Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed for doing comparisons of different translations. Click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible. Please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.
Key: khaki:verbs, blue:Elohim, green:YHWH.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXXἐν τῷ τὰ πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα Ναβουχοδονόσορ ἀθετῆσαι, ἃ ὥρκισεν αὐτὸν κατὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ἐσκλήρυνε τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ κατίσχυσε, τοῦ μὴ ἐπιστρέψαι πρὸς Κύριον Θεὸν Ἰσραήλ. (en tōi ta pros ton basilea Nabouⱪodonosor athetaʸsai, ha hōrkisen auton kata tou Theou, kai esklaʸrune ton traⱪaʸlon autou kai taʸn kardian autou katisⱪuse, tou maʸ epistrepsai pros Kurion Theon Israaʸl. )
BrTrin that he rebelled against king Nabuchodonosor, which he adjured him by God not to do: but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart, so as not to return to the Lord God of Israel.
ULTAnd also against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God, he rebelled. And he stiffened his neck, and he hardened his heart from turning to Yahweh, the God of Israel.
USTHe would not return to Yahweh, the God that the people of Israel said that they worshiped. Zedekiah also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had forced him to solemnly promise using God’s name to be loyal to him. Zedekiah became very stubborn.
BSB § He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God. But Zedekiah stiffened his neck and hardened [fn] his heart against turning to the LORD, the God of Israel.
WEBBEHe also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God; but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart against turning to the LORD, the God of Israel.
NETHe also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him vow allegiance in the name of God. He was stubborn and obstinate, and refused to return to the Lord God of Israel.
LSVand he has also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar who had caused him to swear by God, and he hardens his neck and strengthens his heart against turning back to YHWH, God of Israel.
FBVHe also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear an oath of loyalty by God. Zedekiah was arrogant and hard-hearted, and refused to come back to the Lord, the God of Israel.
T4THe would not return to Yahweh, the God that the people of Israel said that they worshiped. Zedekiah also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had forced him to solemnly promise using God’s name to be loyal to him. Zedekiah became very stubborn.
LEBAnd he also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God. He stiffened his neck and hardened his heart against turning to Yahweh, the God of Israel.
BBEAnd he took up arms against King Nebuchadnezzar, though he had made him take an oath by God; but he made his neck stiff and his heart hard, turning away from the Lord, the God of Israel.
JPSAnd he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God; but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart from turning unto the LORD, the God of Israel.
ASVAnd he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God: but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart against turning unto Jehovah, the God of Israel.
DRAHe also revolted from king Nabuchodonosor, who had made him swear by God: and he hardened his neck and his heart, from returning to the Lord the God of Israel.
YLTand also, against king Nebuchadnezzar he hath rebelled, who had caused him to swear by God, and he hardeneth his neck, and strengtheneth his heart, against turning back unto Jehovah, God of Israel.
DrbyAnd he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him take oath by [fn]God; and he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart from returning to Jehovah the [fn]God of Israel.
RVAnd he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God: but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart from turning unto the LORD, the God of Israel.
WbstrAnd he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God: but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart from turning to the LORD God of Israel.
KJB-1769And he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God: but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart from turning unto the LORD God of Israel.
KJB-1611And he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him sweare by God: but he stiffened his necke, and hardened his heart from turning vnto the LORD God of Israel. (And he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God: but he stiffened his necke, and hardened his heart from turning unto the LORD God of Israel.)
BshpsAnd he rebelled against king Nabuchodonosor, which had receaued an oth of him by God: but he was stifnecked, and to hard hearted to turne vnto the Lord God of Israel. (And he rebelled against king Nabuchodonosor, which had received an oth of him by God: but he was stifnecked, and to hard hearted to turn unto the Lord God of Israel.)
GnvaBut he rebelled moreouer against Nebuchadnezzar, which had caused him to sweare by God: and he hardened his necke and made his heart obstinate that he might not returne to the Lord God of Israel. (But he rebelled moreover/what's_more against Nebuchadnezzar, which had caused him to swear by God: and he hardened his necke and made his heart obstinate that he might not return to the Lord God of Israel. )
CvdlHe fell awaye also from Nabuchodonosor the kynge of Babilon (which had taken an ooth of him by God) and was styfnecked, and hardened his hert, that he shulde not conuerte vnto the LORDE God of Israel. (He fell away also from Nabuchodonosor the king of Babilon (which had taken an oath of him by God) and was stiff-necked, and hardened his heart, that he should not conuerte unto the LORD God of Israel.)
WyclAlso he yede awey fro the kyng Nabugodonosor, that hadde made hym to swere bi God; and he made hard his nol and herte, that he nolde turne ayen to the Lord of Israel. (Also he went away from the king Nabugodonosor, that had made him to swear by God; and he made hard his nol and heart, that he nolde turn again to the Lord of Israel.)
LuthDazu ward er abtrünnig von Nebukadnezar, dem Könige zu Babel, der einen Eid bei GOtt von ihm genommen hatte und ward halsstarrig und verstockte sein Herz, daß er sich nicht bekehrete zu dem HErr’s, dem GOtt Israels. (In_addition what/which he abtrünnig from Nebukadnezar, to_him kings/king to Babel, the/of_the a Eid at God from him taken had and what/which stubborn and verstockte his heart, that he itself/yourself/themselves not bekehrete to to_him LORD’s, to_him God Israels.)
ClVgA rege quoque Nabuchodonosor recessit, qui adjuraverat eum per Deum: et induravit cervicem suam et cor ut non reverteretur ad Dominum Deum Israël. (A rege too Nabuchodonosor recessit, who adyuraverat him through God: and induravit cervicem his_own and heart as not/no reverteretur to Dominum God Israel. )
36:13an oath of loyalty in God’s name: The vassal oath imposed on him was probably similar to those known from Assyrian treaties, sworn in the name of the vassal’s god.
(Occurrence 0) Zedekiah stiffened his neck and hardened his heart against turning to Yahweh
(Some words not found in UHB: and=also in/on/at/with,king Nebukadnetstsar rebelled which/who swear,him in/on/at/with,God and,stiffened DOM neck,his and,hardened DOM heart,his against,turning to/towards YHWH god Yisrael )
The phrases “stiffened his neck” and “hardened his heart” are both metaphors that mean to become stubborn. Zedekiah refusing to worship Yahweh is spoken of as if he refused to turn to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Zedekiah stubbornly refused to worship Yahweh” (See also: figs-metaphor)
One of the most significant events in the story of the Old Testament is the exile of Judah to Babylon in 586 B.C. This event–actually the third in a series of exiles to Babylon (the others occurring in 605 B.C. and 597 B.C.)–precipitated several crises in the nation and in Judaism. The northern kingdom of Israel had already been exiled to Assyria over a century earlier in 722 B.C. (2 Kings 15:29; 17:1-6; 1 Chronicles 5:26; see also “Israelites Are Exiled to Assyria” map), and in some ways that exile was even more devastating. Nevertheless, the Temple of the Lord remained intact in Jerusalem as a place where the faithful could continue to offer their sacrifices. With the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple of the Lord at the hands of the Babylonians, however, sacrifices could no longer be offered at the Tabernacle or Temple of the Lord (Leviticus 17:2-4; Deuteronomy 12:5-7), and the Lord’s promise to provide a land for his people and a descendant on the throne of David no doubt seemed abandoned. At the same time, however, the Judean exiles were allowed to maintain their religious traditions in Babylon, and many even began to thrive there, including Daniel and his friends, who served at the royal court (Daniel 1; see also “The Land of Exile” map). One of the last kings of Babylon expanded Babylonia further by capturing the desert oases of Dumah, Tema, Dedan, and Yathrib (see “Oases of the Arabian Desert” map), but eventually the Median Empire to the north merged with the Persian Empire to the southeast and conquered the Babylonian Empire. King Cyrus of Persia then decreed that the exiled Judeans, now called “Jews,” could return to their homeland if they desired (2 Chronicles 36:22-23; Ezra 1-2; see also “Jews Return from Exile” map).
