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OET (OET-LV) And the eyes of_him are a_flame of_fire, and on the head of_him crowns many, having name having_been_written, which no_one has_known, except not/lest he,
OET (OET-RV) His eyes shone like a flame of fire, and he had many crowns on his head, with a name written (on him? See v16) that no one knows except himself,
In this section, John saw a rider on a white horse. An army followed him. An angel called to the birds to gather. The beast gathered his army, but they lost the battle. Someone captured the beast and the false prophet and threw them into the lake of fire. Birds ate the bodies of the defeated soldiers.
Other examples of headings for this section are:
Jesus fought against the beast and false prophet
The one riding a white horse won the battle
He has eyes like blazing fire,
His eyes were like flames of fire, (NLT)
His eyes are bright like flames of fire,
He has eyes like blazing fire: The Greek clause is literally “His eyes like a flame of fire.” Other ways to translate this clause are:
His eyes were like flames of fire (NLT)
His has eyes like bright flames of fire
This phrase should be translated similarly to the phrase “His eyes were like a blazing fire” in 1:14b.
and many royal crowns on His head.
and on his head he wore many crowns.
and he has many headdresses on his head, indicating he is king.
and many royal crowns on His head: The phrase on His head is emphasized in the Greek. If possible, emphasize the phrase on His head in a natural way in your language. For example:
and on his head are many crowns (NIV)
royal crowns: The Greek word that the BSB translates as royal crowns refers to a decorated metal circle or covering for the head. Kings wear royal crowns on their heads. The royal crowns here are a symbol of the authority to rule people.
In some languages people are not familiar with royal crowns. If that is true in your language, you may want to explain it in your translation. For example:
headpieces/hats of rulers
headdresses of authority
See how you translated this word in 4:4 or 13:1.
He has a name written on Him that only He Himself knows.
A name was written on him that is known only by him.
He wrote on himself a name that only he knows.
He is the only one/person who knows the name that was on him.
a name written on Him: This clause is passive. Some languages must use an active or intransitive clause. Probably God or the rider wrote the name. For example:
a name that God wrote on him
a name that the rider wrote on himself
a name on him
If you translate according to the last example, your translation should imply that the name was written.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
οἱ δὲ ὀφθαλμοὶ αὐτοῦ φλὸξ πυρός
the (Some words not found in SR-GNT: οἱ Δέ ὀφθαλμοί αὐτοῦ φλόξ πυρός καί ἐπί τήν κεφαλήν αὐτοῦ διαδήματα πολλά ἔχων ὄνομα γεγραμμένον ὅ οὐδείς οἶδεν εἰ μή αὐτός)
John is speaking as if the eyes of the one riding on the white horse were actually a flame of fire. This is something that could be taken literally within the world of the vision, but it is more likely that John means this as a comparison, as in [1:14](../01/14.md) and [2:18](../02/18.md). In that case, the point of the comparison would be that Jesus has eyes that are so bright and lively that they resemble a burning flame. See how you translated this earlier in the book. Alternate translation: [whose eyes also glow like a flame of fire]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicitinfo
φλὸξ πυρός
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: οἱ Δέ ὀφθαλμοί αὐτοῦ φλόξ πυρός καί ἐπί τήν κεφαλήν αὐτοῦ διαδήματα πολλά ἔχων ὄνομα γεγραμμένον ὅ οὐδείς οἶδεν εἰ μή αὐτός)
It might seem that the expression a flame of fire contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in your language. If so, you could shorten it. Alternate translation: [flames]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
γεγραμμένον
˓having_been˒_written
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [in writing]
Note 4 topic: grammar-connect-exceptions
ὃ οὐδεὶς οἶδεν, εἰ μὴ αὐτός
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: οἱ Δέ ὀφθαλμοί αὐτοῦ φλόξ πυρός καί ἐπί τήν κεφαλήν αὐτοῦ διαδήματα πολλά ἔχων ὄνομα γεγραμμένον ὅ οὐδείς οἶδεν εἰ μή αὐτός)
If it would appear in your language that John was contradicting himself by saying that no one knows this name and then saying that someone does know this name, you could reword this to avoid using an exception clause. Alternate translation: [that only he knows]
Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy
ὃ οὐδεὶς οἶδεν, εἰ μὴ αὐτός
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: οἱ Δέ ὀφθαλμοί αὐτοῦ φλόξ πυρός καί ἐπί τήν κεφαλήν αὐτοῦ διαδήματα πολλά ἔχων ὄνομα γεγραμμένον ὅ οὐδείς οἶδεν εἰ μή αὐτός)
It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. This could mean: (1) that no one except Jesus knows the meaning of the name. Alternate translation: [Only he knows the meaning of that name] (2) that no one except Jesus knows what the name is. Alternate translation: [Only he knows what that name is]
OET (OET-LV) And the eyes of_him are a_flame of_fire, and on the head of_him crowns many, having name having_been_written, which no_one has_known, except not/lest he,
OET (OET-RV) His eyes shone like a flame of fire, and he had many crowns on his head, with a name written (on him? See v16) that no one knows except himself,
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.