YHN 12:31 Interlinear View

1. Greek word
2. Greek lemma
3. OET-LV words
4. OET-RV words
5. Strongs
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Νῦν
2. nun
3. Now
4. -
5. 35680
6. D·······
7. now
8. now
9. S
10. Y33
11. 74406
1. κρίσις
2. krisis
3. +the judgement
4. judged
5. 29200
6. N····NFS
7. ˓the˒ judgement
8. ˓the˒ judgment
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74407
1. ἐστίν
2. eimi
3. is
4. -
5. 15100
6. VIPA3··S
7. is
8. is
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74408
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74409
1. κόσμου
2. kosmos
3. of world
4. -
5. 28890
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ world
8. ˱of˲ world
9. -
10. Y33; F74417
11. 74410
1. τούτου
2. houtos
3. this
4. -
5. 37780
6. E····GMS
7. this
8. this
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74411
1. νῦν
2. nun
3. now
4. -
5. 35680
6. D·······
7. now
8. now
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74412
1. ὁ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····NMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74413
1. ἄρχων
2. arχōn
3. ruler
4. ruler
5. 7580
6. N····NMS
7. ruler
8. ruler
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74414
1. τοῦ
2. ho
3. the
4. -
5. 35880
6. E····GMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74415
1. κόσμου
2. kosmos
3. of world
4. -
5. 28890
6. N····GMS
7. ˱of˲ world
8. ˱of˲ world
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74416
1. τούτου
2. houtos
3. this
4. -
5. 37780
6. E····GMS
7. this
8. this
9. -
10. Y33; R74410
11. 74417
1. καί
2. kai
3. -
4. -
5. 25320
6. D·······
7. also
8. also
9. -
10. -
11. 74418
1. ἐκβληθήσεται
2. ekballō
3. will be being thrown out
4. thrown
5. 15440
6. VIFP3··S
7. ˓will_be_being˒ throw_out
8. ˓will_be_being˒ cast_out
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74419
1. βληθήσεται
2. ballō
3. -
4. -
5. 9060
6. VIFP3··S
7. ˓will_be_being˒ throw
8. ˓will_be_being˒ cast
9. -
10. -
11. 74420
1. ἔξω
2. exō
3. out
4. -
5. 18540
6. D·······
7. out
8. out
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74421

SIL Open Translator’s Notes:

Section 12:27–36b: Jesus talked about his death

Jesus spoke about his coming death. He said that he was disturbed by what was going to happen, but that was why he came to earth. He prayed that his Father God would reveal his glory in Jesus’ death. God answered that had already revealed his glory and that he would do it again.

Jesus said that the time had now come for God to judge the world and drive out Satan. And Jesus’ death would attract people to him. But the people there were confused because they did not think that the Messiah would die. Jesus told them to believe in the light, which was himself.

Here are some other possible titles for this section:

Jesus’ death will attract people to himself

What Jesus’ death would do

12:31a

Now judgment is upon this world;

Now this world is going to be judged.
Now is the time to judge the people of this world.

Now judgment is upon this world: This clause refers to the time that Jesus would die on the cross, now very near. This was the time for the judgment of this world, when this world would be judged. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

Now is the time for judgment on this world

Now the time has come for judging the people of this world

By judging Jesus and condemning him to die on the cross, people were actually judging and condemning themselves. When they put Jesus on the cross to die, they showed how evil they were. But the cross was also God’s judgment on the world, a judgment that Jesus accepted to suffer himself. Jesus endured being judged and condemned instead of the world, even though the world deserved it and Jesus did not.

The noun judgment refers to an action, the act of judging and condemning. So in some languages it may be natural to translate it using a verb. Here are examples of passive verbs:

Now is the time for this world to be judged. (GNT)

This world’s people are now being judged. (CEV)

Now punishment is being decided on this world.

In some languages it may be necessary to use an active verb and supply a subject. However, it is difficult to know what the subject should be. John 5:22 says that the Father judges no one. Here it seems that the cross judges the world, or the world judges itself, or Jesus’ word would judge them (see 12:48). This is not the last judgment, but one that happened at that time. Here are other ways to translate this clause:

Now is the time to judge this world.

Now we will see the guilt and punishment of this world.

Now: This word here is a time word. It can also mean “very soon.” The Greek text emphasizes this word, using it twice in this verse. Here are other ways to translate this word:

Now is the time (NCV)

The time has come

At this very time

judgment: This word refers to the decision about whether someone is guilty or not and what his punishment should be.

world: This word here refers mainly to the evil world system and those people who were part of it. It refers to everything and everyone that were opposed to God.

12:31b

now the prince of this world will be cast out.

Now the one/oppressor who rules this world will be sent/chased away.
The evil one who rules this world is about to lose his power.
Now he/God will throw out the demon ruler of this world.

now: This word is again a time word which can also mean “very soon.” Jesus knew that he would soon die and by his death he would defeat Satan. See how you translated this word in 12:31a.

the prince of this world: This phrase means “the one who rules the people of the world” and here refers to Satan. Try to translate this phrase in a way that implies that this ruler is not human and that he is evil. For example:

the evil one who rules this world

the great oppressor who rules this world

will be cast out: This phrase here means “will be defeated and thrown out.” The text does not say whether Satan would be driven out from earth or from heaven. It is best not to make this explicit. Your translation should indicate that Satan would lose his authority. He would no longer have the power to rule the world.

This verb phrase is passive. There are at least two ways to translate it.

Use a passive verb. For example:
the ruler of this world is already being thrown out! (CEV)
the leader of demons will be removed
Use an active verb. For example:
the Father will throw out the evil ruler of the whole world
now will be the time of the defeat of Satan who rules the world

uW Translation Notes:

Note 1 topic: figures-of-speech / abstractnouns

νῦν κρίσις ἐστὶν τοῦ κόσμου τούτου

now (Some words not found in SR-GNT: Νῦν κρίσις ἐστίν τοῦ κόσμου τούτου νῦν ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κόσμου τούτου ἐκβληθήσεται ἔξω)

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of judgment, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: [Now God will judge this world]

Note 2 topic: figures-of-speech / metonymy

τοῦ κόσμου τούτου

¬the ˱of˲_world this

Here, this world is used to refer to all the people in the world. See how you translated world in [1:29](../01/29.md).

Note 3 topic: figures-of-speech / explicit

νῦν ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κόσμου τούτου ἐκβληθήσεται ἔξω

now the ruler ¬the ˱of˲_world this ˓will_be_being˒_cast_out out

Here, ruler of this world refers to Satan. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: [Now Satan will be thrown out]

Note 4 topic: figures-of-speech / activepassive

νῦν ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κόσμου τούτου ἐκβληθήσεται ἔξω

now the ruler ¬the ˱of˲_world this ˓will_be_being˒_cast_out out

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who will do the action, Jesus implies that God will do it. Alternate translation: [Now God will throw out the ruler of this world]

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)

1. OET-LV words
2. OET-RV words
3. Strongs
4. Greek word
5. Greek lemma
6. Role/Morphology
7. OET Gloss
8. VLT Gloss
9. CAPS codes
10. Confidence
11. OET tags
12. OET word #
1. Now
2. -
3. 35680
4. S
5. nun
6. D-·······
7. now
8. now
9. S
10. Y33
11. 74406
1. is
2. -
3. 15100
5. eimi
6. V-IPA3··S
7. is
8. is
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74408
1. +the judgement
2. judged
3. 29200
5. krisis
6. N-····NFS
7. ˓the˒ judgement
8. ˓the˒ judgment
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74407
1. of
2. -
3. 28890
5. kosmos
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ world
8. ˱of˲ world
9. -
10. Y33; F74417
11. 74410
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74409
1. this
2. -
3. 37780
5. houtos
6. E-····GMS
7. this
8. this
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74411
1. world
2. -
3. 28890
5. kosmos
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ world
8. ˱of˲ world
9. -
10. Y33; F74417
11. 74410
1. now
2. -
3. 35680
5. nun
6. D-·······
7. now
8. now
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74412
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····NMS
7. the
8. the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74413
1. ruler
2. ruler
3. 7580
5. arχōn
6. N-····NMS
7. ruler
8. ruler
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74414
1. of
2. -
3. 28890
5. kosmos
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ world
8. ˱of˲ world
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74416
1. the
2. -
3. 35880
5. ho
6. E-····GMS
7. ¬the
8. ¬the
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74415
1. this
2. -
3. 37780
5. houtos
6. E-····GMS
7. this
8. this
9. -
10. Y33; R74410
11. 74417
1. world
2. -
3. 28890
5. kosmos
6. N-····GMS
7. ˱of˲ world
8. ˱of˲ world
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74416
1. will be being thrown out
2. thrown
3. 15440
5. ekballō
6. V-IFP3··S
7. ˓will_be_being˒ throw_out
8. ˓will_be_being˒ cast_out
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74419
1. out
2. -
3. 18540
5. exō
6. D-·······
7. out
8. out
9. -
10. Y33
11. 74421

Note: The OET-RV is still only a first draft, and so far only a few words have been (mostly automatically) matched to the Hebrew or Greek words that they’re translated from.

Acknowledgements: The SR Greek text, lemmas, morphology, and VLT gloss are all thanks to the CNTR.

OET interlinear YHN (JHN) 12:31

SR Greek word order (including unused variant words in grey)

Section 12:27–36b: Jesus talked about his death

12:31a

12:31b

OET-LV English word order (‘Reverse’ interlinear)