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In this section Paul wrote about different spiritual gifts, or abilities, that the Holy Spirit gives to believers. He listed some of these spiritual gifts and taught that God gave them to us to help the church. He compared the body of Christ with the human body in order to explain that all of the spiritual gifts are important to the church.
Here are some other possible section headings:
Using spiritual gifts
God gives spiritual gifts to each member of the body
About spiritual gifts
In these two verses there is a series of seven rhetorical questions. Paul used them all as strong negative statements. He hoped that people would respond “No” to all of them.
Here are some ways to translate these negative statements:
Use rhetorical questions. For example, the NET translates them as questions that imply the response “No”:
Not all are apostles, are they? Not all are prophets, are they? Not all are teachers, are they? Not all perform miracles, do they? Not all have gifts of healing, do they? Not all speak in tongues, do they? Not all interpret, do they? (NET)
Use statements. For example:
Not everyone is an apostle. Not everyone is a prophet. Not everyone is a teacher. Not everyone can work miracles. Not everyone can heal the sick. Not everyone can speak different kinds of languages. Not everyone can tell what these languages mean. (CEV)
In both the NET and CEV, as in the Greek, the pattern or form of each sentence is the same. In some languages such repetition may be unnatural. In those languages it may be necessary to use varied structures. The second meaning lines in the Display suggest some ways to vary the sentence forms.
Are all apostles?
Are they/you all apostles? No.
You know that the Lord did not send everyone as a special messenger in his work.
Are all apostles?: This is a rhetorical question. Paul stated that everyone knows that not all believers are apostles. This was not new information to Paul’s readers.
all: The word all refers to “all believers.”
Here are some other ways to translate this word:
all believers
all of you(plur)
all of us(incl)
apostles: This is the same word as in 12:28. You should translate it the same way that you did there.
Here are some ways to translate this rhetorical question:
Are all believers apostles? No!
Not all of you(plur) are apostles, are you?
You know that not all of us(incl) are apostles.
Not all believers are apostles.
Are all prophets?
Are they/you all prophets? No.
God did not inspire all of us(incl) to declare his message.
Are all prophets?: This is a rhetorical question. Paul’s readers knew that not everyone is a prophet.
Here are some other ways to translate this rhetorical question:
Are all believers prophets? No!
Not all of you(plur) are prophets.
Are all teachers?
Are they/you all teachers? No.
We(incl) are not all teachers of God’s word.
Are all teachers?: This is a rhetorical question. The word teachers refers to those who explain to others the meaning of God’s word. Translate this the same as you did in 12:28.
Here are some other ways to translate this rhetorical question:
Are all believers teachers? No!
Not all of you(plur) are teachers.
Do all work miracles?
Are they/you all able to do miracles? No.
Not all of us(incl) can do miracles.
Do all work miracles?: This is a rhetorical question. Paul’s readers knew that not everybody can do miracles.
Here are some other ways to translate this rhetorical question:
Are all believers able to do miracles? No!
Not all of you(plur) can do miraculous things.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / rquestion
μὴ πάντες ἀπόστολοι? μὴ πάντες προφῆται? μὴ πάντες διδάσκαλοι? μὴ πάντες δυνάμεις?
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Μή πάντες ἀπόστολοι Μή πάντες προφῆται Μή πάντες διδάσκαλοι Μή πάντες δυνάμεις)
Paul does not ask these questions because he is looking for information. Rather, he asks them to involve the Corinthians in what he is arguing. The questions assume that the answer is “no, they are not” or “no, they do not.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express these questions by stating the ideas as strong negations. Alternate translation: [Not all are apostles. Not all are prophets. Not all are teachers. Not all do miracles.]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis
μὴ πάντες δυνάμεις
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Μή πάντες ἀπόστολοι Μή πάντες προφῆται Μή πάντες διδάσκαλοι Μή πάντες δυνάμεις)
Here, unlike with the other questions in the verse, supplying are does not make sense. Paul is not saying that Not all “are” miracles. Rather, he is saying that Not all perform miracles. You could supply a comparable word that refers to “performing” miracles. Alternate translation: [Not all perform miracles, do they]
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.