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Key: khaki:verbs, blue:Elohim, green:YHWH.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
BrLXXΚαὶ ἀπέστειλεν Ἐζεκίας ἐπὶ πάντα Ἰσραὴλ καὶ Ἰούδα, καὶ ἐπιστολὰς ἔγραψεν ἐπὶ τὸν Ἐφραὶμ καὶ Μανασσῆ, ἐλθεῖν εἰς οἶκον Κυρίου, εἰς Ἱερουσαλὴμ, ποιῆσαι τὸ φασὲκ τῷ Κυρίῳ Θεῷ Ἰσραήλ. (Kai apesteilen Ezekias epi panta Israaʸl kai Youda, kai epistolas egrapsen epi ton Efraim kai Manassaʸ, elthein eis oikon Kuriou, eis Hierousalaʸm, poiaʸsai to fasek tōi Kuriōi Theōi Israaʸl. )
BrTrAnd Ezekias sent to all Israel and Juda, and wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasse, that they should come into the house of the Lord to Jerusalem, to keep the passover to the Lord God of Israel.
ULTAnd Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Judah, and also letters he wrote to Ephraim and Manasseh to come to the house of Yahweh in Jerusalem to do a Passover to Yahweh, the God of Israel.
USTKing Hezekiah, his officials, and all the other people who had gathered in Jerusalem wanted to celebrate the Passover festival. But they were not able to celebrate it at the usual time, because many of the priests had still not been able to perform all the rites of purity for themselves, so they were not allowed to do the work of that festival. Also, not everyone had come to Jerusalem to celebrate it. So they decided to celebrate the festival the following month.
BSB § Then Hezekiah sent word throughout all Israel and Judah, and he also wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasseh inviting them to come to the house of the LORD in Jerusalem to keep the Passover of the LORD, the God of Israel.
WEBBEHezekiah sent to all Israel and Judah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the LORD’s house at Jerusalem, to keep the Passover to the LORD, the God of Israel.
NETHezekiah sent messages throughout Israel and Judah; he even wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasseh, summoning them to come to the Lord’s temple in Jerusalem and observe a Passover celebration for the Lord God of Israel.
LSVAnd Hezekiah sends to all Israel and Judah, and he has also written letters to Ephraim and Manasseh, [to cause them] to come to the house of YHWH in Jerusalem, to make a Passover to YHWH, God of Israel.
FBVThen Hezekiah sent an announcement to everyone in Israel and Judah, and also sent letters to Ephraim and Manasseh,[fn] inviting them to come to the Lord's Temple in Jerusalem to celebrate the Passover of the Lord, the God of Israel.
30:1“Ephraim and Manasseh”: by this time the northern kingdom of Israel no longer existed, having been destroyed and its people taken away as prisoners by the Assyrian king Shalmanesar. By his invitation Hezekiah is appealing for those who are left in the north to “return home.”
T4TThe king and his officials and all the other people who had gathered in Jerusalem wanted to celebrate the Passover Festival. But they were not able to celebrate it at the usual time, because many of the priests had still not performed the rituals to purify themselves; therefore they were not allowed to do serve in the festival. Also, everyone had still not come to Jerusalem to celebrate the Passover. So they decided to celebrate it one month later than usual.
LEBThen Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Judah, and he also wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasseh, to come to the house of Yahweh in Jerusalem to make a Passover feast to Yahweh the God of Israel.
BBEThen Hezekiah sent word to all Israel and Judah, and sent letters to Ephraim and Manasseh, requesting them to come to the house of the Lord at Jerusalem, to keep the Passover to the Lord, the God of Israel.
JPSAnd Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Judah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of the LORD at Jerusalem, to keep the passover unto the LORD, the God of Israel.
ASVAnd Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Judah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of Jehovah at Jerusalem, to keep the passover unto Jehovah, the God of Israel.
DRAAnd Ezechias sent to all Israel and Juda: and he wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasses, that they should come to the house of the Lord in Jerusalem, and keep the phase to the Lord the God of Israel.
YLTAnd Hezekiah sendeth unto all Israel and Judah, and also letters he hath written unto Ephraim and Manasseh, to come in to the house of Jehovah in Jerusalem, to make a passover to Jehovah, God of Israel.
DrbyAnd Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Judah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of Jehovah at Jerusalem, to hold the passover to Jehovah the [fn]God of Israel.
RVAnd Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Judah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of the LORD at Jerusalem, to keep the passover unto the LORD, the God of Israel.
WbstrAnd Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Judah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of the LORD at Jerusalem, to keep the passover to the LORD God of Israel.
KJB-1769And Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Judah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of the LORD at Jerusalem, to keep the passover unto the LORD God of Israel. (And Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Yudah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of the LORD at Yerusalem, to keep the passover unto the LORD God of Israel. )
KJB-1611¶ And Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Iudah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of the LORD at Ierusalem, to keepe the Passeouer vnto the LORD God of Israel. (¶ And Hezekiah sent to all Israel and Yudah, and wrote letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of the LORD at Yerusalem, to keep the Passover unto the LORD God of Israel.)
BshpsAnd Hezekia sent to all Israel and Iuda, and wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasse, that they shoulde come to the house of the lorde at Hierusalem, and offer passouer vnto the Lorde God of Israel. (And Hezekia sent to all Israel and Yudah, and wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasse, that they should come to the house of the lord at Yerusalem, and offer passouer unto the Lord God of Israel.)
GnvaAnd Hezekiah sent to all Israel, and Iudah, and also wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of the Lord at Ierusalem, to keepe the Passeouer vnto the Lord God of Israel. (And Hezekiah sent to all Israel, and Yudah, and also wrote letters to Ephraim and Manasseh, that they should come to the house of the Lord at Yerusalem, to keep the Passover unto the Lord God of Israel. )
CvdlAnd Ezechias sent into all Israel and Iuda, and wrote letters vnto Ephraim and Manasses, that they shulde come to the house of the LORDE at Ierusalem, to kepe easter vnto the LORDE God of Israel. (And Ezechias sent into all Israel and Yudah, and wrote letters unto Ephraim and Manasses, that they should come to the house of the LORD at Yerusalem, to keep easter unto the LORD God of Israel.)
WycAnd Ezechie sente to al Israel and to Juda, and he wroot pistlis to Effraym and to Manasses, that thei schulden come in to the hous of the Lord in Jerusalem, and make paske to the Lord God of Israel. (And Ezechie sent to all Israel and to Yudah, and he wrote pistlis to Ephraim and to Manasses, that they should come in to the house of the Lord in Yerusalem, and make paske to the Lord God of Israel.)
LuthUnd Hiskia sandte hin zum ganzen Israel und Juda und schrieb Briefe an Ephraim und Manasse, daß sie kämen zum Hause des HErr’s gen Jerusalem, Passah zu halten dem HErr’s, dem GOtt Israels. (And Hiskia sent there for_the entire Israel and Yuda and schrieb Briefe at Ephraim and Manasse, that they/she/them kämen for_the house the LORD’s to/toward Yerusalem, Passah to hold to_him LORD’s, to_him God Israels.)
ClVgMisit quoque Ezechias ad omnem Israël et Judam: scripsitque epistolas ad Ephraim et Manassen ut venirent ad domum Domini in Jerusalem, et facerent Phase Domino Deo Israël.[fn] (Misit too Ezechias to omnem Israel and Yudam: scripsitque epistolas to Ephraim and Manassen as venirent to home Master in Yerusalem, and facerent Phase Master Deo Israel. )
30.1Misit quoque, etc. HIERON. Cum omni Isræl publice misisset nuntios, Manasse et Ephraim latenter misit ad eos quos sciebat conversum iri posse per epistolas. Illi enim superbiores erant propter regiam dignitatem quæ erat in domo Ephraim.
30.1Misit quoque, etc. HIERON. Since all Isræl publice misisset nuntios, Manasse and Ephraim latenter he_sent to them which sciebat conversum iri posse through epistolas. Illi because superbiores they_were propter regiam dignitatem which was in domo Ephraim.
30:1-27 This account of Hezekiah’s celebration of Passover reflects the Chronicler’s concern with the unity of Israel, the spiritual preparedness of the people, and the success of following the formula for restoration given by Solomon at the dedication of the Temple (7:14).
In seeking to celebrate the Passover, Hezekiah faced a dilemma. The Passover, a celebration of Israel’s redemption from Egypt, was the first festival of Israel’s liturgical year (Exod 12:1-2). Hezekiah had worked to restore Israel’s worship of the Lord. But the time between the beginning of his renewal and the first month of the year did not allow the priests sufficient time to be prepared and to gather the people (2 Chr 30:2-3). As a result, he could not celebrate the Passover at the scheduled time.
Hezekiah proceeded with the Passover, holding it a month late (30:15). He deemed having the celebration to be more important than holding it at the prescribed time. By deferring the date with the express purpose of allowing time for the people to gather at the Temple in Jerusalem, Hezekiah achieved harmony between Judah and the people from the northern kingdom and unified the celebration.
The precise regulations were less important than ensuring that the Passover was observed and that all could participate. Also, when the festival began, many of the people were not properly purified, so they were unable to slaughter their own sacrifices as the law required. Again, Hezekiah determined that it was more important for people to participate in the Passover than to meet the precise regulations. Hezekiah prayed for the pilgrims who had no opportunity to be properly prepared; they were not allowed to make the sacrifice in a state of impurity, but they were allowed to participate in the Passover. The right heart attitude and seeking the Lord in prayer brought God’s gracious acceptance (30:18-20; cp. 1 Cor 11:27-34).
Jesus was often criticized by the religious leaders of his day for failing to observe certain aspects of the law, especially regarding Sabbath observance and purity. Jesus’ teaching and actions conveyed that it was more important to demonstrate love toward others than to follow every minute detail of the law. He also spoke harshly of the religious leaders’ own tendency to prioritize the particularities of law observance over the principles that undergird the law. While strict law observance was foundational to Jewish identity, the spirit of the law allowed for a measure of adaptability in certain circumstances.
(Some words not found in UHB: and,sent Ḩizqiyyāh on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in all/each/any/every Yisrael and=Yihudah and,also letters wrote on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in ʼEfrayim and,Manasseh to,come to,house YHWH in/on/at/with,Jerusalem for=doing passover to/for=YHWH god Yisrael )
This represents the nation of Israel in general. Earlier the nation had been split into two kingdoms called by these names.
(Some words not found in UHB: and,sent Ḩizqiyyāh on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in all/each/any/every Yisrael and=Yihudah and,also letters wrote on/upon/above/on_account_of//he/it_went_in ʼEfrayim and,Manasseh to,come to,house YHWH in/on/at/with,Jerusalem for=doing passover to/for=YHWH god Yisrael )
Ephraim and Manasseh were two of the tribes in the northern part of Israel. Here the phrase “Ephraim and Manasseh” refers to the people who belonged to all ten of the northern tribes of Israel. Alternate translation: “the northern tribes of Israel”
Throughout his reign, Hezekiah strengthened Judah by restoring proper worship of the Lord and preparing the nation for revolt against Assyria. Though the Bible does not clearly say, both of these aspects of Hezekiah’s reign may have been borne out of a desire to undo the detrimental choices of his father, Ahaz, who had promoted idolatry through Judah (2 Chronicles 28:1-4) and made Judah a vassal to the king of Assyria in exchange for help against Israel and Aram (2 Kings 16-17; 2 Chronicles 28; Isaiah 7-8; see also “The Final Days of the Northern Kingdom of Israel” map). Later, when Hezekiah was a teenager, he witnessed Assyria’s grueling three year siege to capture Samaria (2 Kings 17:1-6; 18:9-12), perhaps cementing his resolve to throw off Judah’s yolk of servitude to Assyria (2 Kings 18:7). Whatever the reasons for his actions as king, Hezekiah spent considerable resources promoting the worship of the Lord and preparing for the inevitable Assyrian attack that would follow Judah’s refusal to submit to Assyria any longer. Hezekiah began by directing the priests and Levites to consecrate themselves and restore ritual purity to the Temple and all its furnishings (2 Chronicles 29). He sent word throughout all Israel and Judah to come and celebrate Passover together once again in Jerusalem (2 Chronicles 30). Though only a few from Israel accepted Hezekiah’s invitation, the Passover was a time of great celebration and worship for all who did come from Israel and Judah. After this, the worshipers went throughout Israel and Judah and destroyed the pagan worship centers (2 Kings 18:4; 2 Chronicles 31:1). Hezekiah also conducted a series of actions to strengthen Judah against the coming Assyrian attack. On the west he attacked the Philistines as far as Gaza (2 Kings 18:8). Part of this effort may have included a Simeonite attack on some Meunites in the valley of Gerar (as in the Septuagint; the Hebrew reading Gedor is likely due to a misreading of the letter r as the similarly shaped letter d), which is recounted in 1 Chronicles 4:39-41. Elsewhere in Scripture the Meunites appear to have lived in the region of Seir (2 Chronicles 20), south of Judah, but a remnant of them may have fled toward Gerar during Uzziah’s time when he attacked them and likely took some of them captive to serve at the Temple of the Lord in Jerusalem (Ezra 2:50; Nehemiah 7:52; also see “Resurgence of Israel and Judah” map). Other Simeonites attacked a remnant of Amalekites living in Seir, thus providing increased protection on Judah’s southern border (1 Chronicles 4:39-43). Hezekiah also fortified Jerusalem and redirected various sources of water away from enemies who might lay siege to the city (2 Chronicles 32:1-8). As part of these preparations Hezekiah commissioned the hewing of a tunnel that channeled water from the Gihon spring (probably also called the “waters of Shiloah” in Isaiah 8:6) away from the eastern side of the city and deposited it in the Lower Pool (also called the Pool of Siloam) further inside the city walls. Hezekiah also repaired portions of the wall that were broken down and built a second wall outside it, likely in the Kidron Valley. He also produced many weapons and shields. The writer of Chronicles appears to portray these preparations as being in keeping with Hezekiah’s other acts of faithfulness and righteousness. Some scholars, however, suspect that Isaiah 22:1-14 may reflect another perspective regarding Hezekiah’s preparations, though it is not certain that this passage refers to Hezekiah’s efforts.
