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Mark C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 C16

Mark 5 V1 V3 V5 V7 V9 V11 V13 V15 V17 V19 V21 V23 V25 V27 V29 V31 V33 V35 V37 V39 V41 V43

OET interlinear MARK 5:4

◄ ← MARK 5:4 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. ὅτι
    2. hoti
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 37540
    6. C·······
    7. because
    8. because
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25212
    1. διά
    2. dia
    3. because of
    4. because
    5. 12230
    6. P·······
    7. because_of
    8. because_of
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25213
    1. τό
    2. ho
    3. that
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. R····ANS
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25214
    1. αὐτόν
    2. autos
    3. him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3AMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25215
    1. πολλάκις
    2. pollakis
    3. often
    4. often
    5. 41780
    6. D·······
    7. often
    8. often
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25216
    1. αὐτόν
    2. autos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3AMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25217
    1. δεδεμένον
    2. deō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 12100
    6. VPEP·AMS
    7. ˓having_been˒ bound
    8. ˓having_been˒ bound
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25218
    1. δεδέσθαι
    2. deō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 12100
    6. VNEP····
    7. ˓to_have_been˒ bound
    8. ˓to_have_been˒ bound
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25219
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25220
    1. πέδαις
    2. pedē
    3. with shackles
    4. -
    5. 39760
    6. N····DFP
    7. ˱with˲ shackles
    8. ˱with˲ shackles
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25221
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. but
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25222
    1. ἁλύσεσι
    2. halusis
    3. chains
    4. -
    5. 2540
    6. N····DFP
    7. chains
    8. chains
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25223
    1. ἐν
    2. en
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 17220
    6. P·······
    7. in
    8. in
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25224
    1. αἷς
    2. hos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 37390
    6. R····DFP
    7. which
    8. which
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25225
    1. δεδέσθαι
    2. deō
    3. to have bound
    4. -
    5. 12100
    6. VNEP····
    7. ˓to_have˒ bound
    8. ˓to_have˒ bound
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25226
    1. ἔδησαν
    2. deō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 12100
    6. VIAA3··P
    7. ˱it˲ bound
    8. ˱it˲ bound
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25227
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25228
    1. διεσπάσθαι
    2. diaspaō
    3. to have torn apart
    4. apart
    5. 12880
    6. VNEP····
    7. ˓to_have˒ torn_apart
    8. ˓to_have˒ torn_apart
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25229
    1. διεσπακέναι
    2. diaspaō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 12880
    6. VNEA····
    7. ˓to_have˒ torn_apart
    8. ˓to_have˒ torn_apart
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25230
    1. δέ
    2. de
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25231
    1. ὑπʼ
    2. hupo
    3. by
    4. -
    5. 52590
    6. P·······
    7. by
    8. by
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25232
    1. αὐτοῦ
    2. autos
    3. him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3GMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs; R25182
    11. 25233
    1. τάς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25234
    1. ἁλύσεις
    2. halusis
    3. chains
    4. -
    5. 2540
    6. N····AFP
    7. chains
    8. chains
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25235
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25236
    1. τάς
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····AFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25237
    1. πέδας
    2. pedē
    3. shackles
    4. -
    5. 39760
    6. N····AFP
    7. shackles
    8. shackles
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25238
    1. συντετρῖφθαι
    2. suntribō
    3. to have broken
    4. -
    5. 49370
    6. VNEP····
    7. ˓to_have˒ broken
    8. ˓to_have˒ broken
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25239
    1. συντετρῖφεναι
    2. suntribō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 49370
    6. VNEA····
    7. ˓to_have˒ broken
    8. ˓to_have˒ broken
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25240
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25241
    1. οὐδείς
    2. oudeis
    3. no one
    4. -
    5. 37620
    6. R····NMS
    7. no_one
    8. no_one
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs; F25252
    11. 25242
    1. μηδένα
    2. mēdeis
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 33670
    6. R····AMS
    7. no_one
    8. no_one
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25243
    1. δέ
    2. de
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 11610
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25244
    1. αὐτόν
    2. autos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3AMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25245
    1. ἰσχύν
    2. isχus
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 24790
    6. N····AFS
    7. strength
    8. strength
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25246
    1. ἴσχυεν
    2. isχuō
    3. was able
    4. -
    5. 24800
    6. VIIA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ able
    8. ˓was˒ able
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25247
    1. ἰσχύειν
    2. isχuō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 24800
    6. VNPA····
    7. ˓to_be˒ able
    8. ˓to_be˒ able
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25248
    1. ἴσχυσεν
    2. isχuō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 24800
    6. VIAA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ able
    8. ˓was˒ able
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25249
    1. αὐτόν
    2. autos
    3. him
    4. -
    5. 8460
    6. R···3AMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25250
    1. ἔτι
    2. eti
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 20890
    6. D·······
    7. anymore
    8. anymore
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25251
    1. δαμάσαι
    2. damazō
    3. to tame
    4. -
    5. 11500
    6. VNAA····
    7. ˓to˒ tame
    8. ˓to˒ tame
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs; R25242
    11. 25252
    1. δῆσαι
    2. deō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 12100
    6. VNAA····
    7. ˓to˒ bind
    8. ˓to˒ bind
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 25253

OET (OET-LV) because_of that him often to_have_bound with_shackles and chains, and the chains to_have_torn_apart by him and the shackles to_have_broken, and no_one was_able to_tame him.

OET (OET-RV) because he had often been tied up in the past with shackles and chains but had always pulled the chains apart and smashed the shackles, and no one was able to subdue him.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 5:1–20: Jesus freed a man whom many evil spirits controlled

After the storm, Jesus and his disciples arrived at the northeastern shore of Lake Galilee. This was a region where many Gentiles lived.

When Jesus and his disciples arrived, a man who was controlled by many evil spirits immediately came to Jesus. Jesus commanded the evil spirits to leave the man. When the evil spirits left, they went to control a large herd of pigs and destroyed those pigs.

“Uncleanness” is a theme in this story. The evil spirits that controlled the man were called “unclean” spirits. Tombs were “unclean.” Jews also considered pigs to be “unclean.” Jesus showed his power over evil spirits when he healed the man.

It is good if you translate this section before you decide on a heading for it.

Here are some other possible headings for this section:

Jesus commanded many unclean spirits to leave a man

The deliverance of a man who was controlled by many unclean spirits

There are parallel passages for this section in Matthew 8:28–34 and Luke 8:26–39.

Paragraph 5:1–5

In this paragraph, the action in 5:1–2 is followed by some background information in 5:3–5. In some languages, it may be good to change the order of some of the information in these verses. See the suggestions in the General Comment on 5:2–6 at the end of 5:6b. The action of the story continues in 5:6.

5:4a

Though he was often bound with chains and shackles,

There is a Greek word at the start of 5:4a that indicates that the information in 5:4a explains the statement in 5:3b. Connect 5:4 to 5:3b in a way that is natural for explanations in your language. For example, the ESV says:

for he had often been bound with shackles and chains

Though: The Greek word that the BSB translates as Though is a simple connector that is often translated as “and.” In this context, the word shows a contrast between what 5:4a describes and what 5:4b describes. People wanted and expected the man to remain bound, but instead he broke the chains. In some languages it may be natural to translate the word as but and put it at the start of 5:4b in order to show the contrast. Connect 5:4a to 5:4b in a way that is natural in your language.

he was often bound with chains and shackles: This clause is passive. In some languages it may be more natural to make it active and supply a general subject such as “people.” For example, the NCV says:

Many times people had used chains to tie the man’s hands and feet

bound with chains and shackles: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as bound with chains and shackles is literally “with foot-shackles/irons and chains had been bound.” “Foot-shackles” or “irons” were metal objects that were placed around a person’s ankles to restrain his feet. In this context, “chains” refers to metal chains that were placed on a person’s wrists to restrain his arms.

Here are some other ways to translate this:

bound with fetters and chains (RSV)

bound/fettered his feet and chained his wrists

bound/tied his arms and feet with chains

5:4b

he had broken the chains and shattered the shackles.

he had broken the chains and shattered the shackles: This clause indicates that the man broke apart the chains on his hands and smashed the metal objects on his ankles. Use a vivid and clear way to describe these violent actions. If you use only one word for “chains” on hands and feet in 5:4a, you may need only one verb to describe breaking them here. For example, the NCV says:

4aMany times people had used chains to tie the man’s hands and feet, 4bbut he always broke them off.

5:4c

Now there was no one with the strength to subdue him.

Now there was no one with the strength to subdue him: This statement is similar to the one in 5:3b, which says that no one could bind him any more. The statement here in 5:4c says specifically that no one was strong enough to control the man. The context implies that the unclean spirit in the man gave him abnormal strength.

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

αὐτὸν πολλάκις & δεδέσθαι

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: διά τό αὐτόν πολλάκις πέδαις καί ἁλύσεσι δεδέσθαι καί διεσπάσθαι ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ τάς ἁλύσεις καί τάς πέδας συντετρῖφθαι καί οὐδείς ἴσχυεν αὐτόν δαμάσαι)

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was the people who lived nearby. Alternate translation: [the people who lived there had often bound him]

Note 2 topic: translate-unknown

πέδαις & τὰς πέδας

˱with˲_shackles & (Some words not found in SR-GNT: διά τό αὐτόν πολλάκις πέδαις καί ἁλύσεσι δεδέσθαι καί διεσπάσθαι ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ τάς ἁλύσεις καί τάς πέδας συντετρῖφθαι καί οὐδείς ἴσχυεν αὐτόν δαμάσαι)

The word shackles refers to pieces of metal that are fastened around the ankles of prisoners. These pieces of metal are connected together by ropes or chains, which prevent the prisoners from moving quickly or far. If your readers would not be familiar with shackles, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: [with leg irons … the leg irons] or [with strong restraints … the restraints]

Note 3 topic: translate-unknown

ἁλύσεσι & τὰς ἁλύσεις

chains & (Some words not found in SR-GNT: διά τό αὐτόν πολλάκις πέδαις καί ἁλύσεσι δεδέσθαι καί διεσπάσθαι ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ τάς ἁλύσεις καί τάς πέδας συντετρῖφθαι καί οὐδείς ἴσχυεν αὐτόν δαμάσαι)

See how you translated the word chains in [5:3](../05/03.md). Alternate translation: [metal links connected together … the metal links]

Note 4 topic: grammar-connect-words-phrases

(Occurrence 2) καὶ

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: διά τό αὐτόν πολλάκις πέδαις καί ἁλύσεσι δεδέσθαι καί διεσπάσθαι ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ τάς ἁλύσεις καί τάς πέδας συντετρῖφθαι καί οὐδείς ἴσχυεν αὐτόν δαμάσαι)

Here, the word and introduces what the demon-possessed man did in contrast to what the people who tied him up wanted him to do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces this kind of contrast. Alternate translation: [but]

Note 5 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

διεσπάσθαι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ τὰς ἁλύσεις καὶ τὰς πέδας συντετρῖφθαι

˓to_have˒_torn_apart by him (Some words not found in SR-GNT: διά τό αὐτόν πολλάκις πέδαις καί ἁλύσεσι δεδέσθαι καί διεσπάσθαι ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ τάς ἁλύσεις καί τάς πέδας συντετρῖφθαι καί οὐδείς ἴσχυεν αὐτόν δαμάσαι)

If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [he had torn apart the chains and had shattered the shackles]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. because of
    2. because
    3. 12230
    5. dia
    6. P-·······
    7. because_of
    8. because_of
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25213
    1. that
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····ANS
    7. that
    8. that
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25214
    1. him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3AMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25215
    1. often
    2. often
    3. 41780
    5. pollakis
    6. D-·······
    7. often
    8. often
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25216
    1. to have bound
    2. -
    3. 12100
    5. deō
    6. V-NEP····
    7. ˓to_have˒ bound
    8. ˓to_have˒ bound
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25226
    1. with shackles
    2. -
    3. 39760
    5. pedē
    6. N-····DFP
    7. ˱with˲ shackles
    8. ˱with˲ shackles
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25221
    1. and
    2. but
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25222
    1. chains
    2. -
    3. 2540
    5. halusis
    6. N-····DFP
    7. chains
    8. chains
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25223
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25228
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25234
    1. chains
    2. -
    3. 2540
    5. halusis
    6. N-····AFP
    7. chains
    8. chains
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25235
    1. to have torn apart
    2. apart
    3. 12880
    5. diaspaō
    6. V-NEP····
    7. ˓to_have˒ torn_apart
    8. ˓to_have˒ torn_apart
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25229
    1. by
    2. -
    3. 52590
    5. hupo
    6. P-·······
    7. by
    8. by
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25232
    1. him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3GMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs; R25182
    11. 25233
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25236
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····AFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25237
    1. shackles
    2. -
    3. 39760
    5. pedē
    6. N-····AFP
    7. shackles
    8. shackles
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25238
    1. to have broken
    2. -
    3. 49370
    5. suntribō
    6. V-NEP····
    7. ˓to_have˒ broken
    8. ˓to_have˒ broken
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25239
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25241
    1. no one
    2. -
    3. 37620
    5. oudeis
    6. R-····NMS
    7. no_one
    8. no_one
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs; F25252
    11. 25242
    1. was able
    2. -
    3. 24800
    5. isχuō
    6. V-IIA3··S
    7. ˓was˒ able
    8. ˓was˒ able
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25247
    1. to tame
    2. -
    3. 11500
    5. damazō
    6. V-NAA····
    7. ˓to˒ tame
    8. ˓to˒ tame
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs; R25242
    11. 25252
    1. him
    2. -
    3. 8460
    5. autos
    6. R-···3AMS
    7. him
    8. him
    9. -
    10. Y31; TGadarene_Demoniacs
    11. 25250

OET (OET-LV) because_of that him often to_have_bound with_shackles and chains, and the chains to_have_torn_apart by him and the shackles to_have_broken, and no_one was_able to_tame him.

OET (OET-RV) because he had often been tied up in the past with shackles and chains but had always pulled the chains apart and smashed the shackles, and no one was able to subdue him.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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