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Rev 11 V1 V2 V3 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11 V12 V13 V14 V15 V16 V17 V18 V19

OET interlinear REV 11:4

◄ ← REV 11:4 ↓ → ► ║ ©

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

    1. Greek word
    2. Greek lemma
    3. OET-LV words
    4. OET-RV words
    5. Strongs
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. Οὗτοι
    2. houtos
    3. These
    4. -
    5. 37780
    6. R····NMP
    7. these
    8. these
    9. PS
    10. Y96
    11. 160383
    1. εἰσίν
    2. eimi
    3. are
    4. -
    5. 15100
    6. VIPA3··P
    7. are
    8. are
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160384
    1. αἱ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160385
    1. οἱ
    2. ho
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NMP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 160386
    1. δύο
    2. duo
    3. two
    4. -
    5. 14170
    6. E····NFP
    7. two
    8. two
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160387
    1. ἐλαῖαι
    2. elaia
    3. olive trees
    4. olive trees
    5. 16360
    6. N····NFP
    7. olive_trees
    8. olive_trees
    9. -
    10. Y96; F160402
    11. 160388
    1. αὐλαῖαι
    2. aulaia
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 8315
    6. N····NFP
    7. curtains
    8. curtains
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 160389
    1. καί
    2. kai
    3. and
    4. -
    5. 25320
    6. C·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160390
    1. αἱ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····NFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160391
    1. δύο
    2. duo
    3. two
    4. -
    5. 14170
    6. E····NFP
    7. two
    8. two
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160392
    1. λυχνίαι
    2. luχnia
    3. lampstands
    4. lampstands
    5. 30870
    6. N····NFP
    7. lampstands
    8. lampstands
    9. -
    10. Y96; F160402
    11. 160393
    1. αἱ
    2. ho
    3. which
    4. that
    5. 35880
    6. R····NFP
    7. ¬which
    8. ¬which
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160394
    1. ἐνώπιον
    2. enōpion
    3. before
    4. before
    5. 17990
    6. P·······
    7. before
    8. before
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160395
    1. τοῦ
    2. ho
    3. the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160396
    1. Κυρίου
    2. kurios
    3. master
    4. master
    5. 29620
    6. N····GMS
    7. master
    8. Lord
    9. GN
    10. Y96
    11. 160397
    1. Θεοῦ
    2. theos
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 23160
    6. N····GMS
    7. god
    8. God
    9. GN
    10. Person=God
    11. 160398
    1. τῆς
    2. ho
    3. of the
    4. -
    5. 35880
    6. E····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160399
    1. γῆς
    2. gē
    3. earth
    4. earth
    5. 10930
    6. N····GFS
    7. earth
    8. earth
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160400
    1. ἑστῶσαι
    2. istaō
    3. -
    4. -
    5. 24760
    6. VPEA·NFP
    7. ˓having˒ stood
    8. ˓having˒ stood
    9. -
    10. -
    11. 160401
    1. ἑστῶτες
    2. istaō
    3. having stood
    4. -
    5. 24760
    6. VPEA·NMP
    7. ˓having˒ stood
    8. ˓having˒ stood
    9. -
    10. Y96; R160388; R160393
    11. 160402

OET (OET-LV) These are the two olive_trees and the two lampstands, which before the master of_the earth having_stood.

OET (OET-RV) Those are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the master of the earth.

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 11:1–14: The two witnesses

In this section, John saw a new part of this vision. He saw the temple in Jerusalem. Ungodly people controlled the outermost courtyard of the temple.

Then he saw two men who testified about God and Jesus. They were killed, but God caused them to live again and took them to heaven. At that time God caused an earthquake in which seven thousand people died. The rest of the people in Jerusalem then honored God.

Other examples of headings for this section are:

God’s two witnesses

Two men told/testified about God and Jesus in Jerusalem

11:4–10

There are two ways to interpret who spoke these verses:

  1. They are not part of the quotation that began in 11:1. The speaker stopped speaking to John at the end of 11:3. For example:

    3And I will grant my two witnesses power to prophesy for one thousand two hundred and sixty days, clothed in sackcloth.”

    4These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands which stand before the Lord of the earth.… (RSV) (BSB, RSV, NIV, GNT, NASB, NABRE, NLT, GW, CEV, REB, NCV, ESV)

  2. They are part of the quotation. The speaker continues speaking until the end of 11:10. For example:

    3But I shall send my two witnesses to prophesy for twelve hundred and sixty days, wearing sackcloth. 4These are the two olive trees and the two lamps in attendance on the Lord of the world.…10and the people of the world are glad about it and celebrate the event by giving presents to each other, because these two prophets have been a plague to the people of the world.’ (NJB) (NJB, NET)

It is recommended that you follow interpretation (1).Aune (page 577), Osbourne (page 419), Kistemaker (page 321), and Smalley (page 276) support interpretation (1).

11:4a–b

These witnesses are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the Lord of the earth: This clause describes the two witnesses using the symbols of two olive trees and two lampstands. It refers back to the prophecy in Zechariah 4:1–14.

In some languages a literal translation would not have the correct meaning. If that is true in your language, you may want to:

11:4a

These witnesses are the two olive trees and the two lampstands

olive trees: Olive trees have small round fruit. People squeeze the fruit and collect the oil. This oil is used in cooking and as fuel for lamps.

the two lampstands: A lampstand is a 1–2 meter (3–6 feet) tall stand. It has a place for a lamp on top. Here it is implied that lamps are on the lampstands. There were many kinds and styles of lampstand. The kind and style of lampstand is not important here.

A lamp in Jesus’ time was a small clay or metal container that people put oil in. The lamp was shaped to hold a wick on one side. The exact kind of lamp is not important here. So you should use a word that refers generally to this kind of lamp or light producing device.

See how you translated the word lampstands in 1:12 or 2:5.

11:4b

that stand before the Lord of the earth.

that stand before the Lord of the earth: This phrase refers to both the olive trees and the lampstands.

stand: Here the word stand indicates that the trees and lampstands are in the presence of the Lord of the earth.

the Lord of the earth: There is a textual issue in 11:4b: (1) The earliest Greek manuscripts have the phrase the Lord of the earth (BSB, RSV, NIV, GNT, NJB, NASB, NLT, GW, CEV, NET, NABRE, REB, ESV, NCV). (2) Some later Greek manuscripts have the phrase the God of the earth (KJV only). It is recommended that you follow option (1), because the UBS Greek NT supports it. This phrase indicates that the Lord God rules over all that happens in the world. For example:

the Lord who rules the earth (CEV)

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: writing-symlanguage

οὗτοί εἰσιν αἱ δύο ἐλαῖαι καὶ αἱ δύο λυχνίαι, αἱ ἐνώπιον τοῦ Κυρίου τῆς γῆς ἑστῶτες

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οὗτοι εἰσίν αἱ δύο ἐλαῖαι καί αἱ δύο λυχνίαι αἱ ἐνώπιον τοῦ Κυρίου τῆς γῆς ἑστῶτες)

The two olive trees and the two lampstands symbolize these witnesses, but they are not literally the witnesses. Alternate translation: [The two olive trees and the two lampstands that stood before the Lord of the earth represent these witnesses]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

οὗτοί εἰσιν αἱ δύο ἐλαῖαι καὶ αἱ δύο λυχνίαι, αἱ ἐνώπιον τοῦ Κυρίου τῆς γῆς ἑστῶτες

(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Οὗτοι εἰσίν αἱ δύο ἐλαῖαι καί αἱ δύο λυχνίαι αἱ ἐνώπιον τοῦ Κυρίου τῆς γῆς ἑστῶτες)

John assumes that his readers will understand that he is alluding to the vision had by the prophet Zechariah, who saw two olive trees and two lampstands in [Zechariah 4:2–6](../zec/04/02.md). In that vision, the trees and lampstands represented the governor, Zerubbabel, and the high priest, Joshua, who led the rebuilding of the temple despite opposition. In the same way, the two witnesses in John’s vision will faithfully call people to obey God despite opposition. You could indicate that explicitly in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [These two witnesses will serve God faithfully despite opposition just as Zerubbabel and Joshua did, whom the prophet Zechariah saw depicted as two olive trees and two lampstands in a vision that God gave him]

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor

αἱ ἐνώπιον & ἑστῶτες

the the ¬which before & ˓having˒_stood

In this context, the phrase stand before means to stay in the presence of another person in order to serve them whenever needed. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [who faithfully serve]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

    1. OET-LV words
    2. OET-RV words
    3. Strongs
    4. Greek word
    5. Greek lemma
    6. Role/Morphology
    7. OET Gloss
    8. VLT Gloss
    9. CAPS codes
    10. Confidence
    11. OET tags
    12. OET word #
    1. These
    2. -
    3. 37780
    4. PS
    5. houtos
    6. R-····NMP
    7. these
    8. these
    9. PS
    10. Y96
    11. 160383
    1. are
    2. -
    3. 15100
    5. eimi
    6. V-IPA3··P
    7. are
    8. are
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160384
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160385
    1. two
    2. -
    3. 14170
    5. duo
    6. E-····NFP
    7. two
    8. two
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160387
    1. olive trees
    2. olive trees
    3. 16360
    5. elaia
    6. N-····NFP
    7. olive_trees
    8. olive_trees
    9. -
    10. Y96; F160402
    11. 160388
    1. and
    2. -
    3. 25320
    5. kai
    6. C-·······
    7. and
    8. and
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160390
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····NFP
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160391
    1. two
    2. -
    3. 14170
    5. duo
    6. E-····NFP
    7. two
    8. two
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160392
    1. lampstands
    2. lampstands
    3. 30870
    5. luχnia
    6. N-····NFP
    7. lampstands
    8. lampstands
    9. -
    10. Y96; F160402
    11. 160393
    1. which
    2. that
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. R-····NFP
    7. ¬which
    8. ¬which
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160394
    1. before
    2. before
    3. 17990
    5. enōpion
    6. P-·······
    7. before
    8. before
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160395
    1. the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GMS
    7. the
    8. the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160396
    1. master
    2. master
    3. 29620
    4. GN
    5. kurios
    6. N-····GMS
    7. master
    8. Lord
    9. GN
    10. Y96
    11. 160397
    1. of the
    2. -
    3. 35880
    5. ho
    6. E-····GFS
    7. ˱of˲ the
    8. ˱of˲ the
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160399
    1. earth
    2. earth
    3. 10930
    5. gē
    6. N-····GFS
    7. earth
    8. earth
    9. -
    10. Y96
    11. 160400
    1. having stood
    2. -
    3. 24760
    5. istaō
    6. V-PEA·NMP
    7. ˓having˒ stood
    8. ˓having˒ stood
    9. -
    10. Y96; R160388; R160393
    11. 160402

OET (OET-LV) These are the two olive_trees and the two lampstands, which before the master of_the earth having_stood.

OET (OET-RV) Those are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that stand before the master of the earth.

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

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◄ ← REV 11:4 ↑ → ► ║ ©