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UTN uW Translation Notes:

Leviticus 4 General Notes

Structure and Formatting

This chapter begins with a new introduction that continues the narrative framing at the beginning of the book. As such, Leviticus 4:1–5:13 should be taken as a discrete unit, continuing on from Leviticus 1–3.This chapter gives instructions on how to offer a sacrifice for unintentional sins, called a purification offering because of its ability to purify the sacred space and sacred objects that are dedicated to Yahweh from the impurities generated by unintentional sin. The structure of the chapter offers can be mapped out as follows:- 1) The Purification Offering (4:1–5:13) - I. Unintentional Sins (4:1–35) - i. scenario #1: The High Priest (4:3–12) - ii. scenario #2: The Community (4:13–21) - iii. scenario #3: A Leader (4:22–26) - iv. scenario #4: An Individual (4:27–35)The chapter addresses four hypothetical situations where this kind of sacrifice is needed:- 1) the high priest unintentionally sins (4:3–12)- 2) the whole community unintentionally sins (4:13–21)- 3) a leader in the community unintentionally sins (4:22–26)- 4) an ordinary individual unintentionally sins (4:27–35) - that individual offers a goat (4:27–31) - that individual offers a sheep (4:32–35)As in Leviticus 1, the instructions offer a detailed outline of the procedure for the sacrifice. The instructed steps include:- 1) presenting a perfect animal to the priest (4:3, 14) - for the high priest, a young bull (4:3) - for the community, a young bull (4:13) - for the leader, a male goat (4:23) - for the individual, a male goat (4:28) or a female sheep (4:32)- 2) bringing the animal to the tent of meeting (4:4, 14, 23, 28, 32)- 3) laying hands on the animal (4:4, 15, 24, 29, 33)- 4) killing the animal (4:4, 15, 24, 29, 33)- 5) bringing the blood into the tent of meeting (4:5, 16)- 6) sprinkling the blood seven times before Yahweh towards the curtain (4:6, 17)- 7) putting some blood on each of the four horns of an altar (4:7, 18, 25, 30, 34) - for the high priest and the community, the blood is applied to the horns of the incense altar (4:7, 18) - for the leader and the individual, the blood is applied to the horns of the burnt-offering altar (4:25, 30, 34)- 8) pouring the rest of the blood out on the base of the burnt-offering altar (4:8, 18, 25, 30, 34)- 9) properly butchering the animal into the fat portions (4:9–10, 19–20, 26, 31, 35)- 10) burning the fat portions and creating the pleasant-smelling smoke (4:10, 19–20, 26, 31, 35)- 11) bringing the rest of the sacrificed animal portions outside the camp to burn them (4:11–12, 21)

Parallel LEV 4:0

Leviticus 4 General Notes

Structure and Formatting

Special Concepts in this Chapter

Unintentional sins

Guilt

Sprinkling Blood

The various altars and the sacred curtain

Disposing of the portions of the sacrifice that are not burned