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Text critical issues=small word differences Clarity of original=clear Importance to us=normal (All still tentative.)
OET (OET-RV) So get rid of all bitterness, and rage and severe anger, uproars and slander, and any kind of malice.![]()
OET-LV All bitterness, and rage, and severe_anger, and clamour, and slander, let_be_taken_away from you_all with all malice.
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SR-GNT Πᾶσα πικρία, καὶ θυμὸς, καὶ ὀργὴ, καὶ κραυγὴ, καὶ βλασφημία, ἀρθήτω ἀφʼ ὑμῶν σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ. ‡
(Pasa pikria, kai thumos, kai orgaʸ, kai kraugaʸ, kai blasfaʸmia, arthaʸtō afʼ humōn sun pasaʸ kakia.)
Key: khaki:verbs, light-green:nominative/subject, pink:genitive/possessor, cyan:dative/indirect object.
Note: Automatic aligning of the OET-RV to the LV is done by some temporary software, hence the RV alignments are incomplete (and may occasionally be wrong).
ULT Let all bitterness, and rage, and anger, and quarreling, and insults be removed from yourselves, along with all malice.
UST Do your best to completely stop behaving in these ways: Do not be resentful or furious toward others or even become angry with others. Do not shout abusively at others or slander others. Never act maliciously in any way.
BSB Get rid of all bitterness, rage and anger, outcry and slander, along with every form of malice.
MSB (Same as BSB above)
BLB Let all bitterness, and rage, and anger, and clamor, and slander, be removed from you, along with all malice.
AICNT Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor[fn] and slander be put away from you, along with all malice.
4:31, clamor: Meaning a loud cry or shout. In this verse, people shouting back and forth in a quarrel. (BDAG, κραυγή)
OEB Let all bitterness, passion, anger, brawling, and abusive language be banished from among you, as well as all malice.
WEBBE Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, outcry, and slander be put away from you, with all malice.
WMBB (Same as above)
NET You must put away every kind of bitterness, anger, wrath, quarreling, and evil, slanderous talk.
LSV Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and slander, be put away from you, with all malice,
FBV Get rid of every kind of bitterness, rage, anger, verbal abuse, and insults, along with all forms of evil.
TCNT Put away all bitterness, wrath, anger, outbursts, and slander, together with all malice.
T4T Do not be resentful at all towards others. Do not become angry in any way. Never shout abusively at others. Never ◄slander/say bad things about► others. Never act maliciously/be mean in any way.
LEB All bitterness, and rage, and wrath, and clamor, and abusive speech, must be removed from you, together with all wickedness.
BBE Let all bitter, sharp and angry feeling, and noise, and evil words, be put away from you, with all unkind acts;
Moff Drop all bitter feeling and passion and anger and clamouring and insults, together with all malice;
Wymth Let all bitterness and all passionate feeling, all anger and loud insulting language, be unknown among you—and also every kind of malice.
ASV Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and railing, be put away from you, with all malice:
DRA Let all bitterness, and anger, and indignation, and clamour, and blasphemy, be put away from you, with all malice.
YLT Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil-speaking, be put away from you, with all malice,
Drby Let all bitterness, and heat of passion, and wrath, and clamour, and injurious language, be removed from you, with all malice;
RV Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and railing, be put away from you, with all malice:
SLT Let all harshness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and slander, be put away from you, with all badness:
Wbstr Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamor, and evil-speaking, be put away from you, with all malice:
KJB-1769 Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all malice:
KJB-1611 Let all bitternes, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and euill speaking, be put away from you, with all malice,
(Modernised spelling is same as from KJB-1769 above, apart from punctuation)
Bshps Let all bytternesse, and fiercenesse, & wrath, and crying, and euyll speakyng, be put away from you, with all maliciousnesse.
(Let all bitterness, and fierceness, and wrath, and crying, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all maliciousness.)
Gnva Let all bitternesse, and anger, and wrath, crying, and euill speaking be put away from you, with all maliciousnesse.
(Let all bitterness, and anger, and wrath, crying, and evil speaking be put away from you, with all maliciousness. )
Cvdl Let all bytternes, and fearsnes, and wrath, and roaringe, & cursed speakynge be farre fro you with all maliciousnes.
(Let all bitternes, and fearsnes, and wrath, and roaring, and cursed speaking be far from you with all maliciousnes.)
TNT Let all bitternes fearsnes and wrath rorynge and cursyd speakynge be put awaye from you with all maliciousnes.
(Let all bitterness fearsnes and wrath roring and cursyd speaking be put away from you with all maliciousnes. )
Wycl Al bitternesse, and wraththe, and indignacioun, and cry, and blasfemye be takun awey fro you, with al malice;
(All bitterness, and wrath, and indignation, and cry, and blasphemy be taken away from you, with all malice;)
Luth Alle Bitterkeit und Grimm und Zorn und Geschrei und Lästerung sei ferne von euch samt aller Bosheit.
(All bitteress and wrath/fury and anger and shouting(n) and blasphemy be distant from you together_with all wickedness/malice.)
ClVg Omnis amaritudo, et ira, et indignatio, et clamor, et blasphemia tollatur a vobis cum omni malitia.[fn]
(Everyone bitterness, and anger/rage, and indignatio, and clamor, and blasphemy be_removed from to_you(pl) when/with all malice/vice. )
4.31 Omnis amaritudo. Hæc etiamsi fiant accedentibus causis, tamen temperanda sunt. Blasphemia. Blasphemia est per quam de ipso Deo falsa dicuntur. Et ideo pejus est blasphemare quam pejerare, quia pejerando falsæ rei adhibetur testis Deus; blasphemando autem de ipso Deo falsa dicuntur.
4.31 Everyone bitterness. This even_if/although be_done accedentibus reasons, nevertheless temperanda are. Blasphemia. Blasphemia it_is through how from/about himself to_God false are_said. And therefore/for_that_reason worse it_is blasphemare how peyerare, because peyerando falsæ of_the_thing adhibetur testis God; blasphemando however from/about himself to_God false are_said.
UGNT πᾶσα πικρία, καὶ θυμὸς, καὶ ὀργὴ, καὶ κραυγὴ, καὶ βλασφημία, ἀρθήτω ἀφ’ ὑμῶν σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ.
(pasa pikria, kai thumos, kai orgaʸ, kai kraugaʸ, kai blasfaʸmia, arthaʸtō af’ humōn sun pasaʸ kakia.)
SBL-GNT πᾶσα πικρία καὶ θυμὸς καὶ ὀργὴ καὶ κραυγὴ καὶ βλασφημία ἀρθήτω ἀφʼ ὑμῶν σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ.
(pasa pikria kai thumos kai orgaʸ kai kraugaʸ kai blasfaʸmia arthaʸtō afʼ humōn sun pasaʸ kakia.)
RP-GNT Πᾶσα πικρία καὶ θυμὸς καὶ ὀργὴ καὶ κραυγὴ καὶ βλασφημία ἀρθήτω ἀφ' ὑμῶν, σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ·
(Pasa pikria kai thumos kai orgaʸ kai kraugaʸ kai blasfaʸmia arthaʸtō af' humōn, sun pasaʸ kakia;)
TC-GNT Πᾶσα πικρία καὶ θυμὸς καὶ ὀργὴ καὶ κραυγὴ καὶ βλασφημία ἀρθήτω ἀφ᾽ ὑμῶν, σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ·
(Pasa pikria kai thumos kai orgaʸ kai kraugaʸ kai blasfaʸmia arthaʸtō af humōn, sun pasaʸ kakia; )
Key for above GNTs: yellow:punctuation differs, orange:accents differ, red:words differ (from our SR-GNT base).
Paul urged the Christians to stop doing the evil deeds that they used to do before they knew God. He urged them to start doing the good things that people who know Christ should do. He gave examples of old (former) behavior that they must stop doing, for example: lying, theft, anger and slander. Instead they must be kind, tender and forgiving.
Here are some other examples for a heading for this section:
Live as God’s people (GW)
The old life and the new life (CEV)
Don’t live as pagans but as God’s people
In this paragraph, Paul gave additional commands about proper Christian behavior for the Ephesians. He lists speaking words that encourage others, being careful not to grieve the Holy Spirit, getting rid of bad behavior, and being kind to others and forgiving others.
Get rid of all
Remove from your hearts all
You must completely stop
Do not let any
Get rid of all: The Greek phrase that the BSB translates as Get rid of all is literally “Let all (bitterness, rage, anger) be removed from you.” This is a passive. The BSB and some other translations have changed the passive form to an active form. This active form is a strong way of saying, “Eliminate all…” or “Stop being [bitter, angry…].”
This is a figure of speech similar to “put off” in 4:22a. It is as if the sins of bitterness and anger are physical objects that we can throw away.
Translate this command in a way that is natural in your language. The first two meaning lines of the Display are examples with an active form. The third meaning line is an example of a passive form.
bitterness, rage and anger,
bitter thoughts, rage, anger,
being bitter/resentful towards other people. Stop being angry and mean.
bitterness, rage, anger,
bitterness: The Greek word that the BSB translates as bitterness means feeling resentful or hatred toward someone or something that happened.
Here are some other ways to translate this word:
resentment
very bad feelings against others
hatred
rage and anger: The Greek words the BSB translates as rage and anger are very similar. The word translated as rage refers to a loud outburst of anger. The word translated as anger refers to an inward angry feeling.
Here are some ways to translate these words:
bad temper or anger (NJB)
hot tempers, anger (GW)
angry and mad (CEV)
intense feeling of anger or wrath
outcry and slander,
loud disputing, insulting
Stop quarrelling with people. Do not insult them.
harsh words, and slander,
outcry: The Greek word that the BSB translates as outcry refers to a loud shout of grief or anger.
Here are some other ways to translate this word:
loud quarrelling (GW)
harsh words (NLT)
loud disputes
slander: The word slander refers to insults, or saying untrue things about people.
Here are some other ways to translate this word:
insults (GNT)
cursing (GW)
along with every form of malice.
and all kinds of evil behaviour.
Do not do any hateful thing at all.
as well as all types of evil behavior.
along with every form of malice: The Greek word that the BSB translates as malice is a general word covering all kinds of evil or hateful behavior. Some other ways this phrase has been translated include:
all types of evil behavior (NLT)
hateful feelings of any sort (GNT)
Think about idioms or natural ways to describe these kinds of behavior in your language. For example, “bitterness” may be “having a small liver,” “rage and anger” may be “Do not be angry and have bones in your heart” or “do not let your intestines be all knotted up.”
Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / metaphor
ἀρθήτω
˓let_be˒_taken_away
Paul finishes his instructions on what believers should not do and ends with what they must do. Paul speaks of attitudes and behaviors as though they were physical objects that can be removed. Alternate translation: [you must not allow … to be part of your life]
Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns
πικρία, καὶ θυμὸς, καὶ ὀργὴ
bitterness (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Πάσα πικρία καί θυμός καί ὀργή καί κραυγή καί βλασφημία ἀρθήτω ἀφʼ ὑμῶν σύν πάσῃ κακίᾳ)
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the words bitterness, rage, and anger, you could express the same ideas as adjectives. Alternate translation: [being bitter, and intensely angry, and angry]
Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns
κακίᾳ
malice
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word malice, you could express the same idea as an adjective. Alternate translation: [being malicious]