought from Tebah and Kun, two cities that belonged to Hadadezer, a lot of bronze, which David’s son Solomon later used to make the huge bronze basin called “The Sea” and the pillars and other bronze items for the temple.
BSB And from Tibhath [fn] and Cun, cities of Hadadezer, David took a large amount of bronze, with which Solomon made the bronze Sea, the pillars, and various bronze articles.
18:8 Tibhath is a variant of Tebah; see 2 Samuel 8:8 LXX.
OEB No OEB 1CH book available
WEBBE From Tibhath and from Cun, cities of Hadadezer, David took very much bronze, with which Solomon made the bronze sea, the pillars, and the vessels of bronze.
WMBB (Same as above)
NET From Tibhath and Kun, Hadadezer’s cities, David took a great deal of bronze. (Solomon used it to make the big bronze basin called “The Sea,” the pillars, and other bronze items.
LSV and from Tibhath, and from Chun, cities of Hadarezer, David has taken very much bronze; with it Solomon has made the bronze sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of bronze.
FBV David also took a large quantity of bronze from Tibhath and from Cun, towns that had belonged to Hadadezer. Solomon used that bronze to make the bronze sea, the columns, and the various bronze objects.[fn]
18:8 Objects used in the Temple.
T4T They also brought from Tebah (OR, Tibhath) and Cun, two towns that belonged to Hadadezer, a lot of bronze, which David’s son Solomon later used to make the huge bronze basin and the pillars and other bronze items for the temple.
LEB And from Tibhath and from Cun, cities of Hadadezer, David captured very much bronze. Solomon made the bronze sea with it along with the columns and objects of bronze.
BBE And from Tibhath and from Cun, towns of Hadadezer, David took a great store of brass, of which Solomon made the great brass water-vessel and the brass pillars and vessels.
Moff No Moff 1CH book available
JPS And from Tibhath and from Cun, cities of Hadarezer, David took very much brass, wherewith Solomon made the brazen sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brass.
ASV And from Tibhath and from Cun, cities of Hadarezer, David took very much brass, wherewith Solomon made the brazen sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brass.
DRA Likewise out of Thebath and Chun, cities of Adarezer, he brought very much brass, of which Solomon made the brazen sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brass.
YLT and from Tibhath, and from Chun, cities of Hadarezer, hath David taken very much brass; with it hath Solomon made the brazen sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brass.
Drby And from Tibhath, and from Chun, cities of Hadarezer, David took very much brass, of which Solomon made the brazen sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brass.
RV And from Tibhath and from Cun, cities of Hadarezer, David took very much brass, wherewith Solomon made the brasen sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brass.
Wbstr Likewise from Tibhath, and from Chun, cities of Hadarezer, David brought very much brass, with which Solomon made the brazen sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brass.
KJB-1769 Likewise from Tibhath, and from Chun, cities of Hadarezer, brought David very much brass, wherewith Solomon made the brasen sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brass.[fn]
18.8 Tibhath…: called in the book of Samuel Betah, and Berothai
KJB-1611 [fn][fn]Likewise from Tibhath, and from Chun, cities of Hadarezer, broght Dauid very much brasse, wherewith Solomon made the brasen Sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brasse.
(Likewise from Tibhath, and from Chun, cities of Hadarezer, broght David very much brass, wherewith Solomon made the brasen Sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brass.)
Bshps And from Tebhath, and from Chun, cities of Hadarezar, brought Dauid exceeding much brasse, wherwith Solomon made the brasen lauatorie, the pillers, and the vessels of brasse.
(And from Tebhath, and from Chun, cities of Hadarezar, brought David exceeding much brass, wherewith Solomon made the brasen lauatorie, the pillars, and the vessels of brass.)
Gnva And from Tibhath, and from Chun (cities of Hadarezer) brought Dauid exceeding much brasse, wherewith Salomon made the brasen Sea, and the pillars and the vessels of brasse.
(And from Tibhath, and from Chun (cities of Hadarezer) brought David exceeding much brass, wherewith Salomon made the brasen Sea, and the pillars and the vessels of brass. )
Cvdl And out of Tibehath & Chun the cities of Hadad Eser, toke Dauid very moch brasse, wherof Salomon made the brasen lauer, and pilers, and brasen vessels.
(And out of Tibehath and Chun the cities of Hadad Eser, took David very much brass, wherof Salomon made the brasen laver, and pillars, and brasen vessels.)
Wyc also and of Thebath and of Chum, the citees of Adadezer, he took ful myche of bras, wherof Salomon made the brasun see, `that is, waischynge vessel, and pileris, and brasun vessels.
(also and of Thebath and of Chum, the cities of Adadezer, he took full much of brass, wherof Salomon made the brasun see, `that is, washinge vessel, and pillars, and brasun vessels.)
Luth Auch nahm David aus den Städten Hadadesers, Tibehath und Chun, sehr viel Erzes, davon Salomo das eherne Meer und Säulen und eherne Gefäße machte.
(Also took David out_of the cities Hadadesers, Tibehath and Chun, very many Erzes, davon Salomo the eherne sea and Säulen and eherne Gefäße machte.)
ClVg Necnon de Thebath et Chun urbibus Adarezer æris plurimum, de quo fecit Salomon mare æneum, et columnas, et vasa ænea.
(Necnon about Thebath and Chun urbibus Adarezer æris plurimum, about quo he_did Salomon the_sea æneum, and columnas, and vasa ænea. )
18:1-17 These war records tell the story of David’s expanding kingdom in conquering the Philistines (18:1), Moab (18:2), Zobah (18:3-4), Damascus (18:5-6), and Edom (18:12-13); these include records of David’s international relations, spoils, and tribute (18:7-11). A recurring theme is that the Lord made David victorious wherever he went (18:6, 13).
Note 1 topic: translate-names
(Occurrence 0) Tebah … Kun
(Some words not found in UHB: and,from,Tibhath and,from,Cun cities Hₐdadˊezer he/it_had_taken Dāvid copper/brass/bronze//coin enough/great(fs) very in/on/at/with,it he/it_had_made Shəlomoh DOM sea the,bronze and=DOM the,pillars and=DOM vessels_of the,bronze )
These are the names of cities.
(Occurrence 0) very much bronze
(Some words not found in UHB: and,from,Tibhath and,from,Cun cities Hₐdadˊezer he/it_had_taken Dāvid copper/brass/bronze//coin enough/great(fs) very in/on/at/with,it he/it_had_made Shəlomoh DOM sea the,bronze and=DOM the,pillars and=DOM vessels_of the,bronze )
Alternate translation: “a large quantity of bronze”
Note 2 topic: writing-background
(Occurrence 0) It was with this bronze that Solomon later made the bronze basin called “The Sea,” the pillars, and the bronze equipment
(Some words not found in UHB: and,from,Tibhath and,from,Cun cities Hₐdadˊezer he/it_had_taken Dāvid copper/brass/bronze//coin enough/great(fs) very in/on/at/with,it he/it_had_made Shəlomoh DOM sea the,bronze and=DOM the,pillars and=DOM vessels_of the,bronze )
The writer adds this background information to explain what would happen to this bronze at a later time.
(Occurrence 0) the bronze basin called “The Sea,”
(Some words not found in UHB: and,from,Tibhath and,from,Cun cities Hₐdadˊezer he/it_had_taken Dāvid copper/brass/bronze//coin enough/great(fs) very in/on/at/with,it he/it_had_made Shəlomoh DOM sea the,bronze and=DOM the,pillars and=DOM vessels_of the,bronze )
This a large bronze bowl, about 5 meters across, that was kept in the temple for ceremonial washing.
2 Samuel 8:1-8; 10:1-19; 12:21-31; 1 Chronicles 18:2-11; 19:1-19; 20:1-3
The accounts of David’s greatest military victories stand like bookends around the record of David’s most grievous sins. Sometime after David brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem and the Lord promised to establish his dynasty over Israel, David achieved a series of victories over virtually all of Israel’s neighboring nations. These began with David’s capture of Metheg-ammah (likely Gath) and all of Philistia and was followed by his victory over Moab. Then Nahash king of Ammon died, and David sent envoys to express his condolences to Nahash’s son Hanun, who had now become king. Hanun, however, intentionally humiliated David’s envoys, shaving off half their beards and cutting off the bottom half of their garments before sending them back to Israel. When David heard of it, he sent word to his envoys to remain at Jericho until their beards grew back. In the meantime, the Ammonites called upon several Aramean nations to help them fight against Israel, which was likely their original intent for humiliating David’s envoys. Warriors came from Beth-rehob and Zobah, which lay between Israel and Hamath farther north, as well as from Maacah (see “Geshur and Maacah” map) and Tob. The writer of 1 Chronicles also notes that soldiers came from Mesopotamia as well. David sent his commander Joab to fight this coalition at Rabbah. The writer of 1 Chronicles consistently speaks of the battle occurring at Medeba, rather than Rabbah, but the town of Medeba south of Heshbon seems an unlikely location for the battle. Perhaps Rabbah was also referred to at times as Medeba. In any case, Joab and his brother Abishai divided their forces into two groups, with Joab leading the fight against the Arameans to the north and Abishai leading the fight against the Ammonites just outside the gates of Rabbah. As Joab advanced, the Arameans fled, which in turn led the Ammonites to retreat behind the walls of Rabbah. After this Joab (and probably his forces) returned home to Israel. But the Arameans regrouped and added more troops from Aramean nations beyond the Euphrates River. David met them in battle at Helam (likely modern Alma) and won a great victory over them, even killing their commander Shobah (or Shophach). After this the Arameans made peace with Israel. Sometime later David also subjugated the Edomites, who lived to the south of Moab. It was likely sometime after this that David engaged in adultery with the wife of Uriah, one of his own valiant warriors (see “David’s Mighty Men” map), and then he tried to cover up his sin by arranging for Uriah’s death in battle. His sin was later exposed by Nathan the prophet, and David repented. After this Joab returned to Rabbah to finish capturing the city, and when victory was close at hand he called for David to come and finish taking the city. Thus the Ammonites became subject to Israel as well. From all these conquered nations David took many spoils and dedicated them to the Lord’s service, including great amounts of bronze from the towns of Tebah (also called Betah and Tibhath), Berothai, and Cun.
The Battle with the Ammonites and the Arameans
The Battle with the Arameans
2 Samuel 8:1-8; 10:1-19; 12:21-31; 1 Chronicles 18:2-11; 19:1-19; 20:1-3
The accounts of David’s greatest military victories stand like bookends around the record of David’s most grievous sins. Sometime after David brought the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem and the Lord promised to establish his dynasty over Israel, David achieved a series of victories over virtually all of Israel’s neighboring nations. These began with David’s capture of Metheg-ammah (likely Gath) and all of Philistia and was followed by his victory over Moab. Then Nahash king of Ammon died, and David sent envoys to express his condolences to Nahash’s son Hanun, who had now become king. Hanun, however, intentionally humiliated David’s envoys, shaving off half their beards and cutting off the bottom half of their garments before sending them back to Israel. When David heard of it, he sent word to his envoys to remain at Jericho until their beards grew back. In the meantime, the Ammonites called upon several Aramean nations to help them fight against Israel, which was likely their original intent for humiliating David’s envoys. Warriors came from Beth-rehob and Zobah, which lay between Israel and Hamath farther north, as well as from Maacah (see “Geshur and Maacah” map) and Tob. The writer of 1 Chronicles also notes that soldiers came from Mesopotamia as well. David sent his commander Joab to fight this coalition at Rabbah. The writer of 1 Chronicles consistently speaks of the battle occurring at Medeba, rather than Rabbah, but the town of Medeba south of Heshbon seems an unlikely location for the battle. Perhaps Rabbah was also referred to at times as Medeba. In any case, Joab and his brother Abishai divided their forces into two groups, with Joab leading the fight against the Arameans to the north and Abishai leading the fight against the Ammonites just outside the gates of Rabbah. As Joab advanced, the Arameans fled, which in turn led the Ammonites to retreat behind the walls of Rabbah. After this Joab (and probably his forces) returned home to Israel. But the Arameans regrouped and added more troops from Aramean nations beyond the Euphrates River. David met them in battle at Helam (likely modern Alma) and won a great victory over them, even killing their commander Shobah (or Shophach). After this the Arameans made peace with Israel. Sometime later David also subjugated the Edomites, who lived to the south of Moab. It was likely sometime after this that David engaged in adultery with the wife of Uriah, one of his own valiant warriors (see “David’s Mighty Men” map), and then he tried to cover up his sin by arranging for Uriah’s death in battle. His sin was later exposed by Nathan the prophet, and David repented. After this Joab returned to Rabbah to finish capturing the city, and when victory was close at hand he called for David to come and finish taking the city. Thus the Ammonites became subject to Israel as well. From all these conquered nations David took many spoils and dedicated them to the Lord’s service, including great amounts of bronze from the towns of Tebah (also called Betah and Tibhath), Berothai, and Cun.
The Battle with the Ammonites and the Arameans
The Battle with the Arameans