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OET (OET-LV) And the rest of_the people, who not were_killed_off by the plagues these, not_even they_repented of the works of_the hands of_them, in_order_that not they_will_be_prostrating before_the demons, and the idols the golden, and the silver, and the bronze, and the stone, and the wooden, which neither to_be_seeing are_being_able, nor to_be_hearing, nor to_be_walking.
OET (OET-RV) However, the rest of humankind that hadn’t been killed by those plagues, didn’t repent of their actions and didn’t stop worshipping demons and idols made of gold and silver and bronze and stone and wood—idols that can’t see, can’t hear, and can’t walk.
In this section, the blowing of each trumpet signaled a disaster. God would send these disasters upon the people of the earth. Some of the disasters were hail, fire, and poisoned water.
Other examples of headings for this section are:
The Seven Angels and Trumpets (NCV)
The Seven Trumpets (NRSV)
Now the rest of mankind who were not killed by these plagues
¶ The rest of mankind, whom these disasters did not kill,
¶ The rest of the people survived these catastrophes
who were not killed by these plagues: This clause is passive. Some languages must use an active clause. For example:
whom these plagues did not kill
who survived these plagues (REB)
plagues: This word refers to disasters that harm a lot of people. Here it refers to the fire, smoke, and sulfur. See how you translated this word in 6:8 or 9:18.
still did not repent of the works of their hands.
did not repent at all of the evil things that they had done,
but refused to turn away from their evil deeds.
still did not repent: The word still indicates that even after seeing all those terrible plagues, the people did not repent. For example:
still refused to repent (NLT)
still did not renounce (REB)
repent: This word refers to changing one’s mind and actions. The people did not stop sinning. They did not begin to obey God. Some other examples are:
turn away from their sin
change their hearts/ways
leave the sinful/evil ways
See how you translated this word in 2:5 or 3:3.
the works of their hands: This is an idiom that refers to what people do. Here it is implied that the people did evil things. See 9:20c–21b for what these works are. Other ways to translate this phrase are:
their evil deeds (NLT)
the evil things that they had been doing
They did not stop worshiping demons
for example, they did not stop worshiping/venerating demons,
For example, they did not stop revering demons,
The Greek begins with the word “that.” It indicates that 9:20c–d is a list of “the work of their hands.” Other ways to translate this word are:
that is, they did not…
namely, they did not…
For they did not…
The BSB, GNT, and NCV begin a new sentence here. They allow the context to imply that 9:20c–d are examples.
worshiping: This word refers to honoring someone or something as sacred/divine. Other ways to translate this word are:
venerating
revering
See how you translated this word in 4:10 or 5:14.
demons: This word refers to evil spirit beings. These demons are not spirits of dead people.
and idols of gold, silver, bronze, stone, and wood,
nor gold, silver, bronze, stone, or wood idols,
and they did not stop revering idols made of gold, silver, bronze, stone, or wood.
idols of gold, silver, bronze, stone, and wood: Some idols were made of gold, some idols were made of silver, some idols were made of bronze, some idols were made of stone, and some idols were made of wood. Some idols may have been made with more than one of these materials. But this phrase does not indicate that each idol was made from all these materials.
idols: This word refers to images or statues that people worship or revere as representing a god.
gold: The word gold refers to a rare metal of a somewhat yellow color. It was the most expensive metal at that time. It is naturally shiny and beautiful. See how you translated this word in 1:12 or 9:7.
silver: The word silver also refers to a precious metal, though it is not as rare and expensive as gold. But it is still somewhat expensive. When polished it was used as a mirror. It was used in coins and decorations.
Some languages do not have a word for silver. If that is true in your language, you should use the major language word. If people are not familiar with this word, you may want to explain it in a footnote. An example footnote is:
Silver is also a precious metal, though it is not as rare and expensive as gold. When polished it was used as a mirror. It was used in coins and decorations.
bronze: This word refers to a metal made from a mixture of copper and tin. The Greek word also refers to pure copper or brass. (Brass is a mixture of copper and zinc.) The metal called bronze is a yellowish-brown color. Copper is a reddish-brown metal color. Some kinds of coins are made of bronze or copper. (The other common color of coins is silver-colored.)
In some languages people are not familiar with bronze, copper, or brass. If that is true in your language, you may want to:
Explain the word in your translation. For example:
brown/tan metal called bronze
reddish brown metal called copper
Use a descriptive phrase. For example:
brown/tan metal
reddish brown metal
Use the major language word.
See how you translated this word in 1:15.
which cannot see or hear or walk.
which cannot either see or hear or walk. (RSV)
Their idols are only things that cannot see or hear or walk!
which cannot see or hear or walk: These images or statues cannot see or hear or walk. Therefore, they are unable to help those who worship them. For example:
which cannot either see or hear or walk (RSV)
things that cannot see or hear or walk (NCV)
The NCV uses the word “things,” which implies that the idols are not alive.
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive
οἳ οὐκ ἀπεκτάνθησαν ἐν ταῖς πληγαῖς ταύταις
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί οἱ λοιποί τῶν ἀνθρώπων οἵ οὐκ ἀπεκτάνθησαν ἐν ταῖς πληγαῖς ταύταις οὐδέ μετενόησαν ἐκ τῶν ἔργων τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν ἵνα μή προσκυνήσουσιν τά δαιμόνια καί τά εἴδωλα τά χρυσᾶ καί τά ἀργυρᾶ καί τά χαλκᾶ καί τά λίθινα καί τά ξύλινα ἅ οὔτε βλέπειν δύνανται οὔτε ἀκούειν οὔτε περιπατεῖν)
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: [the ones whom these plagues did not kill]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / synecdoche
ἐκ τῶν ἔργων τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν
of the works ˱of˲_the hands ˱of˲_them
John is using one part of these people, their hands, to represent all of each person in the act of doing works. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: [of the works they were doing]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / doublet
ἃ οὔτε βλέπειν δύνανται, οὔτε ἀκούειν, οὔτε περιπατεῖν
(Some words not found in SR-GNT: Καί οἱ λοιποί τῶν ἀνθρώπων οἵ οὐκ ἀπεκτάνθησαν ἐν ταῖς πληγαῖς ταύταις οὐδέ μετενόησαν ἐκ τῶν ἔργων τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν ἵνα μή προσκυνήσουσιν τά δαιμόνια καί τά εἴδωλα τά χρυσᾶ καί τά ἀργυρᾶ καί τά χαλκᾶ καί τά λίθινα καί τά ξύλινα ἅ οὔτε βλέπειν δύνανται οὔτε ἀκούειν οὔτε περιπατεῖν)
The terms see and hear and walk all describe things that living beings are able to do. John is using the three terms together to emphasize that idols are not alive and cannot do anything for those who worship them. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: [which are not alive at all]
OET (OET-LV) And the rest of_the people, who not were_killed_off by the plagues these, not_even they_repented of the works of_the hands of_them, in_order_that not they_will_be_prostrating before_the demons, and the idols the golden, and the silver, and the bronze, and the stone, and the wooden, which neither to_be_seeing are_being_able, nor to_be_hearing, nor to_be_walking.
OET (OET-RV) However, the rest of humankind that hadn’t been killed by those plagues, didn’t repent of their actions and didn’t stop worshipping demons and idols made of gold and silver and bronze and stone and wood—idols that can’t see, can’t hear, and can’t walk.
Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.
Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.
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