REV 18:13 Parallel Verse View

Note: This view shows ‘verses’ which are not natural language units and hence sometimes only part of a sentence will be visible—click on any Bible version abbreviation down the left-hand side to see the verse in more of its context. Normally the OET discourages the reading of individual ‘verses’, but this view is only designed as a tool for doing comparisons of different translations—the older translations are further down the page (so you can read up from the bottom to trace the English translation history). The OET segments on this page are still very early looks into the unfinished texts of the Open English Translation of the Bible—please double-check these texts in advance before using in public.

Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)

Key: orange:accusative/object, pink:genitive/possessor.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).

ULT and cinnamon and spice and incense and myrrh and frankincense and wine and oil and fine flour and wheat and cattle and sheep and horses and chariots and bodies and souls of men.

UST 12-13 They sell ornaments made of gold, silver, precious stones, and pearls. They sell expensive cloth made of fine linen and silk, expensive cloth that is dyed purple and crimson. They sell many kinds of scented wood and many kinds of items made of ivory, the most expensive wood, bronze, iron, and marble. They sell cinnamon, spices, incense, myrrh, frankincense, wine, olive oil, fine flour, and grain. They sell cattle, sheep, horses, and chariots. They even sell human beings as slaves.

BSB of cinnamon, spice, incense, myrrh, and frankincense; of wine, olive oil, fine flour, and wheat; of cattle, sheep, horses, and carriages; of bodies and souls of [slaves].

MSB of cinnamon,[fn] incense, myrrh, and frankincense; of wine, olive oil, fine flour, and wheat; of cattle, sheep, horses, and carriages; of bodies and souls of [slaves].

BLB and cinnamon, and spice, and incense, and myrrh, and frankincense; and wine, and oil, and finest flour, and wheat; and cattle, and sheep, and of horses, and of chariots; and of slaves and souls of men.

AICNT and cinnamon [and spice][fn] and incense [and perfume][fn] and frankincense and wine and oil and fine flour and wheat and cattle and sheep, and horses and chariots and slaves, and human souls.

18:13, and spice: Absent from some manuscripts. BYZ TR

18:13, and perfume: Absent from C(04).

OEB nor their cinnamon, or spice, or incense, or perfumes, or frankincense, or wine, or oil, or fine flour, or wheat, or cattle, or sheep; nor their horses, or chariots, or slaves; nor the bodies and souls of people.

WEBBE and cinnamon, incense, perfume, frankincense, wine, olive oil, fine flour, wheat, cattle, sheep, horses, chariots, and people’s bodies and souls.

WMBB (Same as above)

NET cinnamon, spice, incense, perfumed ointment, frankincense, wine, olive oil and costly flour, wheat, cattle and sheep, horses and four-wheeled carriages, slaves and human lives.

LSV and cinnamon, and amomum, and incense, and ointment, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and cattle, and sheep, and of horses, and of chariots, and of bodies and souls of men.

FBV shipments of cinnamon, spice, incense, myrrh, frankincense, wine, olive oil, fine flour and wheat, cattle and sheep, horses and wagons, and slaves and prisoners.[fn]

18:13 Literally, “bodies and souls of men.”

TCNT cargo of [fn]cinnamon, incense, myrrh, frankincense, [fn]oil, fine flour, wheat, [fn]sheep, cattle, horses and chariots, and bodies and souls of men.

18:13 cinnamon, 𝔐^K+ [20.3%] • 𝔐^K− [24.5%] • 𝔐^A+,C HF PCK RP TR [25.5%] • MSS [5.7%] ¦ cinnamon, amomum, 𝔐^A− ANT [11.8%] • CT [6.1%]

18:13 oil 𝔐^K 32.8% ¦ wine, oil 𝔐^A,C ANT CT HF PCK RP TR 50% ¦ oil, wine MSS 7.2%

18:13 sheep, cattle 𝔐^K 42.6% ¦ cattle, sheep 𝔐^A,C ANT CT PCK TR 46.7%

T4T 12-13 They sell ornaments made of gold, silver, precious stones, and pearls. They sell expensive cloth made of fine linen and silk, expensive cloth that is dyed purple and crimson. They sell all kinds of rare wood, all kinds of items made of ivory, costly wood, bronze, iron, and marble. They sell cinnamon, spice, perfume, frankincense, wine, olive oil, fine flour, and grain. They sell cattle, sheep, horses, and chariots. They even sell human beings [SYN, DOU] to become slaves.

LEB and cinnamon and amomum[fn] and incense and ointment and frankincense and wine and olive oil and fine wheat flour and wheat and domesticated animals and sheep and horses and carriages and _⌊slaves_⌋[fn] and human lives.

18:13 Or “spice”; the term can refer to “spice” in general, or specifically to amomum, a spice from India

18:13 Literally “bodies”

BBE And sweet-smelling plants, and perfumes, and wine, and oil, and well crushed grain, and cattle and sheep; and horses and carriages and servants; and souls of men.

Moff with cinnamon, balsam, spices, myrrh, frankincense, wines, olive-oil, fine flour and wheat, with cattle, sheep, horses, carriages, slaves, and the souls of men.

Wymth Also cinnamon and amomum; odors to burn as incense or for perfume; frankincense, wine, oil; fine flour, wheat, cattle and sheep; horses and carriages and slaves; and the lives of men.

ASV and cinnamon, and spice, and incense, and ointment, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and cattle, and sheep; and merchandise of horses and chariots and slaves; and souls of men.

DRA And cinnamon, and odours, and ointment, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and slaves, and souls of men.

YLT and cinnamon, and odours, and ointment, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and cattle, and sheep, and of horses, and of chariots, and of bodies and souls of men.

Drby and cinnamon, and amomum, and incense, and unguent, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and cattle, and sheep, and of horses, and of chariots, and of bodies, and souls of men.

RV and cinnamon, and spice, and incense, and ointment, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and cattle, and sheep; and merchandise of horses and chariots and slaves; and souls of men.

SLT And cinnamon, and perfumes, and ointment, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and the finest wheat flour, and wheat, and cattle, and sheep, and of horses, and of chariots, and of bodies, and of souls of men,

Wbstr And cinnamon, and odors, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and slaves, and souls of men.

KJB-1769 And cinnamon, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and slaves, and souls of men.
(And cinnamon, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts/animals, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and slaves, and souls of men. )

KJB-1611 And Cynamome, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, & wine, and oile, and fine floure, and wheat, and beasts, and sheepe, and horses, and chariots, and [fn]slaues, and soules of men.
(And Cynamome, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts/animals, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and slaues, and souls of men.)

18:13 Or, bodies.

Bshps And synamon, and odours, and oyntmentes, and frankensence, and wine, and oyle, and fine floure, and wheate, & beastes, and sheepe, and horses, & charrets, and bodies, and soules of men.
(And synamon, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts/animals, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and bodies, and souls of men.)

Gnva And of cinamon, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oyle, and fine floure, and wheate, and beastes, and sheepe, and horses, and charets, and seruants, and soules of men.
(And of cinamon, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts/animals, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and servants, and souls of men. )

Cvdl & synomom and odours, and oyntmentes, and frankynsence, and wyne, and oyle, and fyne floure, and wheate, and catell, and shepe, and horses, and charrettes, and bodies and soules of men.
(and synomom and odours, and ointments, and frankynsence, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and cattle, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and bodies and souls of men.)

TNT and synamon and odours and oyntmentes and frankynsence and wyne and oyle and fyne floure and wheate bestes and shepe and horsys and charrettes and boddyes and soules of men.
(and synamon and odours and ointments and frankynsence and wine and oil and fine flour and wheat bestes and sheep and horsys and chariots and boddyes and souls of men. )

Wycl and canel, and amonye, and of swete smellinge thingis, and oynementis, and encense, and of wyn, and of oyle, and of flour, and of whete, and of werk beestis, and of scheep, and of horsis, and of cartis, and of seruauntis, and other lyues of men.
(and canel, and amonye, and of sweet smelling things, and ointments, and incense, and of wine, and of oil, and of flour, and of wheat, and of work beasts/animals, and of sheep, and of horses, and of cartis, and of servants, and other lives of men.)

Luth und Zimt und Thymian und Salben und Weihrauch und Wein und Öl und Semmeln und Weizen und Vieh und Schafe und Pferde und Wagen und Leichname und Seelen der Menschen.
(and Zimt and Thymian and ointment and incense and wine and oil and Semmeln and wheat and cattle and sheep and horses and wagon/cart and corpse and souls the/of_the people.)

ClVg et cinnamomum) et odoramentorum, et unguenti, et thuris, et vini, et olei, et similæ, et tritici, et jumentorum, et ovium, et equorum, et rhedarum, et mancipiorum, et animarum hominum.[fn]
(and cinnamomum) and smellamentorum, and ointments, and incenses, and wine, and oil, and flour, and wheat, and of_cattle, and sheep, and of_horses, and rhedarum, and mancipiorum, and of_souls of_men. )

18.13 Cinnamomum. In cinnamomo, odor virtutum quas simulant intelligi debet. Similæ et tritici, id est carne Christi, qua fideles vere satiantur, reprobi irritantur. Mancipiorum et animarum. Distinguit: quia quidam fiunt servi tantum corpore, ut Joseph; quidam etiam animo, ut si Ægyptius venditus Judæo, ritu eorum circumcidatur, vel paganorum idola colat.

18.13 Cinnamomum. In cinnamomo, smell virtues which at_the_same_timeant to_be_understood must. Similæ and wheat, that it_is flesh/meat Christi, which faithful really/truly they_are_satisfied, reprobate irritantur. Mancipiorum and of_souls. Distinguit: because some are_made slaves only body, as Yoseph; some also in_mind, as when/but_if of_Egyptus sellsus Yudaho, ritu their circumcidatur, or paganorum idols colat.

UGNT καὶ κιννάμωμον, καὶ ἄμωμον, καὶ θυμιάματα, καὶ μύρον, καὶ λίβανον, καὶ οἶνον, καὶ ἔλαιον, καὶ σεμίδαλιν, καὶ σῖτον, καὶ κτήνη, καὶ πρόβατα, καὶ ἵππων, καὶ ῥεδῶν, καὶ σωμάτων, καὶ ψυχὰς ἀνθρώπων.
(kai kinnamōmon, kai amōmon, kai thumiamata, kai muron, kai libanon, kai oinon, kai elaion, kai semidalin, kai siton, kai ktaʸnaʸ, kai probata, kai hippōn, kai ɽedōn, kai sōmatōn, kai psuⱪas anthrōpōn.)

SBL-GNT καὶ κιννάμωμον ⸂καὶ ἄμωμον⸃ καὶ θυμιάματα καὶ μύρον καὶ λίβανον καὶ οἶνον καὶ ἔλαιον καὶ σεμίδαλιν καὶ σῖτον καὶ ⸂κτήνη καὶ πρόβατα⸃, καὶ ἵππων καὶ ῥεδῶν καὶ σωμάτων, καὶ ψυχὰς ἀνθρώπων.
(kai kinnamōmon ⸂kai amōmon⸃ kai thumiamata kai muron kai libanon kai oinon kai elaion kai semidalin kai siton kai ⸂ktaʸnaʸ kai probata⸃, kai hippōn kai ɽedōn kai sōmatōn, kai psuⱪas anthrōpōn.)

RP-GNT καὶ κινάμωμον, καὶ θυμιάματα, καὶ μύρον, καὶ λίβανον, καὶ οἶνον, καὶ ἔλαιον, καὶ σεμίδαλιν, καὶ σῖτον, καὶ πρόβατα, καὶ κτήνη· καὶ ἵππων, καὶ ῥαιδῶν, καὶ σωμάτων, καὶ ψυχὰς ἀνθρώπων.
(kai kinamōmon, kai thumiamata, kai muron, kai libanon, kai oinon, kai elaion, kai semidalin, kai siton, kai probata, kai ktaʸnaʸ; kai hippōn, kai ɽaidōn, kai sōmatōn, kai psuⱪas anthrōpōn.)

TC-GNT καὶ [fn]κινναμώμου, καὶ θυμιάματα, καὶ μύρον, καὶ λίβανον, καὶ [fn]ἔλαιον, καὶ σεμίδαλιν, καὶ σῖτον, καὶ [fn]πρόβατα, καὶ κτήνη· καὶ ἵππων, καὶ [fn]ῥαιδῶν, καὶ σωμάτων, καὶ ψυχὰς ἀνθρώπων.
(kai kinnamōmou, kai thumiamata, kai muron, kai libanon, kai elaion, kai semidalin, kai siton, kai probata, kai ktaʸnaʸ; kai hippōn, kai ɽaidōn, kai sōmatōn, kai psuⱪas anthrōpōn. )

18:13 κινναμωμου 𝔐^K+ [20.3%] ¦ κιναμωμου 𝔐^K− [24.5%] ¦ κιναμωμον 𝔐^A+,C HF PCK RP TR [25.5%] ¦ κιναμωμον και αμωμον 𝔐^A− ANT [11.8%] ¦ κινναμωμον και αμωμον CT [6.1%] ¦ κινναμωμον MSS [5.7%] {Note: Hoskier's collation fails to document the manuscripts that support κινναμωμου. The readings of those manuscripts have been confirmed from the images at INTF.}

18:13 ελαιον 𝔐^K 32.8% ¦ οινον και ελαιον 𝔐^A,C ANT CT HF PCK RP TR 50% ¦ ελαιον και οινον MSS 7.2%

18:13 προβατα και κτηνη 𝔐^K 42.6% ¦ κτηνη και προβατα 𝔐^A,C ANT CT PCK TR 46.7%

18:13 ραιδων 𝔐^C,K [50.7%] ¦ ρεδων 𝔐^A ANT CT TR [42.3%]

Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs, red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).

SOTN SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 18:1–24: Announcements/Messages about Babylon

In this section, three heavenly beings each announce something about Babylon. The first announcement is that the city is destroyed. Her riches and prosperity have been taken away.

The second announcement is that God’s people should leave Babylon before God destroys her. It also describes how kings and others mourn over the destroyed city.

The third announcement is that Babylon will never be built again.

Other examples of headings for this section are:

An angel announced that Babylon was destroyed, and some groups are sad

Announcements about the destruction of Babylon

Various people talk about Babylon

18:13a

of cinnamon, spice, incense, myrrh, and frankincense;

cargoes of cinnamon, India spice, incense, myrrh, and frankincense,
No one buys their cinnamon spice, black cardamom spice, sweet smelling incense, sweet smelling myrrh, and sweet smelling frankincense.

cinnamon: This word refers to a spice made from the inner bark of cinnamon trees. In some languages people are not familiar with cinnamon. If that is true in your language, you may want to:

Explain the word in your translation. For example:
spice called cinnamon
cinnamon spice
Use the major language word. If people are not familiar with this word, explain it in a footnote. For example:
Cinnamon is a spice made from the inner bark of cinnamon trees.

spice: The Greek word that the BSB translates as spice refers to the extract from a plant of India called amomum. This is probably the spice that is today called black cardamom.

In some languages people are not familiar with amomum or cardamom. If that is true in your language, you may want to:

Use the major language word. If people are not familiar with this word, explain that it is a spice. For example:
cardamom spice
Use the major language word. If people are not familiar with this word, explain it in a footnote. An example footnote is:
This word refers to a spice which comes from a plant called amomum.

incense: The word incense refers to the dried sap of certain kinds of trees. The dried sap burns slowly to make a sweet-smelling smoke. Incense is often used as a part of worship.

In some languages people are not familiar with incense. If that is true in your language, you may want to:

Explain the word in your translation. For example:
special tree resin/sap called incense burned to give/release a sweet smell
sweet smelling tree resin/sap called incense
Use the major language word. If people are not familiar with this word, explain it in a footnote. For example:
Incense is the dried sap of certain trees. The dried sap burns slowly to make a sweet-smelling smoke. People often burned incense as part of their worship.

See how you translated this word in 5:8.

myrrh: The word myrrh refers to a product from the sap of the myrrh bush. People use it to make a highly valued ointment and perfume.

In some languages people are not familiar with myrrh. If that is true in your language, you may want to:

Explain the word in your translation. For example:
myrrh bush sap made into perfume
sweet smelling bush sap called myrrh
Use the major language word. If people are not familiar with this word, explain it in a footnote. An example footnote is:
Myrrh comes from the sap of the myrrh bush. People use it to make a highly valued ointment and perfume.

frankincense: The word frankincense refers to a product from the sap of several kinds of trees. People dry the sap, grind it into a powder, then burn it to make a good-smelling smoke. It can also be an ingredient in perfume.

In some languages people are not familiar with frankincense. If that is true in your language, you may want to:

Explain the word in your translation. For example:
tree resin/sap burned for a sweet smell called frankincense
sweet/good smelling tree resin/sap called frankincense
Use the major language word. If people are not familiar with this word, explain it in a footnote. An example footnote is:
Frankincense comes from the sap of several kinds of trees. People dry the sap and burn it during worship in order to make a sweet smelling smoke. Or they add it to perfume.

18:13b

of wine, olive oil, fine flour, and wheat;

wine, olive oil, high quality flour, wheat,
No one buys their alcoholic beverages, cooking oil, quality flour, and quality wheat.

wine: Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from the juice of grapes. In some languages people are not familiar with wine. If that is true in your language, you may want to:

Explain it in your translation. For example:
alcoholic beverage of wine
an alcoholic beverage made from grapes, called wine
Use the name of the common alcoholic beverage in your area. You may then want a footnote to explain the literal word. For example:
Literally: “wine.”

See how you translated this word in 14:8 or 17:2.

olive oil: The olive is a small oval fruit. People squeeze the oil out of it. The oil is used as cooking oil and as fuel for lamps.

fine flour: The Greek word here refers to the best quality of flour. For example:

high quality flour

the best flour

wheat: The word wheat refers to a grain plant commonly grown in that part of the world. It was more expensive than barley. Poor people bought barley. So this word implies that the people of Babylon were wealthy.

18:13c

of cattle, sheep, horses, and chariots;

cattle, sheep, horses, carriages/wagons,
No one buys their animals of burden, wool animals, riding animals, four-wheeled vehicles,

cattle: This word refers to large animals that were used for work. They carried loads, pulled plows, and did other hard work for people.

In some languages people are not familiar with cattle. If that is true in your language, you may want to:

Explain the word in your translation. For example:
strong/pulling animals
large farm/pack animals
Use the major language word. If people are not familiar with this word, explain it in a footnote. An example footnote is:
Cattle are large farm animals that can pull heavy loads. People eat their meat and drink their milk.

sheep: The word sheep refers to smaller farm animals. They usually stay in groups. They weigh 40 to 60 kilograms. They eat plants. Here people probably bought sheep for their wool and meat.

In some languages people are not familiar with sheep. If that is true in your language, you may want to:

Explain the word in your translation. For example:
woolly animals called sheep
Use the major language word. If people are not familiar with this word, explain it in a footnote. An example footnote is:
This word refers to a medium-sized farm animal. People use their hair to make cloth and eat their meat.

horses: A horse is a large, four-legged animal that weighs 500 kilograms (1100 pounds) or more. They are about 1.5 meters (5 feet) high at their back. People ride horses.

In some languages people are not familiar with horses. If that is true in your language, you may want to:

Explain the word in your translation. For example:
riding animals called horses
Use the major language word. If people are not familiar with this word, explain it in a footnote. An example footnote is:
A horse is a large animal that a person can ride. The person could direct the horse to go where he wanted.

See how you translated this word in 6:2 or 14:20.

chariots: This word refers to four-wheeled vehicles pulled by horses, like a “carriage.” The wheels were made of wood. The Greek word could refer to:

Vehicles made to carry people comfortably. These chariots or “carriages” (NIV11) had seats and were usually covered to protect the people from rain.
Vehicles made to carry heavy loads.

Use a word or phrase that refers to either one or both meanings.

18:13d

of slaves and souls of men.

slaves, and even human lives. (GNT)
slaves, and the lives of people.

slaves and souls of men: The BSB translates the Greek words literally. There are two interpretation issues. These words can refer to people in general or to slaves. Also, they can refer to one group or two groups. The main interpretations are:

The words refers to two groups of people. The word slaves refers to slaves. The phrase souls of men refers to another group of people. The second group might be prisoners of war. For example:
slaves, and even human lives (GNT) (GNT, NJB, NRSV, NASB, CEV, NET, REB, NCV, KJV)
The words refers to slaves as one group of people. It uses two similar phrases to emphasize the meaning. For example:
slaves, that is, human souls (RSV) (RSV, NLT, NABRE, GW, ESV)

The BSB is ambiguous. It is recommended that you also translate ambiguously, if possible. But if that is not possible, then follow option (1).The Translator’s Handbook (on TW) and the IVP Bible Background Commentary (on TW) say that the two phrases refer to slaves and captives from war. Romans used captives from war in fights to the death in the gladiatorial games. But Beale (page 910) and Aune (page 1002) support interpretation (2).

UTN uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

κιννάμωμον, καὶ ἄμωμον

cinnamon (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καί κιννάμωμον καί ἄμωμον καί θυμιάματα καί μύρον καί λίβανον καί οἶνον καί ἔλαιον καί σεμίδαλιν καί σῖτον καί κτήνη καί πρόβατα καί ἵππων καί ῥεδῶν καί σωμάτων καί ψυχάς ἀνθρώπων)

Since cinnamon is one kind of spice, John means implicitly that cinnamon was one example of the spices that the merchants sold. You can indicate this your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [cinnamon and other spices]

Note 2 topic: translate-unknown

κιννάμωμον, καὶ ἄμωμον

The word cinnamon describes a fragrant spice that people make from the bark of a certain tree. If your readers would not be familiar with what cinnamon is, you could use a general term. Alternate translation: [spice from tree bark and other spices]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

θυμιάματα, καὶ μύρον, καὶ λίβανον

incenses (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καί κιννάμωμον καί ἄμωμον καί θυμιάματα καί μύρον καί λίβανον καί οἶνον καί ἔλαιον καί σεμίδαλιν καί σῖτον καί κτήνη καί πρόβατα καί ἵππων καί ῥεδῶν καί σωμάτων καί ψυχάς ἀνθρώπων)

Since myrrh and frankincense are two kinds of incense, John means implicitly that these are two examples of the incense that the merchants sold. You can indicate this your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [myrrh and frankincense and other kinds of incense]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet

σωμάτων, καὶ ψυχὰς ἀνθρώπων

˱of˲_slaves (Some words not found in SR-GNT: καί κιννάμωμον καί ἄμωμον καί θυμιάματα καί μύρον καί λίβανον καί οἶνον καί ἔλαιον καί σεμίδαλιν καί σῖτον καί κτήνη καί πρόβατα καί ἵππων καί ῥεδῶν καί σωμάτων καί ψυχάς ἀνθρώπων)

In this context, the expressions bodies and souls of men mean the same thing. John is using the two terms together for emphasis. He is first stating how things look on the outside: The bodies of the slaves whom the merchants are trading appear to be just another physical cargo. But John is then stating the real truth: This traffic in slaves is a traffic in human souls. You could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: [slaves, that is, the souls of men]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / gendernotations

ψυχὰς ἀνθρώπων

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: καί κιννάμωμον καί ἄμωμον καί θυμιάματα καί μύρον καί λίβανον καί οἶνον καί ἔλαιον καί σεμίδαλιν καί σῖτον καί κτήνη καί πρόβατα καί ἵππων καί ῥεδῶν καί σωμάτων καί ψυχάς ἀνθρώπων)

Although the term men is masculine, John is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women. Alternate translation: [human souls]

Parallel REV 18:13

Section 18:1–24: Announcements/Messages about Babylon

18:13a

18:13b

18:13c

18:13d