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Yhn C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16 C17 C18 C19 C20 C21

Yhn 19 V1 V3 V5 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V17 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41

OET interlinear YHN (JHN) 19:20

◄ ← YHN (JHN) 19:20 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. τότε
    2. tote
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 51190
    6. D·······
    7. then
    8. then
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 79689
    1. τοῦτον
    2. houtos
    3. this
    4. -
    5. 37780
    6. E····AMS
    7. this
    8. this
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79670
    11. 79690
    1. Οὖν
    2. oun
    3. Therefore
    4. -
    5. 37670
    6. C·······
    7. therefore
    8. therefore
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 79691
    1. τόν
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79692
    1. τίτλον
    2. titlos
    3. title
    4. title
    5. 51020
    6. N····AMS
    7. title
    8. title
    9. -
    10. Y33; F79713; F79714
    11. 79693
    1. πολλοί
    2. pollos
    3. many
    4. -
    5. 41830
    6. S····NMP
    7. many
    8. many
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79694
    1. ἀνέγνωσαν
    2. anaginōskō
    3. read
    4. -
    5. 3140
    6. VIAA3··P
    7. read
    8. read
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79695
    1. πολλοί
    2. pollos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 41830
    6. S····NMP
    7. many
    8. many
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 79696
    1. τῶν
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79697
    1. Ἰουδαίων
    2. ioudaios
    3. Youdaiōns
    4. -
    5. 24530
    6. S····GMP
    7. Youdaiōns
    8. Jews
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 79698
    1. ὅτι
    2. hoti
    3. because
    4. because
    5. 37540
    6. C·······
    7. because
    8. because
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79699
    1. ἐγγύς
    2. eŋgus
    3. near
    4. -
    5. 14510
    6. P·······
    7. near
    8. near
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79700
    1. ἦν
    2. eimi
    3. was
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. was
    8. was
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79701
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79702
    1. τόπος
    2. topos
    3. place
    4. place
    5. 51170
    6. N····NMS
    7. place
    8. place
    9. -
    10. Y33; F79708
    11. 79703
    1. τῆς
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79704
    1. πόλεως
    2. polis
    3. city
    4. city
    5. 41720
    6. N····GFS
    7. city
    8. city
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79705
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 79706
    1. τόπος
    2. topos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 51170
    6. N····NMS
    7. place
    8. place
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 79707
    1. ὅπου
    2. hopou
    3. where
    4. where
    5. 36990
    6. R·······
    7. where
    8. where
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79703
    11. 79708
    1. ἐσταυρώθη
    2. stauroō
    3. was executed on a stake
    4. executed
    5. 47170
    6. VIAP3··S
    7. ˓was˒ executed_on_a_stake
    8. ˓was˒ crucified
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79709
    1. ὁ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79710
    1. Ἰησοῦς
    2. iēsous
    3. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    4. -
    5. 24240
    6. N····NMS
    7. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    8. Jesus
    9. UN
    10. Person=Jesus; Y33; F79736; F79742
    11. 79711
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79712
    1. ἦν
    2. eimi
    3. it was
    4. it
    5. 15100
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. ˱it˲ was
    8. ˱it˲ was
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79693
    11. 79713
    1. γεγραμμένον
    2. grafō
    3. having been written
    4. written
    5. 11250
    6. VPEP·NNS
    7. ˓having_been˒ written
    8. ˓having_been˒ written
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79693
    11. 79714
    1. Ἑβραϊστί
    2. Hebraisti
    3. In Hebraios
    4. -
    5. 14470
    6. D·······
    7. in_Hebraios
    8. in_Hebrew
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 79715
    1. Ἑλληνιστί
    2. Hellēnisti
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 16760
    6. D·······
    7. in_Greek
    8. in_Greek
    9. U
    10. -
    11. 79716
    1. Ῥωμαϊστί
    2. rōmaisti
    3. In Latin
    4. Latin
    5. 45150
    6. D·······
    7. in_Latin
    8. in_Latin
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 79717
    1. Ἑβραϊστί
    2. Hebraisti
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 14470
    6. D·······
    7. in_Hebraios
    8. in_Hebrew
    9. U
    10. -
    11. 79718
    1. Ἑλληνιστί
    2. Hellēnisti
    3. In Hellaʸn
    4. -
    5. 16760
    6. D·······
    7. in_Greek
    8. in_Greek
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 79719

OET (OET-LV) Therefore this the title many of_the Youdaiōns read, because the place was near of_the city, where the Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa) was_executed_on_a_stake, and it_was having_been_written In_Hebraios, In_Latin, In_Hellaʸn.

OET (OET-RV) Many Jews read this title because the place where Yeshua was executed was near the city, and it had been written in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 19:16b–27: Soldiers nailed Jesus to a cross

This section describes how the soldiers nailed Jesus to a cross to die. Pilate ordered that they put a sign on the cross saying that Jesus was the King of the Jews. The chief priests complained to Pilate, but he did not change it. While Jesus was dying, the soldiers divided his clothes among themselves. Also, Jesus gave his mother into the care of the disciple whom he loved.

Here are other possible titles for this section:

Jesus’ enemies crucified him

Jesus on the cross

The crucifixion of Jesus

Paragraph 19:16b–22

The soldiers nailed Jesus to a cross to die. Pilate wrote a sign announcing that he was the King of the Jews. The high priests complained about this sign, but Pilate did not change it.

19:20a

Many of the Jews read this sign,

Many of the Jews read this sign: Here the phrase the Jews refers to the Jewish people in general and not just to the Jewish leaders. The people who walked past the crucifixion could see the notice on the cross. John specifically mentions the Jews. That fact was probably the motive for the chief priests to complain to Pilate in 19:21. Some translations leave the fact that the people were Jews implied, but it is recommended that you make it explicit. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

many of the Jewish residents of Jerusalem read this notice (NET)

This inscription, in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek, was read by many Jews (REB)

19:20b

because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city,

because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city: There are two reasons why so many Jews could read this notice. This is the first reason: the place Jesus was crucified was just outside of Jerusalem. The Jews who lived there and those visiting during Passover could easily go see the men hanging on crosses. Here is another way to translate this clause:

The place where Jesus was taken wasn’t far from the city (CEV)

the city: This phrase here refers to Jerusalem.

19:20c

and it was written in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek.

and it was written in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek: This clause indicates the second reason that many Jews could read the sign. That reason was that the notice was written in all three of the main languages spoken in that area. In your translation, it may be natural to indicate that Hebrew, Latin, and Greek were all languages that people spoke then. For example:

The sign was written in three languages: Hebrew, Latin, and Greek.

The notice was written three times in the language of the Jews, the language of the Romans, and the language of the Greeks.

Hebrew: The word Hebrew is transliterated from the Greek for the language that the Jewish people in Jesus’ day spoke. Some translations use the word “Aramaic” which is the name in modern English. Here are some other ways this idea can be translated:

The sign was written in the Jewish language (NCV)

in the language that the Jews spoke

See how you translated this word in 19:13 and 19:17.

Latin: Latin is the name of the language that the ancient Romans spoke. It was the language that the government used and Pilate’s own language.

Greek: The Greek language was the common trade language spoken in the eastern half of the Roman Empire. The people who spoke it can be called “Greeks,” but you should not indicate that they were from Greece. No country with that name existed in Jesus’ time.

General Comment on 19:20a–c

In some languages it is more natural to rearrange 19:20a–c. For example:

20cThe sign was written in the Jewish language, in Latin, and in Greek. 20aMany of the Jews read the sign, 20bbecause the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city. (NCV91)

20cThis inscription, in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek. 20awas read by many Jews, 20bsince the place where Jesus was crucified was not far from the city. (REB)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

ὁ τόπος & ὅπου ἐσταυρώθη ὁ Ἰησοῦς

the place & where ˓was˒_crucified ¬the Jesus

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [the place where they crucified Jesus]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

τῆς πόλεως

˱of˲_the city

Here, the city refers to Jerusalem. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: [the city called Jerusalem]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

καὶ ἦν γεγραμμένον Ἑβραϊστί, Ῥωμαϊστί, Ἑλληνιστί

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: τοῦτον Οὖν τόν τίτλον πολλοί ἀνέγνωσαν τῶν Ἰουδαίων ὅτι ἐγγύς ἦν ὁ τόπος τῆς πόλεως ὅπου ἐσταυρώθη ὁ Ἰησοῦς καί ἦν γεγραμμένον Ἑβραϊστί Ῥωμαϊστί Ἑλληνιστί)

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [The one who prepared the sign wrote the words in three languages: Hebrew, Latin, and Greek]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

Ἑβραϊστί

in_Hebrew

See how you translated this phrase, in Hebrew, in [5:2](../05/02.md).

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

Ῥωμαϊστί

in_Latin

Latin was the language spoken by the Roman government and Roman soldiers. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: [in the language spoken by the Romans]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Therefore
    2. -
    3. 37670
    4. S
    5. oun
    6. C-·······
    7. therefore
    8. therefore
    9. S
    10. Y33
    11. 79691
    1. this
    2. -
    3. 37780
    5. houtos
    6. E-····AMS
    7. this
    8. this
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79670
    11. 79690
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79692
    1. title
    2. title
    3. 51020
    5. titlos
    6. N-····AMS
    7. title
    8. title
    9. -
    10. Y33; F79713; F79714
    11. 79693
    1. many
    2. -
    3. 41830
    5. pollos
    6. S-····NMP
    7. many
    8. many
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79694
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMP
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79697
    1. Youdaiōns
    2. -
    3. 24530
    4. U
    5. ioudaios
    6. S-····GMP
    7. Youdaiōns
    8. Jews
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 79698
    1. read
    2. -
    3. 3140
    5. anaginōskō
    6. V-IAA3··P
    7. read
    8. read
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79695
    1. because
    2. because
    3. 37540
    5. hoti
    6. C-·······
    7. because
    8. because
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79699
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79702
    1. place
    2. place
    3. 51170
    5. topos
    6. N-····NMS
    7. place
    8. place
    9. -
    10. Y33; F79708
    11. 79703
    1. was
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. was
    8. was
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79701
    1. near
    2. -
    3. 14510
    5. eŋgus
    6. P-·······
    7. near
    8. near
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79700
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79704
    1. city
    2. city
    3. 41720
    5. polis
    6. N-····GFS
    7. city
    8. city
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79705
    1. where
    2. where
    3. 36990
    5. hopou
    6. R-·······
    7. where
    8. where
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79703
    11. 79708
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NMS
    7. ¬the
    8. ¬the
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79710
    1. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    2. -
    3. 24240
    4. UN
    5. iēsous
    6. N-····NMS
    7. Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa)
    8. Jesus
    9. UN
    10. Person=Jesus; Y33; F79736; F79742
    11. 79711
    1. was executed on a stake
    2. executed
    3. 47170
    5. stauroō
    6. V-IAP3··S
    7. ˓was˒ executed_on_a_stake
    8. ˓was˒ crucified
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79709
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y33
    11. 79712
    1. it was
    2. it
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. ˱it˲ was
    8. ˱it˲ was
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79693
    11. 79713
    1. having been written
    2. written
    3. 11250
    5. grafō
    6. V-PEP·NNS
    7. ˓having_been˒ written
    8. ˓having_been˒ written
    9. -
    10. Y33; R79693
    11. 79714
    1. In Hebraios
    2. -
    3. 14470
    4. U
    5. Hebraisti
    6. D-·······
    7. in_Hebraios
    8. in_Hebrew
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 79715
    1. In Latin
    2. Latin
    3. 45150
    4. U
    5. rōmaisti
    6. D-·······
    7. in_Latin
    8. in_Latin
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 79717
    1. In Hellaʸn
    2. -
    3. 16760
    4. U
    5. Hellēnisti
    6. D-·······
    7. in_Greek
    8. in_Greek
    9. U
    10. Y33
    11. 79719

OET (OET-LV) Therefore this the title many of_the Youdaiōns read, because the place was near of_the city, where the Yaʸsous/(Yəhōshūˊa) was_executed_on_a_stake, and it_was having_been_written In_Hebraios, In_Latin, In_Hellaʸn.

OET (OET-RV) Many Jews read this title because the place where Yeshua was executed was near the city, and it had been written in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← YHN (JHN) 19:20 ↑ → ► ║ ©