NUM 33:1 Parallel Verse View

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Text critical issues=none Clarity of original=clear Importance=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: khaki:verbs.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the OET-RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

BrLXX Καὶ οὗτοι οἱ σταθμοὶ τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ, ὡς ἐξῆλθον ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου σὺν δυνάμει αὐτῶν ἐν χειρὶ Μωυσῆ καὶ Ἀαρών.
(Kai houtoi hoi stathmoi tōn huiōn Israaʸl, hōs exaʸlthon ek gaʸs Aiguptou sun dunamei autōn en ⱪeiri Mōusaʸ kai Aʼarōn. )

BrTr And these are the stages of the children of Israel, as they went out from the land of Egypt with their host by the hand of Moses and Aaron.

ULT These are the journeys of the sons of Israel who went out from the land of Egypt according to their tribes by the hand of Moses and Aaron.

UST Here is a list of the places where the Israelites went as Aaron and Moses led them after they left Egypt.

BSB § These are the journeys of the Israelites when they came out of the land of Egypt by their divisions under the leadership of Moses and Aaron.

OEB No OEB NUM book available

WEBBE These are the journeys of the children of Israel, when they went out of the land of Egypt by their armies under the hand of Moses and Aaron.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET These are the journeys of the Israelites, who went out of the land of Egypt by their divisions under the authority of Moses and Aaron.

LSV These [are] the journeys of the sons of Israel who have come out of the land of Egypt, by their hosts, by the hand of Moses and Aaron;

FBV This is a record of the journeys made by the Israelites as they left Egypt in their tribal divisions led by Moses and Aaron.

T4T Here is a list of the places where the/we Israelis went as Aaron and Moses/I led them/us after they/we left Egypt.

LEB These were the journeys of the Israelites,[fn] who went out from the land of Egypt according to their divisions, by the hand of Moses and Aaron.

33:1 Literally “sons/children of Israel”

BBE These are the journeys of the children of Israel, when they went out of the land of Egypt in their armies, under the direction of Moses and Aaron.

Moff No Moff NUM book available

JPS These are the stages of the children of Israel, by which they went forth out of the land of Egypt by their hosts under the hand of Moses and Aaron.

ASV These are the journeys of the children of Israel, when they went forth out of the land of Egypt by their hosts under the hand of Moses and Aaron.

DRA These are the mansions of the children of Israel, who went out of Egypt by their troops under the conduct of Moses and Aaron,

YLT These [are] journeys of the sons of Israel who have come out of the land of Egypt, by their hosts, by the hand of Moses and Aaron;

Drby These are the journeys of the children of Israel, who went forth out of the land of Egypt according to their armies under the hand of Moses and Aaron.

RV These are the journeys of the children of Israel, when they went forth out of the land of Egypt by their hosts under the hand of Moses and Aaron.

Wbstr These are the journeys of the children of Israel, who went forth from the land of Egypt with their armies under the hand of Moses and Aaron.

KJB-1769 These are the journeys of the children of Israel, which went forth out of the land of Egypt with their armies under the hand of Moses and Aaron.

KJB-1611 ¶ These are the iourneyes of the children of Israel, which went foorth out of the land of Egypt, with their armies, vnder the hand of Moses and Aaron.
(¶ These are the journeyes of the children of Israel, which went forth out of the land of Egypt, with their armies, under the hand of Moses and Aaron.)

Bshps These are the iourneis of the children of Israel, which went out of the land of Egypt with their armies, vnder the hand of Moyses and Aaron.
(These are the iourneis of the children of Israel, which went out of the land of Egypt with their armies, under the hand of Moses and Aaron.)

Gnva These are the iourneyes of the children of Israel, which went out of the land of Egypt according to their bands vnder the hand of Moses and Aaron.
(These are the journeyes of the children of Israel, which went out of the land of Egypt according to their bands under the hand of Moses and Aaron. )

Cvdl These are ye iourneys of the childre of Israel, which wete out of ye lande of Egipte acordinge to their armies, by Moses & Aaro.
(These are ye/you_all journeys of the children of Israel, which went out of ye/you_all land of Egypt according to their armies, by Moses and Aaro.)

Wyc These ben the dwellyngis of the sones of Israel, that yeden out of the lond of Egipt, bi her cumpenyes, in the hond of Moises and of Aaron;
(These been the dwellyngis of the sons of Israel, that went out of the land of Egypt, by her cumpenyes, in the hand of Moses and of Aaron;)

Luth Das sind die Reisen der Kinder Israel, die aus Ägyptenland gezogen sind nach ihrem Heer durch Mose und Aaron.
(The are the Reisen the/of_the children Israel, the out_of Egyptland gezogen are after their Heer through Mose and Aaron.)

ClVg Hæ sunt mansiones filiorum Israël, qui egressi sunt de Ægypto per turmas suas in manu Moysi et Aaron,[fn]
(Hæ are mansiones of_children Israel, who egressi are about Ægypto through turmas their_own in by_hand of_Moses and Aaron, )

33.1 Hæ sunt mansiones, etc. ORIG., hom. 27 in Num. Diversas creavit Deus ciborum differentias, etc., usque ad aliam vero, qua post resurrectionem ascensura ad cœlos, non subito nec importune condescendit, sed per multas mansiones, in quibus singulis lumine sapientiæ illustrata ad ipsum patrem luminum perveniat. Per turmas suas. Septuaginta sic: Cum virtute sua, Christo, scilicet, qui est Dei virtus et Dei potentia. Cum ipso ergo ascenditur, qui ad nos descendit ut ascenderemus. Qui enim descendit, ipse est qui ascendit, etc. Ephes. 4.. Unde: Tecum descendam in Ægyptum, etc. Genes. 46.. Ideo, non erat in tribubus eorum infirmus. In manu Moysi et Aaron quas descripsit, etc. ORIG., ibid. Non enim tantum scientiam legis et fidei, etc., usque ad unum enim opus utriusque manus est, et una perfectionis expletio.

33.1 Hæ are mansiones, etc. ORIG., hom. 27 in Num. Diversas created God ciborum differentias, etc., until to aliam indeed/yet, which after resurrectionem ascensura to cœlos, not/no subito but_not importune condescendit, but through multas mansiones, in to_whom singulis lumine sapientiæ illustrata to ipsum patrem luminum perveniat. Per turmas suas. Septuaginta sic: Since virtute sua, Christo, scilicet, who it_is of_God virtus and of_God potentia. Since ipso therefore went_upur, who to we descendit as ascenderemus. Who because descendit, exactly_that/himself it_is who went_up, etc. Ephes. 4.. Whence: Tecum descendam in Ægyptum, etc. Genes. 46.. Ideo, non was in tribubus their infirmus. In by_hand of_Moses and Aaron which descripsit, etc. ORIG., ibid. Non because only scientiam legis and of_faith, etc., until to one because opus utriusque hands it_is, and una perfectionis expletio.

BMM BibleMapper.com Maps:

Map

The Route of the Exodus

Exodus 13-19; Numbers 33

Like several other events recorded in Scripture, the Bible’s account of the Israelites’ journey from Egypt to Mount Sinai includes an abundance of geographical references, yet it remains one of the most hotly debated topics among scholars, and numerous theories have been offered. The vast majority of geographical references provided in the story are disputed, including the place where the Israelites crossed the Red Sea, the location of Mount Sinai (see Proposed Locations for Mount Sinai map), and the various stops along the Israelites’ journey. A few locations have been established with some degree of scholarly consensus, but even these are not without opposing viewpoints. Amidst this incredible diversity of opinion, however, a single verse provides one of the most helpful clues for weighing the merits of one viewpoint over another: “By the way of Mount Seir it takes eleven days to reach Kadesh-barnea from Horeb” (Deuteronomy 1:2). For those who assume the Bible’s account to be trustworthy, this verse appears to require the following for any theory to be considered viable: 1) Kadesh-barnea and Mount Sinai must have been located at a distance from each other that could reasonably have been expected to take eleven days for an entire nation of people with small children, flocks, equipment, and perhaps even elderly members to travel on foot; and 2) the pace established by this distance over eleven days should most likely be considered the typical pace for the Israelites as they traveled from place to place along the other parts of the journey. This two-pronged test clearly strains many of the theories put forth to this point, especially when one factors in the time references given for the start of the journey (Exodus 12:6; Numbers 33:3), the middle of the journey (Exodus 16:1; Numbers 33:8), and the end of the journey (Exodus 19:1). In short, the journey from Rameses to the Wilderness of Sin took 31 days, since it included the 15th day of the second month, and the rest of the journey took another 16 days, assuming they arrived at Mount Sinai on the 15th day (not the first day, etc.) of the third month. Along with these criteria, a theory’s overall congruence with other established geographical and archeological data should bolster its credibility over other proposals. Another consideration is the extreme similarity between the events at Rephidim (Exodus 17) and the events at Kadesh-barnea (Numbers 20:1-13; 27:12-14; Deuteronomy 32:51; Ezekiel 47:19; 48:28), raising the question of whether Rephidim (meaning “resting places”) is in fact Kadesh-barnea. With these things in mind, the map below proposes a route for the exodus that meets virtually all of these criteria. A careful analysis and explanation of all the elements of the map is far beyond the scope of this article, but a few key points should be noted. The term Red Sea, in addition to referring to what we now regard it, must have also applied to the interconnected lakes and marshlands that lay along what is now the Suez Canal. Also, the portion of the journey that passed through the wilderness for three days without water (Exodus 15:22; Numbers 33:8) may have been comprised of a partial first day, a full second day, and a partial third day, much like Jesus’ time in the tomb is reckoned as three days in Matthew 12:40. Most notably, Mount Sinai is placed on this map at Gebel Khashm et-Tarif, which is appropriately located near, but not in, Midian (Exodus 3:1; 18:5; Numbers 10:29-30). It is also located 89 miles from Kadesh-barnea (assuming Kadesh is at Tall al-Quderat), which establishes a reasonable pace of 7.6 miles (12.2 km) per day to travel between them in 11 days. This lines up well with several known sources of water along that route (e.g., `Ain Qedeis [Hazar-addar?], Tamilat Suwelima [Hor-haggiggad?], and the spring at Kuntillet al-Girafi [unknown ancient identification]). This general pace then synchronizes very well with the timetable and distances required by this map for the other parts of the journey. The distance from Rameses to the Wilderness of Sin (where it is located here) could be completed in under 26 days, leaving an acceptable buffer of about 5 days for the parting of the Red Sea and perhaps a slower pace through the Wilderness of Shur/Etham. The entire journey took about 60 days, and the journey from the Wilderness of Sin to Mount Sinai took about 29 days. This leaves an acceptable buffer of time to complete the rest of the journey (about 16 days of travel) with a very adequate two weeks of extra time for Jethro to visit Moses and the Israelites to do battle with the Amalekites (Exodus 17-18). It should be noted that this timetable generally assumes (but does not necessarily require) that travel continued on sabbath days, but Scripture does not make clear whether travel was prohibited as work prior to the giving of the law at Mount Sinai.

Map

The Israelites’ Journeys in the Wilderness

Numbers 13-14; 20-21; 33; Deuteronomy 1-2; 10:6-9

After the Israelites received the law on Mount Sinai, which may have been located at Khashm et-Tarif (see also “The Route of the Exodus”), they traveled to Kadesh-barnea, a distance that took eleven days “by the way of Mount Seir” (Deuteronomy 1:2). The phrase “by the way of Mount Seir” suggests that more than one route existed between Mount Sinai and Kadesh, as shown here, but the road the Israelites took probably ran alongside the mountainous region of Seir. This route would have offered greater access to water from wells, natural springs, and seasonal streams flowing from the hills of Seir–a critical necessity for a large group traveling through this very arid region. Nearly every location identified on this map was essentially a small community centered around one of these life-enabling sources of water. After reaching Kadesh in the wilderness of Zin, the Israelites prepared to enter Canaan by sending spies to scout out the land. But when ten of the twelve spies brought back news about the strength of the Canaanites, the people became afraid to enter the land, so the Lord punished them by condemning them to travel in the wilderness for forty years until that generation died off. Some Israelites repented and tried to enter the land, but they were beaten back to Hormah by the Amalekites and Canaanites. So for forty years the Israelites traveled from place to place, probably in the general area of Kadesh-barnea, though very few locations mentioned are able to be established with much certainty. As the forty years of traveling drew to a close, the Israelites prepared again to travel to Canaan by requesting permission from the king of Edom to pass through his land. When the king refused, the Israelites “turned away” from the Edomites and set out from Kadesh to travel to Mount Hor. The Jewish historian Josephus located Mount Hor at Jebel Nebi Harun, a very tall mountain in eastern Edom, but this has been rejected by many scholars in favor of other sites such as Jebel Madeira to the northeast of Kadesh. This author is convinced, however, that any candidate for Mount Hor must be sought to the south of Kadesh-barnea. Numbers 33:30 and Deuteronomy 10:6 mention that, during their wilderness travels, the Israelites camped at Moseroth/Moserah, which was apparently located at Mount Hor, since both Moseroth/Moserah and Mount Hor are cited as the place where Aaron died (Numbers 21:29-29; 33:37-39; Deuteronomy 10:6-9). It is difficult to envision the Israelites traveling back to the edge of Canaan after suffering defeat there the last time they attempted to enter the land. These same passages also note that after their stay at Moseroth/Moserah the Israelites traveled to Hor-haggidgad/Gudgodah (probably located along the Wadi Khadakhid) and then to Jotbathah, with no mention of passing through Kadesh, which they would have had to do if Mount Hor was north of Kadesh (since they were avoiding the land of Edom). Also, in Deuteronomy 2:1 Moses says that after the Israelites left Kadesh, “we journeyed back into the wilderness, in the direction of the Red Sea, as the Lord had told me and skirted Mount Seir for many days,” and Aaron’s death on Mount Hor fits best during this time. Similarly, Numbers 21:4 says “from Mount Hor they set out by the way to the Red Sea, to go around the land of Edom,” but there would have been no way to the Red Sea around the land of Edom if Mount Hor were located northeast of Kadesh. One element of the wilderness narratives that appears to favor a northeast location for Mount Hor, however, is the story of the king of Arad, which the book of Numbers (chapters 21 and 33) places immediately after the death of Aaron on Mount Hor. At first glance, the narrative seems to imply that the king attacked the Israelites at Mount Hor, which fits better with a northern location. Yet, it is also possible that the story is simply noting that it was after the Israelites’ arrival at Mount Hor that the king of Arad first learned of the Israelites’ renewed intentions to enter Canaan, perhaps as a result of their request to pass through Edom. But it may have been later that the king of Arad actually engaged them in battle, perhaps as they were passing north of Zalmonah and appeared to be ready to enter Canaan by way of Arad (see Numbers 33:41-42 and the map “The Journey to Abel-shittim”). For these reasons, this author believes that Har Karkom is the best candidate for the location of Mount Hor. The site is appropriately located at the edge of Seir and along the way to the Red Sea. This site’s role as an ancient cultic center is also well established. Perhaps Aaron’s priestly duties and authority in Israel had grown out of a similar role he had previously held at Mount Hor (see also Numbers 12:1-2; Deuteronomy 33:2; Judges 5:4-5), where he was eventually buried.

Parallel NUM 33:1

The Route of the Exodus

The Israelites’ Journeys in the Wilderness