OET interlinear 1COR 15:21

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: grammar-connect-logic-result

ἐπειδὴ

since

Here, since introduces a logical statement about how things work. Paul assumes that everyone agrees that death is by a man. His point is that, since things work that way, by a man also resurrection of the dead. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express since with a word or phrase that introduces this kind of logical connection. Alternate translation: “since we know that” or “because it is true that”

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

δι’ ἀνθρώπου θάνατος

by /a/_man death_‹is›

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind death, you can express the idea by using a verb such as “die.” Alternate translation: “everyone dies by a man”

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / extrainfo

δι’ ἀνθρώπου & καὶ δι’ ἀνθρώπου

by /a/_man & also by /a/_man

Here, the first man that Paul refers to would be “Adam,” the first man. When Adam sinned, death became a part of human life (See: especially Genesis 3:17–19). The second man that Paul refers to is Christ, whose resurrection guarantees and begins the resurrection of the dead. However, since Paul explains this in the next verse (15:22), if possible do not include this information here. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate a man to make it clear that a specific man is in view in both cases. Alternate translation: “is by a specific man, by a specific man also”

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / ellipsis

δι’ ἀνθρώπου θάνατος, καὶ δι’ ἀνθρώπου ἀνάστασις

by /a/_man death_‹is› also by /a/_man resurrection

In both clauses, Paul omits the verb is because the Corinthians would infer it. If your readers would not infer this verb, you could include it in the first clause (as the ULT does) or in both clauses. Alternate translation: “death is by a man, by a man also is the resurrection”

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

ἀνάστασις νεκρῶν

resurrection ˱of˲_/the/_dead_‹is›

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind resurrection, you can express the idea by using a verb such as “resurrect” or “live again.” Alternate translation: “the dead will resurrect” or “the dead will be restored to life”

Note 6 topic: figures-of-speech / nominaladj

νεκρῶν

˱of˲_/the/_dead_‹is›

Paul is using the adjective dead as a noun in order to refer to all people who are dead. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this with a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “of the dead people” or “of the corpses”